RU2181877C2 - Device for destruction of oversized rocks - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: practice of blasthole drilling destruction of rocks. SUBSTANCE: the device has an explosive in an envelope made in the form of a shaped charge, and a fuze, is provided with an elongated U-shaped body with air bosoms arranged in the vertical walls, piston installed inside the chamber and made with a recess and of two parts separated by a damping spacer and spring-loaded relative to the upper flange of the body, in which holes are made accommodating the valves, guide for the explosive fastened in the lower part of the chamber for movement in its longitudinal axis, the explosive is made in the form of an elongated shaped charge and provided with a damping spacer separating it from the piston and bolt and metal foil located in the recess of the elongated shaped charge, and the fuze installed on the opposite end of the body relative to the guide is made of initiating explosive in the form of a cartridge. EFFECT: enhanced ecological effect due to reduced dispersion of rock pieces at destruction of an oversized rock. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the technology of drilling and blasting and can be used to destroy separated from the array of large pieces of rock (oversized) both in quarries and in underground conditions.

 Known shock initiation charge, the bulk consisting of a safe to handle secondary explosive (BB) in the shell, a fuse and a rod installed in the explosive, characterized in that the rod is equipped with a disk that is placed on the side of the end face of the main charge, and the fuse is made in the form of a charge of hydroxyquisition and mounted on the outer surface of the disk. (RF patent 2039251, MKI F 42 D, 1/02, 1995).

 The disadvantage of this charge is the high consumption of explosives and inadequate safety during blasting.

 Known explosive device for crushing oversized rocks, including explosive charge, lining, mechanical metal ring, an additional detonator equipped with a cumulative recess (SU 224437, E 21 B, 1968) -PROTOTYPE.

 A disadvantage of the known device is the lack of safety during blasting.

 The objective of the invention is to provide a device for the destruction of oversized rocks, which would allow more efficient use of explosives and improve safety during the destruction of oversized.

 The problem is solved in such a way that the device for destroying oversized rocks containing explosive (BB) in the shell and the fuse is equipped with an elongated U-shaped body with air sinuses located in the vertical walls, holes connected to the camera body, a piston installed inside the chamber, made with a recess and from two parts separated by a damping pad, and spring-loaded relative to the upper shelf of the housing in which the holes are made, with valves installed in them, a guide for the explosives, closed captured in the lower part of the chamber with the ability to move along its longitudinal axis, moreover, the explosive is made in the form of an elongated cumulative charge (UKZ) and is equipped with a damping pad that separates it from the piston and the shutter, and a metal foil located in the cumulative recess UKZ, and installed from the opposite relative to the guide end of the body, the fuse is made of an initiating explosive in the form of a cartridge.

 Damping pads are made in the form of a mesh or expanded polystyrene.

 The drawing shows a section (figure 1) and a top view of a device for the destruction of oversized rocks (figure 2).

 A device for destroying oversized rocks contains a housing 1, air sinuses 2, a piston 3, a chamber 4, springs 5, lower holes in the vertical walls 6, a gasket 7, upper holes in the vertical wall 8, an elongated cumulative charge 9 (in the shell), metal foil 10, a guide for BB 11, holes 12 in the upper shelf of the housing, valves 13, groove 14, clips with springs 15, eyes 16, cartridge 17, electric detonator 18, electrical wires 19, damping pads 20 and 21, shutter 22. In the drawing The extended U-shaped case 1 s is presented located in the vertical walls of the air sinuses 2, connected to the inner chamber 4, holes 6 and 8, the piston 3 installed inside the housing 1, made with a recess and from two parts separated by a damping pad 20, a spring 5, a gasket 7 between the piston 3 and an elongated cumulative charge 9 (UKZ), fixed in the lower part of the housing 1 in the grooves 14, the guide 11 with the ability to move along its longitudinal axis, the holes 12 with valves 13. In the grooves 14 there are latches 15 with springs. On top of the housing 1 there are eyes 16. A cartridge from the initiating explosive 17, an electric detonator 18, electrical wires 19 are located on one side at the end of the UKZ, and the shutter 22 is on the other. Between the end face of UKZ 9 and the shutter 22 is a damping pad 21.

 A device for the destruction of oversized rocks works as follows.

 An elongated cumulative charge (UKZ) 9 is coated on top and from one end with a polystyrene foam damping pad, and on the bottom with foil 10 and put into the guide 11. All this is pushed into the housing 1 through the groove 14 from the end until the latches 15 are in the form of balls with springs are not installed against the holes in the guide 11. Then from the other end of the housing 1 is installed a cartridge 17 with an initiating explosive charge and the last is an electric detonator 18 connected by an electric cable 19 to an explosive machine (not shown). Close the shutter 22. Through one of the valves 13 through the hole 12, neutral gas is pre-pumped into the cavity of the chamber 4, where the springs 5 are located, to a pressure 30% less than the pressure during the UKZ explosion.

 In the assembled state, the device is mounted on an oversize or mounted on an arrow so that the maximum size of the oversized plane is projected or coincides with the longitudinal axis of the groove 14. Explosion of the UKZ is carried out.

 The blast wave, and then the gases raise the piston 3 and openings 6. The air sinuses 2 are filled with gas under pressure and through the openings 8, the waves from the UKZ explosion extinguish the piston 3. The main energy is directed by a cumulative funnel to the oversized, destroying it.

 If the oversize has not collapsed, then the operations are repeated, taking a new guide 11, UKZ 9, gaskets 7, 20 and 21, cartridge 17, electric detonator 18.

 The cumulative directivity of the UKZ explosion allows the explosive to be used with great effect, and building 1 improves safety during the destruction of oversized equipment compared to the prototype.

 The environmental effect - in the smaller expansion of pieces of rock during the destruction of oversized.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for the destruction of oversized rocks containing explosive (BB) in the shell, made in the form of a cumulative charge, and a fuse, characterized in that it is equipped with an elongated U-shaped body located in the vertical walls of the air sinuses associated with the camera body holes installed inside the chamber by a piston, made with a recess and of two parts separated by a damping gasket, and spring-loaded relative to the upper shelf of the housing in which the holes are installed with and in them with valves, a guide for the explosive, fixed in the lower part of the chamber with the possibility of movement along its longitudinal axis, moreover, the explosive is made in the form of an elongated cumulative charge (UKZ) and is equipped with a damping pad that separates it from the piston and the shutter, and a metal foil located in the cumulative recess UKZ, and installed from the opposite relative to the guide end of the body fuse is made of an initiating explosive in the form of a cartridge.  2. A device for the destruction of oversized rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping pads are made in the form of grids.  3. A device for destroying oversized rocks according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping pads are made of polystyrene foam.

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