RU2185961C1 - Plant for production of filled plastics, mainly, fiber-reinforced material - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for production of composite materials based on phenol-formaldehyde resins; applicable in production of phenoplast, mainly, fiber-reinforce material. SUBSTANCE: plant has extruder with systems supplying polymer and filler. Extruder is communicated with ventilation system and device for trapping dust and volatile components. Extruder has airtight casing whose internal space is communicated with ventilation system. Device for trapping of dust and volatile components has intermediate vessel and is made in the form of bag filter and spraying scrubber. It has line supplying absorbent, sprinkling nozzles and fluid accumulator. Bag filter is located in scrubber upper part. Sprinkling nozzles are introduced into each filter bag. Intermediate vessel is connected with fluid accumulator and line supplying absorbent with formation if closed system of its circulation. EFFECT: reduced gas-dust effluents to zone of extruder servicing and to atmosphere. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to equipment for the production of composite materials based on phenol-formaldehyde resins and can be used in the manufacture of phenolic plastics. Advantageously, this invention is intended to provide fiberglass.

 A known method and complex for the continuous production of phenolic plastics, including a screw mixer with a zone thermostat system, equipped with a vacuum chamber and a hollow support tube with a radial channel, a heated sleeve, an oscillation concentrator in communication with an ultrasound source, a resin melt supply line and bulk components, the feed line resin is connected to the mixer by means of a radial channel and a vacuum chamber / cm, for example, a.s. USSR 1801752, MKI V 29 V 7/58, 1993, B.I. 10/.

 The disadvantages of this technical solution are the limitations of its application and low reliability.

 These shortcomings are due to the possible polymerization of a phenol-formaldehyde resin of a resol type in a heated polymer supply line and the complexity of the complex design.

 There is also a known method and installation for the continuous production of phenoplasts, including a twin-screw mixer, providing simultaneous impregnation of the filler with phenol-formaldehyde resin, plasticization and compaction of the impregnated composition, equipment for cooling, crushing, granulation and absorption cleaning of gas emissions / see, for example, a.s. USSR 1807632, MKI V 29 V 9/06, 1996, B.I. eleven/.

 A disadvantage of the known technical solution is the high concentration of dust and volatile components in the service area of the apparatus.

 This drawback is due to the release of harmful substances through the leaks of the apparatus and the limited radius of action of the local suction of the ventilation system.

 The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the invention is a plant for producing a thermoplastic filled with fiberglass, including an extruder, a tape dispenser, roving reels, a cooling bath, a blower, a granulator, a ventilation system and a system for collecting volatile components / cm. book of Kavetsky G.D. Equipment for the production of plastics. M .: Chemistry, 1986.P. 197 /.

 A disadvantage of the known installation is the high concentration of harmful substances in the service area of the extruder and the emission of volatile components into the environment.

 This drawback is due to the release of dust and volatile components through the input nodes of the polymer, fiberglass and equipment leakage, as well as the low degree of reliability of the gas cleaning system due to the limited radius of local suction. The low concentration of volatile components in the ventilation stream reduces the efficiency of air purification by absorption, which leads to emissions of harmful substances into the environment.

 The purpose of the invention is the reduction of dust and gas emissions in the service area of the extruder and the atmosphere.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the known installation for producing filled plastics, mainly fiberglass, including an extruder with polymer and filler supply systems in communication with a ventilation system and a device for collecting dust and volatile components, according to the invention, the extruder is equipped with a sealed casing, the inner space of which is communicated with ventilation system, the device for collecting dust and volatile components is equipped with an intermediate tank and is made in the form of a bag filter and a spray scrubber equipped with an absorbent supply line, irrigation nozzles and a fluid collector, the bag filter being placed at the top of the scrubber, and irrigation nozzles introduced into each filter sleeve, the intermediate tank being in communication with the liquid collector and the absorbent supply line with the formation of a closed loop system circulation.

 Distinctive features of the proposed installation for producing filled plastics, mainly fiberglass, is that the extruder is equipped with a sealed casing, the inner space of which is in communication with the ventilation system, the device for collecting dust and volatile components is equipped with an intermediate tank and is made in the form of a bag filter and a spray scrubber equipped with a line absorbent supply. irrigation nozzles and a fluid collector, the bag filter being placed at the top of the scrubber, and the irrigation nozzles introduced into each filter sleeve, the intermediate tank being in communication with the fluid collector and the absorbent supply line to form a closed circulation system.

 Due to this, the extruder is insulated from the working area, the concentration of dust and volatile components in the air flow increases, directed to multi-stage (mechanical and absorption method) cleaning, and consequently, the efficiency of the device for collecting dust and volatile components.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a schematic diagram of an installation for producing filled plastics, mainly fiberglass.

 The installation for producing filled plastics, mainly fiberglass, consists of an extruder 1, phenol-formaldehyde resin supply lines 2 and filler 3, an airtight casing 4, an intermediate container 5, a device for collecting dust and volatile components, an absorbent circulation line, and a ventilation system.

The device for collecting dust and volatile components consists of a bag filter 6 and a scrubber 7
The intermediate tank 5 includes nozzles for input 8 and drain 9 of absorbent, nozzles for drain of sludge 10 and absorbent to neutralize trapped components, input 11 of regenerated absorbent, mesh 12.

 The absorbent circulation line consists of an intermediate tank 5, a pump 13, a manifold 14, spray nozzles 15, a fluid collector 16, a fitting 17, a pipe 18.

 The ventilation system consists of a manifold 19, a chipper 20, a pipe 21, a fan 22 and air ducts 23.

 Bag filter 6 includes a tube sheet 24, filter bags 25 and sleeve space 26.

 The extruder 1 is placed in a sealed casing 4, and the output end of the extruder 1 is in a sealed receiver 27, communicated through the pipes 28, 29 and the duct 23 with the collector 19.

 A bag filter 6 is located in the upper part of the scrubber 7, and irrigation nozzles 15 of the circulation line are introduced into each filter sleeve 25.

 The lower section of the input pipe 8 of the absorbent is located under the grid 12, and the pipe of the discharge 9 of the absorbent is above the grid 12.

 Installation works as follows. Before starting work include a pump 13, which provides circulation of the absorbent. The working fluid from the intermediate tank 5 enters the manifold 14 and is uniformly fed to the nozzles 15, ensuring its crushing into small drops and creating a developed mass transfer surface. In the limited space of the sleeves 25 of the bag filter 6, a high irrigation density is achieved, leading in addition to the occurrence of a film flow of absorbent along the filter surface. From the bag filter 6 through the openings of the tube sheet 24, the working fluid flows into the collector 16, from which through the fitting 17 through the pipe 18 and the input pipe 8 flows by gravity into the intermediate tank 5.

 The fan 22 is turned on and components are fed into the extruder 1 through the supply lines 2, 3 for mixing. The finished mass is squeezed out through the die of the extruder 1 into a sealed receiver 27, and from there it arrives at the stage of its further processing.

 Dust and volatile components released during the operation of the extruder 1 from the sealed casing and the sealed receiver 27 through the nozzles 28, 29, the duct 23, the collector 19, reflected from the chipper 20, enter the scrubber 7 PA absorption. Interacting with the sprayed working fluid and the absorbent film flowing down the filter surface, as well as passing through the sleeves 25 into the inter-sleeve space 26 of the filter 6, the air flow is cleaned of solid particles and gas components. The purified air is discharged into the atmosphere through the pipe 21, the duct 23 by the fan 22.

 The spent absorbent from the collector 16 enters the bottom of the intermediate tank 5, while the solid particles are retained by the grid 12, and the working fluid purified from mechanical impurities through the branch pipe 9, pipe 18, pump 13 and the collector 14 is directed to the nozzles 15.

 As the concentration of trapped components in the absorbent and the solid phase increases under the grid 12 of the intermediate tank 5, the working fluid is partially removed for regeneration through the pipe 10 with the valve open. At the same time, through the pipe 11 with the valve open, the intermediate tank 5 is filled with absorbent with restored properties.

 Currently, at the Murom Instrument-Making Plant, according to the proposed scheme, the installation is being modernized to produce fiberglass of the AG-4V grade (GOST 20437-75).

 Thus, the introduction of an installation for producing filled plastics, mainly fiberglass, will allow isolating the extruder from the working area, increasing the concentration of harmful substances in the air flow directed to multi-stage (mechanical and absorption methods) cleaning, and, consequently, the efficiency of the device for collecting dust and volatile components.

Claims (1)

 Installation for producing filled plastics, mainly fiberglass, including an extruder with polymer and filler supply systems in communication with a ventilation system and a device for collecting dust and volatile components, characterized in that the extruder is equipped with a hermetic casing, the inner space of which is communicated with a ventilation system, a dust collecting device and volatile components equipped with an intermediate tank and made in the form of a bag filter and a spray scrubber equipped with a line on absorbent nozzles, irrigation nozzles and a fluid collector, the bag filter being placed in the upper part of the scrubber, and irrigation nozzles introduced into each filter sleeve, while the intermediate tank is in communication with the liquid collector and the absorbent supply line with the formation of a closed circulation system.