RU218021U1 - DEFORMING MODULAR MASK ACCESSORIES - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of camouflage, in particular to the creation of a deforming modular accessory mask with adaptively controlled physical parameters of spectral characteristics and structural and functional indicators to ensure the concealment of mobile or stationary weapons, military and special equipment (AMSE) located on the ground from reconnaissance technical means (TCP) simultaneously in the visible, infrared (IR) and radar (RL) ranges of the electromagnetic wave (EMW) spectrum. The technical result of the utility model is to expand the functionality and improve the performance of a deforming modular mask-accessory in conditions of high and low temperatures of the ambient air, due to the structurally linked and interconnected individual modules of the coating, made of cone-shaped pyramids with their faces located at an angle of 10 ° to the base of the coating modules with the tops of the pyramids oriented to the incident electromagnetic wave, which provide a deviation from the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object" with simultaneous screening in real time of the reflected electromagnetic radiation simultaneously in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum from masked mobile or stationary military equipment located on the ground. The essence of the utility model, which consists in simplifying the design and increasing the camouflage properties of a deforming modular mask-accessory from ground, air and space reconnaissance equipment during its operation from T _w.c = +50 ° C to T _w.c = -50 ° C and relative humidity (W _w.s. ≤15%), providing a decrease in the level of reflected electromagnetic radiation away from the line of sight "reconnaissance facility - object" of electromagnetic radiation reflected from cone-shaped pyramids with simultaneous shielding of electromagnetic radiation reflected from disguised mobile or stationary military equipment located on the ground radiation, due to its adaptively controlled physical parameters of the spectral characteristics and structural and functional indicators to achieve the required masking effect simultaneously in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum. 1 w.p. f-ly, 7 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of camouflage, in particular to the creation of a deforming modular accessory mask with adaptively controlled physical parameters of spectral characteristics and structural and functional indicators to ensure the concealment of mobile or stationary weapons, military and special equipment (AMSE) located on the ground from reconnaissance technical means (TCP) simultaneously in the visible, infrared (IR) and radar (RL) ranges of the electromagnetic wave (EMW) spectrum.

In the history of the creation and development of technical camouflage equipment (TCM), the creation of camouflage coatings that functionally ensure the timely concealment of military and military equipment without interfering with crews, reducing the effectiveness of control and combat use of weapons in the conditions of performing assigned tasks, has always been of paramount importance [1].

The relevance of the development of these means is determined primarily by their importance in the modern conditions of the development of armed struggle for the timely concealment of military facilities, especially mobile military equipment, from the TCP complex and guidance of high-precision weapons (HTO).

The detection and recognition of ground objects with the help of TCPs used in modern conditions of conducting ground, air and space reconnaissance is based on the reflected radiation towards the receiver of electromagnetic energy radiation from various ground objects in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the computer length spectrum [2].

The required camouflage effect of camouflaged objects in the area of their location under the conditions of integrated reconnaissance using modern optoelectronic and radar equipment can be achieved only with a decrease in the visibility of military and military equipment at the same time:

- in the visible range, by reducing the brightness contrast between the surface of the object and the surrounding background of the area, which makes it difficult to identify it by means of reconnaissance;

- in the IR range, due to shielding and scattering of thermal radiation reflected from the object towards the reconnaissance equipment receiver and thereby reducing the thermal contrast between the object and the terrain background;

- in the radar range of the EMW spectrum - by reducing the effective scattering area (EPR, m ² ) of the reflected wave from the surface of a camouflaged object with a camouflage coating in the direction of the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object".

Therefore, one of the topical directions in the development of TCM is the development of technical solutions for camouflage coatings with adaptively controlled physical parameters of the spectral characteristics and structural and functional parameters of a deforming modular mask-accessory, which, along with shielding the electromagnetic radiation reflected from a camouflaged object away from the line of sight, provides "reconnaissance means - object", timely concealment of military and military equipment without creating interference for crews, which reduces the effectiveness of control and combat use of weapons in the conditions of performing assigned tasks.

The solution of such a scientific and technical problem is especially important in the field of creating camouflage coatings that ensure timely concealment of military and military equipment in motion from modern TCP and guidance of the WTO in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum.

An analogue of the claimed utility model is a well-known technical solution [3], related to the means of reducing the visibility of military equipment, which can be used to hide ground military equipment moving or located at points of permanent deployment (PPD) from thermal imaging means of air and space reconnaissance, as well as to disrupt WTO guidance with IR homing heads. The object masking device contains a control unit and masking plates associated with it, made of N-layer dielectric spacers separated from each other. The plates are placed on the surface of a flexible heat-insulating coating, the dimensions of which correspond to the linear dimensions of the object. Attachment points to the outer surface of the object are installed along the perimeter of the coating. The device has background temperature sensors and M-temperature sensors for measuring the temperature of thermal zones on the surface of the coating, which are connected to the control unit. N-layer plates are made, for example, in the form of thermoelectric modules of the TV-3 type, which are protected by a moisture-proof ceramic coating from the effects of the external environment. This device provides compensation for thermal radiation of heated areas of the surface of the coating and reproduction on its surface of thermal contrast corresponding to the background thermal contrast in a short period of time, which makes it possible to hide a military object in the IR range of the EMW spectrum.

At the same time, the disadvantage of such devices is the need to develop complex software and the availability of appropriate equipment for its operation at the facility, with the mandatory presence of a digital processor and a panoramic thermal imaging camera.

A universal camouflage and protective shelter for a vehicle [4] is known, which contains a frame made of a frame with telescopic struts and elements for fixing the length of the struts, with the lower part of the telescopic struts mounted above the vehicle, and the upper part is pivotally connected to the frame. The frame is made of hollow pipes, into which the upper ends of the flexible rods are inserted, and the lower ends of the rods are connected by planks along the perimeter of the shelter. Along the perimeter along the planks, bars hang down vertically to the ground. Above the frame is an awning made of several layers of high-strength, bulletproof fabric with a coating that reflects and absorbs electromagnetic waves, and these layers have their own camouflage pattern in accordance with the four seasons in the area. The tent has a hatch for the withdrawal of anti-aircraft and anti-tank weapons.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution is the lack of real protection from modern reconnaissance equipment and enemy WTO guidance systems operating simultaneously in the visible IR and RL range of the electromagnetic wave spectrum.

A known device is an individual deforming mask for a movable object [5], containing separate frames equipped with camouflage coatings attached to a frame mounted on the surface of a movable object. The frames are made in the form of elastic brackets with nodes of rigid or movable fastening on one side to the frame, and on the other side to the concealing elements. Elastic brackets are interconnected and have telescopic elements and/or are fully or partially made of springs. The camouflage coating is made in the form of elastic or rigid plates of irregular shape from a multilayer polymer material with a deforming color.

The main disadvantage of this analogue is that it cannot be used on mobile objects during the movement of military equipment on the ground.

The frame of the known removable camouflage device has detachable connection nodes located taking into account the individual shape of the movable object.

Another disadvantage is the low efficiency of masking from enemy reconnaissance. The complexity of installation and fastening along the entire length of the masked object of the protective casing is not suitable for every masked object. The complexity of manufacturing the frame structure, as well as the drive for deploying the camouflage net using a thermoelastic alloy with a shape memory effect, increases the cost of manufacturing. A lot of turning parts with a small gap, during the deformation of which the entire mechanism will fail (jam); complexity of commissioning and adjustment work. The use of individual camouflage coatings in shape and size, which does not contribute to unification and use at other facilities.

Also known is a deforming mask-accessory [6], made in the form of a frameless structure, in which the plates of the radio-absorbing coating are made molded elastically elastic two-layer or two-sided, and on the lower side facing the object of concealment, self-adhesive, and on the outside as a single three-dimensional structure, consisting of cone-shaped pyramids uniformly distributed in a rectangular coordinate system along the outer surface of the plates with a chaotic orientation in the vertical plane.

The disadvantages of the known deforming mask accessory is that it is made in the form of a single three-dimensional constructive technical solution. The mask accessory, consisting of cone-shaped pyramids uniformly distributed in a rectangular coordinate system along the outer surface of the plates with a chaotic orientation in the vertical plane, is intended only for hiding military objects in mainly only in the visible and in the radar ranges of the EMW length spectrum and does not provide effective concealment of military equipment in the IR range of the EMW length spectrum.

Known camouflage coating [7], selected as a prototype, containing a flexible base and fixed on its surface filling material, made in the form of interconnected coating layers with different resistivity. The well-known camouflage coating is made of n-separate coating modules interconnected along the perimeter by removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes, structurally forming hollow cells, in which coating modules are built-in, fixed in each individual cell by internal double-sided solid grooves on the sides of each cell and screwed to the bottom row of flat polymeric flexible tapes with retainers-limiters. At the same time, the flexible base of the coating module is made in the form of a continuous fiberglass fabric, which is a dielectric, on the surface of which the first lower continuous layer of filling material is glued, made of a water-absorbing foamed silicone polymer with a thickness of 5 mm to 10 mm with the possibility of water absorption by volume from 25% to 45% , impregnated with electrically conductive nanodispersed graphite with a surface resistivity of 50 Ohm to 100 Ohm, to the front upper part of which a second layer of filling material is sewn, made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene with a density of 15-20 stitches per dm ² of coating and a pile height of 5 mm to 25 mm with colloidal nanodispersed graphite sprayed onto its surface, providing surface resistivity of the second upper coating layer from 300 Ohm to 600 Ohm and having a camouflage color, while bolted connections are screwed to the base of flexible tapes to fasten the camouflage coating to the surface of a military facility with union nuts, and threaded rods (studs) are welded on the surface of the military facility.

At the same time, despite the positive results achieved in providing a camouflage effect in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum, as a result of using this technical solution of a camouflage coating, it has a main drawback that limits in practice the manifestation of a camouflage effect relative to the effectiveness of its use in as a means of hiding a mobile military equipment in conditions of high and low temperatures of the ambient air, in which the relative humidity of the air can vary from 25% and below, which can have a significant impact on the decrease or increase in the level of the claimed ingredients of surface resistivity, which do not ultimately provide the required weakening of the electromagnetic radiation reflected from a camouflaged military facility towards the receiver of the reconnaissance and guidance equipment of the WTO in the IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum and, in general, will increase the likelihood of detecting and recognizing camouflaged equipment during its operation on the ground when performing assigned tasks.

Thus, the above-mentioned known devices, in their design, do not meet the modern requirements for masking mobile or stationary military equipment located on the ground from modern reconnaissance and guidance equipment of the WTO in the IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum.

Therefore, one of the topical directions in the development of TSM is the creation of a technical solution for a deforming modular accessory mask with adaptively controlled physical parameters of spectral characteristics and structural and functional indicators under conditions of high and low temperatures of the ambient air at its minimum relative humidity (W, %) during its operation, ensuring, along with the attenuation of the electromagnetic radiation reflected from the masked AMSE towards the line of sight "reconnaissance facility - object", its timely concealment from TCP simultaneously in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum without creating interference for crews, which reduces the effectiveness of control and combat use weapons in the conditions of fulfilling the assigned tasks.

The task solved in the considered utility model is to simplify the design and increase the camouflage properties of the deforming modular mask-accessory simultaneously in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum from ground-based and airborne and space reconnaissance equipment, under conditions of high and low temperatures of the ambient air (from T _w.c =+50°C to T _w.c = -50°C) at a minimum relative humidity (W≤15%) during its operation, due to a controlled change by structural and functional structural elements of the coating modules, providing reduction of the level of reflected electromagnetic radiation away from the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object" of electromagnetic radiation reflected from cone-shaped pyramids with simultaneous shielding of electromagnetic radiation reflected from disguised mobile or stationary military equipment located on the ground and thereby complicating its detection and recognition by reconnaissance means in real mode time.

The technical result of the utility model is to expand the functionality and improve the performance of a deforming modular mask-accessory in conditions of high and low temperatures of the ambient air, due to the structurally linked and interconnected individual modules of the coating, made of cone-shaped pyramids with their faces located at an angle of 10 ° to the base of the coating modules with the tops of the pyramids oriented to the incident electromagnetic wave, which provide a deviation from the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object" with simultaneous screening in real time of the reflected electromagnetic radiation simultaneously in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum from masked mobile or stationary military equipment located on the ground.

The task is achieved by the fact that in a deforming modular mask-accessory containing a flexible base and a filling material fixed on its surface in the form of interconnected coating layers with different resistivity, made of n-separate coating modules interconnected along the perimeter of a removable detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes structurally forming hollow cells, in which three-layer coating modules are built-in, fixed in each individual cell by internal double-sided solid-cast grooves on the sides of each cell and clamps-limiters screwed to the bottom row of flat polymeric flexible tapes, while the flexible base of the module The coating is made in the form of a continuous fiberglass, to the surface of which the first lower continuous layer of filling material is glued, made of a foamed organosilicon polymer impregnated with electrically conductive nanodispersed graphite, to the front upper part of which is attached the second layer of filling material, made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene with a density 15-20 stitches per dm ² of the coating with colloidal nanodispersed graphite sprayed onto its surface, and having a camouflage color, while bolted joints with union nuts are screwed to the base of the flexible tapes to fasten the camouflage coating to the surface of the military object, and rods are welded to the surface of the military object threaded (studs):

firstly, n-separate three-layer coating modules, connected to each other along the perimeter by removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes, structurally forming hollow cells, are made with linear dimensions of the module 50×50 cm ² corresponding to the resolution of the equipment of air and space reconnaissance in radar range of the electromagnetic wavelength spectrum, and the first lower continuous layer of material for filling hollow cells with n-separate three-layer coating modules is made of foamed organosilicon polymer impregnated with electrically conductive nanodispersed graphite to achieve a surface resistivity of 50 Ohm, 5 mm thick in the form of cone-shaped pyramids with the arrangement of faces cone-shaped pyramids at an angle of 10° to the base of the modules covering the surface of the object with the tops of the pyramids oriented towards the incident electromagnetic wave. At the same time, the second layer of the filling material of the three-layer coating module is made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene with a density of 15-20 stitches per dm ² of the coating and a pile height of 5 mm with colloidal nanodispersed graphite sprayed onto its surface, providing a surface resistivity of the second upper coating layer of 600 Ohm glued to the front surface of the faces of the pyramids, and the flexible base of the three-layer coating module is made in the form of a solid metallized fiberglass glued from the bottom of the cone-shaped coating modules. Moreover, to ensure the possibility of changing the silhouette of the deforming modular mask-accessory, along the perimeter of its outer contour, the coating modules are made in the form of removable and detachable retractable flat modules of a three-layer coating, tightly inserted into integrally cast grooves of polymeric flexible tapes;

secondly, the three-layer coating modules, fixed in each individual hollow cell with internal double-sided one-piece cast grooves on the sides of each cell and screwed to the bottom row of flat polymeric flexible tapes with retainers-limiters, are made in the form of a coating module with a textured surface made of n- shaped pyramids and/or n-shaped tetrahedra.

The technical essence of the claimed utility model is shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7.

In FIG. 1 shows an image of a deforming modular accessory mask with the main structural parts in the working position, where:

1 - removable and detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes with one-piece cast grooves 10; 2 - three-layer coating modules of a deforming modular mask-accessory with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids; 3 - clamps-limiters for fastening three-layer coating modules with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids to a removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tape 1; 4 - removable and detachable retractable flat modules of a three-layer coating.

In FIG. 2 shows the modules of the deforming modular accessory mask, where:

a) the appearance of a three-layer module of a deforming modular mask-accessory with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids, where: 5 - grooves for fastening the coating module of a deforming modular mask-accessory to a removable and detachable flat polymeric flexible tape 1 with clamps-limiters of a three-layer module with filling material in the form of conical pyramids 3; 6 - the first lower continuous layer of filling material with coating modules, made of foamed organosilicon polymer; 7 - the second layer of the filling material of the coating module made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene; 8 - flexible base of the coating module, made in the form of a continuous metallized fiberglass; 9 - side solid grooves of polymeric flexible tapes; 10 - the surface of the camouflaged military equipment.

b) the appearance of a three-layer module of a deforming modular mask-accessory with removable and detachable retractable flat modules of a three-layer coating 4 (see Fig. 2), where: 6 is the first lower continuous layer of material filling with coating modules, made of foamed silicone polymer; 7 - the second layer of the filling material of the coating module made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene; 8 - flexible base of the coating module, made in the form of a metallized continuous fiberglass; 11 - latch limiter of a retractable removable-detachable flat module of a three-layer coating; 12 - lugs for fixing the retractable removable-detachable flat module of the three-layer coating to the surface of the masked AMST.

In FIG. 3 shows a projection along the section A-A (see Fig. 1) of a fragment of a deforming modular mask-accessory fixed on the surface of a masked AME, where:

1 - removable and detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes with one-piece cast grooves 9; 2 - three-layer coating modules of a deforming modular mask-accessory with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids; 3 - clamps-limiters for fastening three-layer coating modules with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids to a removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tape 1; 5 - grooves for fastening the coating module of the deforming modular mask-accessory to the removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tape 1 with clamps-limiters of the three-layer module with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids 3; 9 - side solid grooves of polymeric flexible tapes; 10 - the surface of the camouflaged military equipment; 13 - threaded rod (stud) welded to the surface of the masked VVST 10; 14 - connecting nuts soldered into flat polymeric flexible tapes 1.

In FIG. 4 shows options for a deforming modular accessory mask installed on a camouflaged AME, using the example of military vehicles, where:

a) a deforming modular mask-accessory with three-layer coating modules with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids and coating modules fixed along the perimeter of its outer contour, made in the form of removable and detachable retractable flat modules of a three-layer coating, in the form of a grass lawn with protective camouflage painting in a color heterogeneous surrounding underlying terrain background.

b) a deforming modular accessory mask with three-layer coating modules with filling material in the form of a coating module with a textured surface made of n-shaped pyramids and/or n-shaped tetrahedra and coating modules fixed along the perimeter of its outer contour, made in the form of a removable detachable retractable flat modules of a three-layer coating, made in the form of a grassy lawn with a deforming camouflage painting to match the color of the surrounding underlying background of the area.

In FIG. 5 shows the design features of flexible tapes, solid-cast grooves and fastening of coating modules to them with a deforming modular mask-accessory, where:

1 - upper and lower removable and detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes; 2 - three-layer coating modules of a deforming modular mask-accessory with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids; 3 - clamps-limiters for fastening three-layer coating modules with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids to a removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tape 1; 5 - grooves for fastening the coating module of the deforming modular mask-accessory to the removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tape 1 with clamps-limiters of the three-layer module with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids 2, 9 - side solid grooves of polymer flexible tapes; 10 - the surface of the camouflaged military equipment; 13 - threaded rod (stud) welded to the surface of the masked VVST 10; 14 - connecting nuts soldered into flat polymeric flexible tapes 1; 15 - washer-bracket; 16 - bolt; 17 - washer; 18 - nozzle with internal thread; 19 - bolt; 20 - U-shaped saddle nut; 21 - interrupted hole of rectangular section; 22 - rectangular hole; 23 - union nuts 23.

In FIG. 6 shows an image of the coating module of a deforming modular accessory mask with a textured surface made of n-shaped pyramids and/or n-shaped tetrahedra, where:

a) coating module of a deforming modular accessory mask with a textured surface made of n-shaped pyramids;

b) coating modulus of a deforming modular accessory mask with a textured surface made of n-shaped tetrahedra.

The installation of the proposed utility model on the surface of the AMSE, for example, on wheeled military vehicles, in practice is carried out in factory stationary conditions and is carried out sequentially in 4 stages as follows.

At the 1st stage, next to the VVST shop located in the workshop, removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 with solid-cast grooves 10 are assembled, structurally forming hollow cells (see Fig. 1, Fig. 5).

At the same time, at the beginning, a row of lower flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 with connecting nuts 14 soldered into flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 are laid out on a flat surface parallel to each other at a distance from each other on one of the sides of the hollow cell (see Fig. 5).

After that, for the constructive formation of hollow cells, on a row of lower flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 laid out on a flat surface parallel to each other, from above, at an angle of 90 °, sequentially, a row of upper flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 with nozzles welded on top of the tapes with internal threads are superimposed 18 (see Fig. 5). Further, the lower and upper rows of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 laid out on a flat surface are alternately fastened together by bolted connections 19 from the side of the lower flat polymeric flexible tapes 1, with the formation of hollow cells (see Fig. 5). At the same time, the removable-detachable properties of flat polymeric flexible tapes are ensured by structurally interconnected individual elements of tapes 1, interconnected by assembly operations that are in functional and constructive unity, due to the presence of bolted connections 19, union nuts 23, nozzles with internal thread 18, threaded rods (studs) 13 welded to the surface of the masked VVST 10 (see Fig. 3, 5).

At the 2nd stage, on the removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 assembled together, structurally forming hollow cells, on the top row of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1, side solid grooves of polymeric flexible tapes 9 are installed on the sides of each cell (see Fig. 3, 5 ).

At the same time, the side solid grooves of polymeric flexible tapes 9 are installed with a vertical shelf perpendicular to the plane of the upper row of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 along the axis of their symmetry, combining interrupted holes 21 with linings with internal threads 18 of the upper row of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1. Moreover, side solid the grooves of polymeric flexible tapes 9 are fixed to the top row of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 through the corresponding holes in the upper row of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 coaxially located with rectangular holes 22 in the vertical shelves of the side solid grooves of polymeric flexible tapes 9 using threaded connections formed by bolts 16 , washers 17, saddle-type U-shaped cage nuts 20 (see Fig. 5).

At stage 3, removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 assembled together are installed on the surface of the masked AME, structurally forming hollow cells with side solid grooves of polymer flexible tapes 9 installed on the sides of each cell (see Fig. 3, 5).

At the same time, removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 assembled together, structurally forming hollow cells with side solid-cast grooves of polymeric flexible tapes 9 installed on the sides of each cell, are laid on the surface of the VVST and attached with union nuts 23 of bolted connections 19 to threaded rods (stud ) 13, welded to the surface of the masked VVST 10 (see Fig. 3, 5).

At the 4th stage, the installation of three-layer coating modules of the deforming modular mask-accessory with filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids 2 in each individual hollow cell with internal double-sided on the sides of each cell integrally cast grooves of polymer flexible tapes 9 (see Fig. 1-5 ).

At the same time, the coating modules with the filling material in the form of cone-shaped pyramids 2 are sequentially built into the internal double-sided, on the sides of each cell, integrally lateral cast grooves 9 until the surface of the camouflage coating is formed and finally screwed to the bottom row of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 with clamps-limiters 3 with washers-brackets 15 to ensure the immobility of the modules in the cells and the integrity of the entire coating (see Fig. 5).

Moreover, to ensure the possibility of changing the silhouette of the deforming modular mask-accessory, along the perimeter of its outer contour (see Fig. 1), the coating modules are made in the form of removable-detachable retractable flat modules of a three-layer coating 4, tightly inserted into the side integrally cast grooves of polymer flexible tapes 9 (see Figs. 1, 2b, 4).

To change the external shape (appearance) of the specific unmasking sign of belonging to a specific type of camouflaged military military equipment, according to a pre-designed structural scheme of a deforming modular mask-accessory fixed on the surface, along the perimeter of its outer contour, the stoppers of the limiters built into them 11, fixed around the perimeter of each flat module, are extended until they stop three-layer coating 4 and are fixed to the surface of the VVST welded to the retainers-limiters 11 lugs 12 (see Fig. 1, 2b).

The reliability of holding the coating modules 2 in each hollow cell from sagging (longitudinal-transverse bending) is ensured by the direct rigidity of the first lower continuous layer of material filling the coating modules, made of foamed organosilicon polymer 6 5 mm thick, impregnated with electrically conductive nanodispersed graphite, to the lower plane of which a flexible the basis of the coating module, made in the form of a continuous metallized fiberglass 8 (see Fig. 2, 3, 4, 5).

The reliability of holding the modules of the coating 2 in each hollow cell from longitudinal-transverse displacement is ensured, on the one hand, by its fixed rigidly clamped retention by internal double-sided on the sides of each cell, one-piece cast grooves 9 (see Fig. 2, 3), and on the other hand, screwed to the bottom row of flat polymeric flexible tapes 1 with clamps-limiters for fastening three-layer coating modules with filling material to a removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tape 1 (see Fig. 3, 5).

The implementation of the claimed utility model of a deforming modular accessory mask installed on the surface of a mobile or stationary military equipment located on the ground is carried out in practice as follows.

Detection of camouflaged military equipment on the ground by technical means of reconnaissance (TCP) is carried out by the intensity of the signal reflected from a military object in the direction of the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object", characterized by the values of the contrasts between the camouflaged military object and the surrounding background of the area simultaneously in the visible, IR and radar ranges of the spectrum EMW length.

With the beginning of the process of TCP detection of the location on the ground of a camouflaged single military facility in the coverage area of reconnaissance TCPs, the AMSE is irradiated with a deforming modular accessory mask installed on its outer surface, which reduces contrasts in terms of specific unmasking features and signs of activity in the process of AMSE operation to the required probabilities of not detecting it on the ground.

Functionally, during reconnaissance, the signal reflected towards the source of radiation in the direction of the line of sight "reconnaissance facility-object" is reduced due to the physical and technical properties of the filling materials of the coating modules, thereby ensuring a timely reduction in the effective dispersion area of the masked AMSE located behind the coating to specific effective scattering area of the surrounding terrain with a simultaneous decrease in the contrasts of the masked military object relative to the surrounding background terrain in the visible and IR ranges of the EMW length spectrum.

At the same time, in contrast to the well-known technical solution "Camouflage Coating" [7] chosen as a prototype, the achievement of the claimed technical result, namely the expansion of functionality and the increase in performance characteristics of a deforming modular mask-accessory installed on the surface of a mobile or permanently located on the ground VVST, in practice, during its operation in conditions of high and low temperatures of the ambient air (from T _w.c = -50 ° C to T _{w. c} = -50 ° C) with a minimum relative humidity (W≤15%) can carried out due to structurally linked and interconnected separate modules of the coating, made of cone-shaped pyramids with the location of their faces at an angle of 10 ° to the base of the modules of the coating with the tops of the pyramids oriented to the incident electromagnetic wave, which provide a deviation from the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object "with simultaneous shielding of electromagnetic radiation reflected from camouflaged mobile or stationary military equipment located on the ground, due to the radio absorbing properties of the three-layer coating modules of the deforming modular mask-accessory with the filling material in the complex reinforcing the camouflage effect, which reduces the detection and recognition of camouflaged military equipment by reconnaissance equipment at the same time in visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of the deforming modular accessory mask was carried out by calculation and experiment, based on the condition of not detecting a moving object in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum [8].

It was found that the adaptive control of the physical parameters of the spectral characteristics and structural and functional indicators in the developed versions of experimental samples of the material of the three-layer module of the deforming modular mask-accessory simultaneously in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum can be provided:

- in the visible range of the EMW length spectrum, due to camouflage protective or deforming coloring of the second layer of the filling material of the coating module, made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene to match the color and structure of the natural grass cover of the surrounding background of the area, which reduces the brightness contrast between the surface of the object and the surrounding the background of the area, which makes it difficult to identify it by means of intelligence [1,2].

At the same time, light stabilization in time of the spectral luminance coefficients (SQF) of dyes or pigments used to color the filling material of the coating module made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene in the studied physical and climatic conditions of the ambient air (from T _w.s. = +50 °C to T _w.c = -50°C, with a minimum relative humidity W _w.c. ≤15%) in the process of modeling their operation is achieved due to the newly developed composition of the silver cation hydrosol in aqueous dispersion introduced into the composition of pigments and dyes [ 9].

In the IR range of the EMW length spectrum, due to shielding and scattering of thermal radiation reflected from the filling material, made in the form of a three-layer module of a deforming modular mask-accessory (see Fig. 2), towards the reconnaissance equipment receiver and thereby reducing thermal contrast between the object and the background of the area.

According to the schematic diagram of the physical model of the operation of the heat-absorbing coating module in the IR range of the EMW length spectrum, the interaction of thermal radiation with a three-layer module of the heat-absorbing coating was presented in the form of four vectors. To solve this physical problem, an equation for the balance of thermal radiation was compiled

where E ₁ - thermal radiation from the object;

E ₂ - re-reflection of thermal radiation;

E ₃ - absorption of thermal radiation;

E ₄ - thermal radiation passing through the plate.

The solution of this equation made it possible to determine the degree of reduction in the thermal visibility of the vertical surface of an object shielded by a filling material made in the form of a three-layer module of a deforming modular accessory mask.

по установленному критерию не обнаружения военного объекта в ИК диапазоне спектра длин ЭМВ выполняется в строго установленном процессе экранирования, поглощения и рассеивания моделируемого теплового излучения замаскированного военного объекта;Calculations performed with a temperature contrast of the simulated military facility and the environment from 15°C to 20°C, relative air humidity ( _Ws ≤15%), radiation source temperature 65-75°C and the location of the object against a vegetative background with T _rf = 12 -15°C indicate no detection conditions

according to the established criterion of not detecting a military object in the IR range of the length spectrum, EMW is performed in a strictly established process of screening, absorption and dispersion of the simulated thermal radiation of a masked military object;

- in the radar range of the EMW length spectrum, due to complex real-time regulation:

firstly, the frequency dispersion in the electrically conductive materials of filling the three-layer module of the deforming modular mask-accessory and the effective dielectric constant of the three-layer material, made in the form of the first lower continuous layer of the filling material with coating modules made of foamed silicone polymer with a layer thickness of 5.0 mm, and the second layer filling material for the coating module in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene with a pile height of 5.0 mm and a flexible base for the coating module in the form of a solid metallized fiberglass, which together provide attenuation of the EMW intensity of the reflected signal in a given frequency range of 2-40 GHz from 5.0 dB up to 13.5 dB, with the studied parameters of the radiophysical properties of a three-layer material, which is confirmed by the results of laboratory experimental studies in accordance with the "Methodology for measuring the modulus of the reflection coefficient of radio absorbing materials and coatings" of MI "VECTOR-A".

The surface resistivity of the first lower continuous layer of filling material 5 of coating modules 2 (see Fig. 1, 2) and the second layer of filling material 6 of coating modules 2 (see Fig. 1, 2) was measured according to GOST R 53734.2.3-2021 " Methods for determining the electrical resistance of solid flat materials used to prevent the accumulation of electrical charge.

With the ingredients of the thickness of 5 mm of the first lower continuous layer of the filling material made of a foamed organosilicon polymer impregnated with electrically conductive nanodispersed graphite with the possibility of water absorption by volume of 1.5%, its surface resistivity of 50 Ohm is achieved, and with the ingredients of the second layer of the filling material made of in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene with a density of 15-20 stitches per dm ² of coating and a pile height of 5 mm with colloidal nanodispersed graphite sprayed onto its surface, a surface resistivity of 600 ohms is provided.

Secondly, the reflection from the electrically conductive materials of filling the three-layer module of the deforming modular mask-accessory, falling EMW in the direction, from the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object", providing a decrease in the effective dispersion area (ESR, m ² ) of the simulated military object.

It is known [10] that the effective scattering area (EPR, ^m2 ) of a metal plate at a perpendicular incidence of a wave on it can be calculated by the formula

where a is the length of the plate;

b=- plate height;

λ=- wavelength.

If the wave is incident at an angle α, the RCS can be calculated as [10]

In FIG. Figure 7 shows a graph of the EPR of a metal plate depending on the angle of deviation α from the line of sight "reconnaissance means - object" of an incident electromagnetic wave in the radar range of the EMW wavelength spectrum [10].

From shown in FIG. 7 of the graph, it can be seen that when the incident EMW in the radar range of the EMW length spectrum deviates from the line of sight "reconnaissance facility - object" by an angle of more than 10 °, the EPR of the test sample of a three-layer electrically conductive material with the claimed physical and technical parameters of the surface resistivity decreases sharply, and from 40 ° to 90° - tends to zero.

Thus, in the claimed utility model, the possibility has been established, which consists in simplifying the design and increasing the camouflage properties of the deforming modular mask-accessory from ground, air and space reconnaissance equipment during its operation from T _v.s. \u003d + 50 ° C to T _w.s. =-50°C relative humidity (W _w.c. ≤15%), providing a decrease in the level of reflected electromagnetic radiation away from the line of sight "reconnaissance facility - object" of electromagnetic radiation reflected from cone-shaped pyramids while shielding reflected from masked mobile or stationary electromagnetic radiation located on the ground, due to its adaptively controlled physical parameters of the spectral characteristics and structural and functional indicators to achieve the required masking effect simultaneously in the visible, IR and RL ranges of the EMW length spectrum.

Information sources:

1. Efimov V.A., Kolchevsky V.E. Chermashentsev S.G. Disguise. Part I. Fundamentals and techniques of disguise. Textbook. - M.: VIA, 1971. - S. 221 - 254, 273, 274.

2. Efimov V.A., Kolchevsky V.E. Chermashentsev S.G. Disguise. Part I. Fundamentals and techniques of disguise. Textbook. - M.: VIA, 1971. - S. 43-147.

3. "Object masking device" Patent RU No. 2693052 C1 dated 04/09/2018, class IPC F41H3 / 00.

4. "Universal camouflage and protective shelter for a vehicle" Patent RU No. 2478899 C2 dated November 17, 2011, class F41H3 / 00.

5. "Individual deforming mask for a moving object." Patent RU No. 2217683 C1 dated May 17. 2002 according to the IPC class F41H3 / 00.

6. "Deforming mask - accessory" Patent RU No. 150222 U1 dated September 15, 2014, class IPC F41H3 / 00.

7. "Camouflage coating" Patent RU No. 206354 U1 dated December 28, 2020, class IPC F41H3 / 00 - prototype.

8. Fundamentals of protection against technical intelligence: study guide / Yu.K. Menshakov. - M.: Publishing house of MSTU im. N.E. Bauman 2011, 478 p.

9. "Method of obtaining dyed textile materials treated with a hydrosol of silver cations, with a complex of light-stabilizing, antimicrobial and antitoxic properties" Patent RU No. 2640925 C1 dated September 19, 2016, class A61K 33/38, B82B 3/00, A61K 31/60 , A61L 15/48, B01D 39/08.

10. Denisov V.P. Radio engineering systems: textbook, manual for students of radio engineering specialties of higher educational institutions / V.P. Denisov, B.P. Dudko. - Tomsk 2012. - 334 p.

Claims (2)

1. A deforming modular accessory mask containing a flexible base and a fill material fixed on its surface in the form of interconnected coating layers with different resistivity, made of n-separate coating modules interconnected along the perimeter by removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes , structurally forming hollow cells, in which coating modules are built-in, fixed in each individual cell by internal double-sided one-piece cast grooves on the sides of each cell and screwed to the bottom row of flat polymeric flexible tapes with retainers-limiters, while the flexible base of the coating module is made in the form of a solid fiberglass, to the surface of which the first lower continuous layer of filling material is glued, made of foamed organosilicon polymer impregnated with electrically conductive nanodispersed graphite, to the front upper part of which is attached the second layer of filling material, made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene with a density of 15-20 stitches per dm ² coatings with colloidal nanodispersed graphite sprayed onto its surface, and having a camouflage color, while for fastening the camouflage coating to the surface of a military facility, bolted connections with union nuts are screwed to the base of the flexible tapes, with the possibility of connection with threaded rods welded on the surface of a military facility (pins), characterized in that n-separate three-layer coating modules, interconnected along the perimeter by removable-detachable flat polymeric flexible tapes, structurally forming hollow cells, are made with linear dimensions of the module 50×50 cm ² corresponding to the resolution of the airborne equipment. and space reconnaissance in the radar range of the electromagnetic wave spectrum, and the first lower continuous layer of material for filling hollow cells with n-separate three-layer coating modules, made of foamed organosilicon polymer impregnated with electrically conductive nanodispersed graphite, with a surface resistivity of 50 Ohm, a thickness of 5 mm in in the form of cone-shaped pyramids with the faces of the cone-shaped pyramids located at an angle of 10° to the base of the modules covering the surface of the object with the tops of the pyramids oriented towards the incident electromagnetic wave, while the second layer of filling material of the three-layer coating module is made in the form of an artificial grass lawn made of polypropylene with a density of 15-20 stitches per dm ² of the coating and a pile height of 5 mm with colloidal nanodispersed graphite sprayed onto its surface, providing a surface resistivity of the second upper coating layer of 600 Ohm, glued to the front surface of the faces of the pyramids, and the flexible base of the three-layer coating module is made in the form of a solid metallized fiberglass, glued from the bottom of the cone-shaped modules of the coating, and to provide the possibility of changing the silhouette of the deforming modular mask-accessory, along the perimeter of its outer contour, the modules of the coating are made in the form of removable and detachable retractable flat modules of a three-layer coating, tightly inserted into one-piece molded grooves of polymeric flexible tapes. 2. Deforming modular mask-accessory according to claim 1, characterized in that the three-layer coating modules, fixed in each individual hollow cell with internal double-sided one-piece cast grooves on the sides of each cell and screwed to the bottom row of flat polymeric flexible tapes with retainers-limiters, are made in the form of a coating module with a textured surface made of n-shaped pyramids and/or n-shaped tetrahedra.

Images