RU2179511C1 - Amber article manufacture method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of articles from natural stones. SUBSTANCE: method involves profiling and lining portion of amber stone with elastic film, for example polymer thermally stable film, by vacuum packaging method; charging amber portion into mold. EFFECT: simplified method and increased efficiency. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the production of artistic, decorative and technical products from natural amber by pressing amber amber mainly small fractions.

A known method of pressing amber, carried out in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen at a temperature of 150 - 170 ^o With a force of longitudinal pressing of 7-15 kg (A. S. 1283106, MKI B 28 D 5/00, publ. 15.01.87, BI 2 )

 The method ensures the preservation of the decorative properties of the original amber and increases the coefficient of its use.

 The disadvantage of this method, limiting the scope of its use, is the anisotropy of the properties of amber products, due to the nature of the pressure distribution during longitudinal pressing of the loaded raw materials.

Closest to the proposed method in technical essence and the achieved result is a method for producing amber products from amber flour modified with phenosan-28 by injection molding of 60 - 80 kgf / cm ² and holding time under pressure of 1-3 minutes. (A.S. 1479482, MKI C 09 F 1/04, publ. 05/15/89, BI 18).

A significant drawback of the method, limiting the scope of its application to the production of relatively small jewelry, such as beads, bracelet plates, brooches, is the need to use relatively high (60 - 80 kgf / cm ² ) pressures and mold temperatures (180 - 220 ^o С) necessary for extruding (extrusion) of amber raw materials into the forming cavity of the matrix, which complicates and increases the cost of production.

 The problem to which the invention is directed, is to obtain amber products by extruding amber into closed mold-forming cavities of a matrix at specific pressing pressures and mold temperatures much lower than in the method taken as a prototype.

 The solution to this problem is achieved by the fact that before loading a portion of amber, it is lined with an elastic, for example, polymer, heat-resistant film by vacuum packaging, and amber is extruded into the mold cavity of the matrix by plastic deformation of the lined blank.

The accompanying graphic materials presents one of the possible structural options for the device for implementing the proposed method:
- FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a cylindrical shape with an inserted bag of polymer film and a portion of the amber mixture filled with it;
- FIG. 2 - the same, the upper part of the package is inserted into the gap between the welding electrodes;
- figure 3 - device for pressing the product in the working position (the press is at the top);
- figure 4 - the same, the press is in its lower position;
- figure 5 - the finished product.

The following notations are used on the graphic materials presented:
1 - welding tool; 2 - air flow; 3 - polymer bag; 4 - a portion of amber raw materials; 5 - form for profiling lined blanks; 6 - pressing punch; 7 - the upper part of the matrix; 8 - the lower part of the matrix; 9 - shape-forming cavity of the matrix; 10 - base plate; 11 - finished product.

 The method was carried out as follows. A bag 3 made of an EVA polymer film was inserted into a cylindrical glass 5 (FIG. 1), into which a portion of a mixture of powdered phenosan-28 and amber flour - 1% phenosan and 99% amber flour (wt.%) Was poured.

 The upper part of the packet protruding beyond the edges of the cup was inserted into the gap between the welding electrodes 1, after which it was blown with air from the fan so that the air flow covered the outer side of the neck of the packet from both sides.

In this case, an ejection process was carried out, as a result of which air was removed from the bag, after which the packaging was sealed by heat sealing (Fig. 2). Thus obtained blank 4 becomes pliable and suitable for any kind of plastic deformation. After that, the workpiece 4 was removed from the cup 5 and placed in a mold heated to a temperature of 130 ^o C, formed by the upper 7 and lower 8 parts of the matrix, mounted on a support plate 10 mounted on a press frame model PV-2000 (not shown in the diagrams) .

From above, a punch 6 was inserted into the matrix 7, mounted on a press traverse, with the help of which plastic deformation of the coated workpiece was carried out by extruding it into the closed mold-forming cavity 9 of the mold (Fig. 4). After holding under pressure for 3 minutes at a specific pressing pressure of 20 kgf / cm ^{2, the} punch was lifted, the mold was disassembled and the finished product 11 was removed (Fig. 5). In this case, the transparent elastic film 3 can be left on the product, because it does not affect its decorative qualities, but if necessary, it can be removed mechanically, for example, when polishing the product.

Compared with the known technical solutions, the proposed method for producing amber products by pressing allows to obtain relatively large products from amber at much lower (20 kgf / cm ² ) specific pressing and shaping pressures, as well as at lower temperatures (130 ^o C).

 The amber utilization rate is also increasing. The resulting products have a high density, dielectric constant and translucency.

 Vacuum packaging of blanks can also be performed on modern vacuum-packing machines and apparatuses.

Claims (1)

A method of manufacturing amber products, including loading amber raw materials of predominantly small fractions into the working cavity of the mold, heated to a temperature of at least 130 ^o C, pressing and plastic deformation of amber with its extrusion into the mold cavity of the matrix, isothermal exposure of amber under compression pressure and removal from molds of the finished product, characterized in that before loading amber portions into the mold, they are shaped and faced with an elastic, for example, polymer, heat-resistant film by the vacuum method smart packaging, and extruding amber into the forming cavity of the matrix is carried out by plastic deformation of the lined blank.

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