RU218568U1 - valve disc - Google Patents

Abstract

The useful model valve disc relates to devices for contacting steam (gas) and liquid in mass transfer processes and can be used in the chemical, oil refining and other industries that implement these processes.

The technical result is to increase the efficiency of mass transfer processes.

To achieve the declared technical result in a valve plate containing a base with holes for the passage of steam / gas, valves installed on them under the restrictors in the form of a perforated cap, a receiving pocket, a receiving pocket partition, a drain partition, a drain pocket, the valves are perforated, with holes, evenly spaced on the side walls of the valves.

In this case, the size of the holes in the valves is smaller than the size of the holes in the restrictors.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for contacting vapor (gas) and liquid in mass transfer processes and can be used in the chemical, oil refining and other industries that implement these processes.

Known valve plates [1-4], including a base with openings of various shapes, for the passage of steam (gas), over which valves are installed, equipped with restrictors. In addition, the plates have receiving pockets, distribution baffles, baffles, and drain pockets.

The disadvantage of the known plates is that the shape of the windows for the release of steam (gas) limits the contact surface of the phases, reducing the efficiency of the mass transfer process.

Closest in technical essence to the claimed valve plate [5], containing a base with holes for the passage of steam (gas), valves installed on them under restrictors made in the form of perforated caps, a receiving pocket, a receiving pocket partition, a drain partition, a drain pocket.

The disadvantage of the known tray is that the presence of the valve under the limiters leads to the formation of a dead zone in the cap, the height of which is equal to the height of the valve when it is fully raised, which in turn increases the metal content, the height of the liquid above the trays and the resistance of the vapor-liquid mixture.

The technical result, to achieve which the claimed utility model was created, is to increase the efficiency of mass transfer processes in the valve tray.

The declared technical result is achieved by the fact that in a valve disc containing a base with holes for the passage of steam / gas, above which valves are installed under the restrictors, inlet and drain pockets, distribution and drain partitions, in contrast to the prototype, the valves are made in a perforated form with holes, located evenly on the side walls of the valves.

At low steam/gas velocities in the apparatus, the steam/gas flow passing through the perforated valves and restrictors breaks into small bubbles, which ensures an increase in the phase contact surface between the vapor/gas and liquid, and which leads to an increase in the efficiency of mass transfer even in the region of low steam velocities / gas.

With an increase in the speed of steam (gas) in the apparatus, steam (gas) partially passing through perforated valves and restrictors and partially through only perforated valves breaks into small bubbles, due to which the contact surface of the phases between the vapor (gas) and liquid increases, which will lead to increasing the efficiency of mass transfer.

Consequently, the use of perforated valves and restrictors also leads to an increase in the efficiency of mass transfer apparatuses at any operating speeds of steam (gas) in the apparatus.

With the help of a perforated valve in the restrictor, it is possible to control the speed of steam (gas) passing through the perforated restrictor by raising the valve as the steam flow rate increases on the one hand, and on the other hand, to increase the phase contact surface by partially additionally breaking the vapor (gas) flow into small bubbles.

Making bubbling holes in valves smaller than in restrictors made in the form of perforated caps leads to a decrease in the diameter of gas bubbles bubbling through the liquid, an increase in the number of such bubbles, respectively, to an increase in the contact surface between gas and liquid and an increase in tray efficiency.

Brief description of graphic materials

In FIG. 1 shows the valve plate, where the following designations are accepted:

1 - receiving pocket;

2 - partition of the receiving pocket;

3 - perforated cap;

4 - holes in the cap;

5 - perforated valve;

6 - holes in the valve;

7 - drain partition;

8 - plate canvas;

9 - holes in the plate cloth;

10 - drain pocket.

Description of the work of the valve disc

The device works as follows. The liquid from the receiving pocket 1 through the partition 2 of the receiving pocket 1 enters the canvas 8 of the plate and moves in the direction of the drain partition 7. The steam / gas flow, at low speeds, passing through the holes 9 in the canvas 8 of the plate under the perforated valve 5, enters the liquid layer through holes 6 in the perforated valve 5 and holes 4 in the perforated cap 3, as a result of which a bubbling layer is formed on the canvas 8. Then the gas goes to the overlying plate, and the liquid enters the drain pocket 10.

With an increase in the speed of steam (gas), the valve 5 rises above the canvas 8 and the height of its rise increases to the end of the cap. However, the speed of steam (gas) in the holes 4 of the perforated cap 3 remains unchanged, preventing an increase in the hydraulic resistance of the plate.

With the passage of steam (gas) through the holes of the perforated valve 6 and holes 4 in the perforated cap 3, the flow of steam (gas) entering through the holes 9 in the canvas 8 of the plate is broken into small bubbles. The flow of small bubbles enters the layer of liquid moving along the plate 8, creating a foam layer with a large phase contact surface.

An increase in the phase contact surface leads to an intensification of heat and mass transfer processes. Perforation of the valve leads to a decrease in the dead zone of the cap equal to the height of the valve when it is fully raised.

In addition to achieving a technical result - increasing the efficiency of mass transfer processes - in the claimed utility model, such characteristics as cost are improved due to a decrease in metal consumption, and energy consumption is reduced due to a decrease in the resistance of the vapor-liquid layer above the plate by reducing its height.

List of patents and scientific and technical literature

1. 2135251 Valve poppet.

2. 2200610 Valve poppet.

3. Dytnersky Yu.I. Processes and apparatuses of chemical technology: a textbook for universities. Ed. 2nd book. Part 2. Mass transfer processes and apparatuses. M.: Chemistry, 1995. - S. 74-75.

4. 143987 Valve tray with perforated valves.

5. Valve plate: utility model BY 10370 / V.B. Khalil, Maytham Jabar Najim, IPC B01D 3/30, publ. 10/30/2014.

6. A.I. Skoblo, Yu.K. Molokanov et al. Processes and apparatus for oil and gas processing and petrochemistry. M: Nedra, 2000.

Claims (2)

1. A valve plate containing a base with holes for the passage of steam / gas, valves installed on them under restrictors in the form of a perforated cap, a receiving pocket, a receiving pocket partition, a drain partition, a drain pocket, characterized in that the valves are perforated, with holes, evenly spaced on the side walls of the valves. 2. Valve plate according to claim 1, characterized in that the holes in the valves are smaller than the holes in the restrictors.

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