RU2186599C1 - Apparatus for preventing fire from spreading through electric cable - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fire-fighting equipment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has fireproofing partition composed of one or two highly compact plates of noncombustible mineral fibers. Plates are located inside cavity of fireproofing wall. End surfaces of wall and partition are covered with fireproof material. Partition is equipped with slots for inserting metal supporting construction, which comprises bundles of cables. Metal supporting construction with bundles of cables inside partition cavity between plates is covered with fireproof material. Gaps between supporting construction with bundles of cables and plates are filled with mineral wool impregnated with fireproof material and with fireproof spackling. Partition is additionally covered on the outside with layer of fireproof material. Supporting construction with bundles of cable is covered over the length of 500-700 mm and adjoining part of fireproofing wall is also covered along perimeter of wall over width of at least 500 mm with the same fireproof material. Apparatus is used for localizing fire and for preventing fire from spreading in cable channels, tunnels etc. EFFECT: enhanced reliability in operation, simplified construction and increased efficiency. 4 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to fire fighting equipment, in particular to devices for localizing a fire and preventing the possibility of fire spreading in cable tunnels.

 A device for preventing the spread of fire through an electric cable is known, consisting of a fire barrier with a fire-retardant belt made of asbestos cord and a sleeve with explosives placed on the cable (SU 1540835 A, 02/07/1990).

 It is also known a device for extinguishing burning electric cables and wires in cable channels, tunnels, containing a fireproof partition, on both sides of which are flame retardant belts made in the form of detachable cylindrical bushings placed on cables and filled with a fire extinguishing agent (SU 1613120 A, 12.15.1990 )

 The disadvantage of these devices is the complexity of the design of the device, high metal consumption, limited use and the presence of structural elements with explosives, which imposes certain conditions during operation.

 A device is known to prevent the spread of fire through an electric cable, made in the form of a firewall, consisting of two fireproof sheets, through the openings in which a supporting structure with cable bundles with an intumescent fireproof coating is applied, the passageway of the supporting structure with cable bundles through the openings in the bulkhead are covered with a heat-resistant sealing material (EP 0931568 A1, 12.30.1998).

 The disadvantage of this device is the large metal structure.

 The closest analogue is the known device for preventing the spread of fire through an electric cable, containing a firewall installed in the opening of the fire wall, having cutouts for passing through it a metal supporting structure for bundles of cables and made in the form of one layer or two layers of mineral fiber plates with a coating they have a fire-retardant coating, while the plates are installed inside the opening with a fire-retardant coating to the outside (SN 670273 A5, 05/31/1989).

 In this known device is not provided with high reliability and design efficiency.

 The objective of the invention is to provide a device to prevent the spread of fire on an electric cable, providing a technical result, which consists in increasing the reliability, efficiency and manufacturability of the structure with its simplicity.

 This technical result is achieved in that the device for preventing the spread of fire along the electric cable contains a firewall installed in the opening of the fire wall, having cutouts for passing through it a supporting structure for bundles of cables and made in the form of a single layer of highly compacted stone-based mineral fiber plates, coated on both sides with a fire retardant coating, or in the form of two layers of highly densified stone-based mineral fiber plates, on one side with a fire-retardant coating and installed inside the aperture with a fire-retardant coating to the outside, while the aperture and the inner end surfaces of the plates are covered with fire-retardant material, and mineral wool impregnated with fire-retardant material is placed in the gaps between the plates, the supporting structure and the cable bundles, and additionally placed in the gaps fire-resistant putty, and the bulkhead on both sides is equipped with an additional layer of fire-retardant material.

 The supporting structure, such as a tray with cable bundles on either side of the bulkhead, is provided with an additional flame retardant coating at least 500-700 mm long.

 Fire-retardant coatings are applied to cable bundles and a supporting structure such as a tray inside the opening.

 The section of the fire wall adjacent to the bulkhead and the room structure around the bulkhead is covered with a layer of fire-retardant material at least 50 mm from the edge of the opening.

 Figure 1 shows the proposed device with two layers of plates; in FIG. 2 - the same, with one layer of plates.

 A device for preventing the spread of fire through an electric cable contains a firewall 1, consisting of two layers 1a and 1b of highly combustible non-combustible slabs of 60 mm thick mineral fiber each with the required fire resistance of 90 minutes, and coated on one side with a fireproof coating such as KS-1 or consisting of from one layer of highly compacted non-combustible plates with the required fire resistance of 30 minutes, coated on both sides with the above fire retardant coating. At the same time, the bulkhead is a fireproof, highly compacted, non-combustible mineral fiber board with low thermal conductivity - 0.036 W / mK, size 1000x600x60 mm, which do not emit toxic substances and hazardous decomposition products in case of fire.

 The bulkhead is installed inside the opening of the fireproof fire wall 2, the end surfaces of which are adjacent to the internal opening, and the opening itself is covered with flame retardant material such as KS-1 flammoplast (item 3). In the bulkhead 1, cutouts were made for passing through it a metal supporting structure 4 with bundles of cables 5, on which a flame retardant type KS-1 type flame retardant coating was applied between the layers of the bulkhead 1a and 1b. The gaps between the supporting structure with bundles of cables are filled with mineral wool 6, impregnated with the above flame retardant material such as KS-1 flammoplast, and additionally in the gaps there is a fireproof putty of the KS-3 type flammoplast (item 7).

 After installing the bulkhead on the bulkhead, an additional layer of flame retardant type KS-1 is applied from the outside as well, and the flame retardant KS-1 is coated with a fire retardant coating supporting metal structure 4 with bundles of cables 5 on both sides of the bulkhead for a length of 500-700 mm and an adjacent section of the fire wall along the perimeter of the bulkhead at least 50 mm from the edge of the opening.

Fire-retardant material KS-1 Flammoplast and fire-retardant putty KS-3 Flammoplast, which are a solvent-free dispersion-bound aqueous system of organic and inorganic components, have the following properties:
foaming in case of fire in a 100-fold size compared to the thickness of the coating;
not hygroscopic and can be used without additional protective varnish;
highly elastic;
tightly seal the seams;
in case of fire do not emit toxic substances;
in a wet state almost odorless, in a dry state - completely odorless;
not hazardous material;
The thickness of the fire retardant coating on mineral fiber cables should be 0.8 mm in the dry state. The density of the joints is determined visually.

 The device operates as follows.

 When the cable route heats up during a fire, a foaming reaction of the fire-retardant material occurs in a 100-fold size, as a result of which an insulating layer of fire-retardant material is created. Thus, the cable is surrounded by a continuous insulating layer and in the same way the fire-retardant coating of the bulkhead, foaming, provides localization of the fire and prevents the possibility of fire spreading through cable channels, tunnels.

 This device allows for a much simpler design of the bulkhead to reduce the metal consumption of the structure and increase the efficiency, reliability and manufacturability of the device for localizing the fire through cable channels, tunnels. In addition, at fairly low material costs, the bulkhead structure is very quickly erected, easily cut, can be of any configuration and can be used to block horizontal and vertical transitions in concrete walls, bricks and lightweight wall partitions through which cables, ducts and other communications pass.

Claims (4)

 1. Device for preventing the spread of fire through an electric cable, comprising a fire bulkhead installed in the opening of the fire wall, having cutouts for passing through it a supporting structure for cable bundles and made in the form of a single layer of highly sealed stone-based mineral fiber plates coated on both sides fire retardant coating, or in the form of two layers of highly sealed stone-based mineral fiber slabs, coated on one side with a fire retardant coating installed inside the opening with a fire-retardant coating to the outside, while the opening and the inner end surfaces of the plates are coated with flame retardant material, and in the gaps between the plates, the supporting structure and the cable bundles, mineral wool impregnated with fire-retardant material is placed, and additionally fire-resistant putty is placed in the gaps, with a bulkhead from both sides provided with an additional layer of flame retardant material.  2. The device according to claim 1, in which the supporting structure is a type of tray with bundles of cables on both sides of the bulkhead is provided with an additional flame retardant coating at a length of at least 500-700 mm.  3. The device according to claim 1, in which fire-retardant coating is applied to the cable bundles and a supporting structure such as a tray inside the opening.  4. The device according to claim 1, in which the section of the fire wall adjacent to the bulkhead and the room structure around the bulkhead is covered with a layer of fire-retardant material at least 50 mm from the edge of the opening.

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