RU217751U1 - Container - Google Patents

Abstract

The claimed utility model relates to packaging, and in particular to a container designed for placement, storage and transportation of industrial products for various purposes, and can be used in the chemical, automotive and other industries when transported by land and water. The container contains side and end walls 16, 17, made of boards of wood-based material, made with the possibility of flexible fastening to each other with the formation of a box 2. At the same time, the box 2 is made with the possibility of fixing on a pallet 1, consisting of an upper and lower platform, fixed on longitudinal supporting elements 4 beam type. Longitudinal support elements 4 of the beam type are made with a variable height of the cross section H, while the minimum height h1 of each longitudinal support element of the beam type is at least 2.2 times the height h of the lower or upper platform of the pallet. The achieved technical result is to increase the bearing capacity of the container.

Description

Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

This utility model relates to packaging, and in particular to a container designed for placement, storage and transportation of industrial products for various purposes, and can be used in the chemical, automotive and other industries when transported by land and water.

State of the art

Container is the basic transportation or storage unit used in transport logistics. Modern industry manufactures several types of containers from various materials, which should ensure the safe transportation of goods by one or more modes of transport. A container is known from the prior art (RF patent No. 136790 for the utility model "CONTAINER (OPTIONS)", 09/06/2013, IPC B65D 6/14 (2006.01), B65D 6/16 (2006.01), including a pallet, side and end walls made from wood-based panels (mainly from wood-layered), detachably fastened together to form a box, and a lid. On its two opposite walls, and along the perimeter of the loading platform of the pallet, box shift limiters with grooves are fixed. the elements of the side and end walls are made in the form of hinged collapsible hinges connected by a removable axle. The connecting elements of the side and end walls are made with the possibility of forming an interlocking groove-latch, while the connecting elements of one of the sides of the side wall contain a groove, and the connecting elements of the other adjacent end wall - a latch, made with the possibility of its introduction into the specified groove and subsequent bending at castle formation.

The disadvantage of the known container is the following: in the production process of the box details (end and side walls), in the case of an irrational cut of unified sheet formats of plates produced according to industry standards, a significant proportion of waste made from wood-laminated materials is formed.

A container is known from the prior art (RF patent No. 167189 for the utility model "CONTAINER", 07.12.2015, IPC B65D 6/14, B65D 6/16), including a pallet, side walls made of wood-laminated boards and forming in the assembled position a box, a box shift limiter, while the said side walls are detachably fastened together by means of connecting elements, the thickness of the side walls is 5-15 mm, the tensile strength of wood-laminated boards in static bending along the fibers of the outer layers is at least 35 MPa. The box shift limiter can be made of an angle profile or from segments of an angle profile and fixed along the perimeter of the pallet loading platform. Also, the box shift limiter can be made in the form of a set of paired connecting elements with the possibility of forming slot-latch lock joints, the first elements of the paired connecting elements being provided with at least one groove and fixed along the perimeter of the pallet loading platform, and the second elements are clamps and fixed at the bottom of the side walls of the box. In this case, the first elements of the paired connecting elements can be profiles with grooves made in them. The side walls of the container can be fastened together by means of connecting elements made in the form of hinged loops connected by a removable axis, or elements made in the form of a set of paired connecting elements with the possibility of forming groove-latch lock joints, the first elements of the paired connecting elements being provided with at least one groove and fixed along the edge of one side wall of the box, and the second elements are clamps and fixed along the adjacent edge of the other side wall of the box.

The disadvantage of this device is the large material consumption of the container, resulting in a high weight of the container itself and a reduced payload of products when using it.

- образного профиля из тонколистового прокатного металла.A container is known (RF patent No. 151838 for the utility model "CONTAINER", 09/18/2014, IPC B65D 6/14), including a pallet, side and end walls made of wood material boards detachably fastened together to form a box, and a lid. The walls are equipped with flexible connecting elements that are joined to each other during installation. On the upper edges of the box there are support bars hinged on its two opposite walls, and along the perimeter of the loading platform of the pallet there are box shift limiters with grooves. In the lower part of the indicated walls of the box, there are fixators protruding downward from the lower faces of the latter, responding to the grooves of the shear limiters and made with the possibility of forming a locking groove-latch connection. Flexible connecting elements are made in the form of a non-separable

- shaped profile from thin-sheet rolled metal.

In addition, a container is known from the prior art (see RF utility model patent No. 189209 for the utility model "CONTAINER", 01/16/2019, IPC B65D 6/14), including a pallet, side and end walls made of wood-based panels of material, flexibly fastened together to form a box, on the loading platform of the pallet, plate shift limiters of the box with grooves are fixed on both sides, and in the lower part of the walls of the box, clamps are fixed protruding downward from the lower edges of the walls and made with the possibility of forming a locking groove-latch connection , on the other two sides of the pallet loading platform, L-shaped shear stops provided with grooves are installed. This decision was taken as a prototype. However, the main disadvantage of the known container during operation is the change in the bearing capacity of the base due to the increase in the deformation of the transverse support elements of the pallet.

The technical problem solved by the claimed utility model is to increase the bearing capacity of the container pallet, while maintaining the total mass.

Any design must be reliable in operation, economical, manufacturable and safe in operation.

As you know, in the production of structures made of wood materials, profiles of a unified section of edged sawn material are used. The most widespread in the production of packaging (for example, pallets, coasters, etc.) are finely sized sections with a thickness h up to 100 mm and a width b more than double the thickness, fastened together by well-known methods.

Due to the peculiarities of the structure of wood, one of the criteria for its suitability for use as a structural material is the ultimate strength in transverse bending, which is inversely related to the axial moment of resistance, characterizing the safety and reliability of the product. In addition, the main characteristics of the material also include its rigidity - as an indicator of resistance to deformation, determined by the modulus of elasticity of the material (for wood along the fibers, it is about 20 ... 25 times higher than across the fibers).

These characteristics are taken into account when selecting the dimensions of the cross-sectional area of the structural elements of the package in theoretical calculations for strength at a given load capacity, and are determined by the dependence of the parameters of the width b and thickness h of the cross-section of the most stressed structural element.

In the solution of the prototype design described above, the connection of all elements of a wooden base made of wood material is formed by overlapping longitudinal and transverse planks along the section side b, while in order to increase their tensile strength index, it was necessary to increase the parameters of the thickness h of all elements. This method of solution leads to a weighting of the packaging pallet, and as a result, a decrease in the useful load of the container, since when calculating the allowable contact stress in the elements of the loading platform and cross bars, only the section thickness h is taken into account, which is much less than the width b of the saw material.

Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

The technical result is to increase the carrying capacity of the container.

The technical result is achieved by providing a container containing side and end walls made of boards of wood-based material, made with the possibility of flexible fastening to each other with the formation of a box, while the box is made with the possibility of fixing on a pallet, consisting of upper and lower platforms fixed on the longitudinal support elements of the beam type, in accordance with the claimed utility model, the longitudinal support elements of the beam type are made with a variable height of the cross section H, while the minimum value of the height h1 of each longitudinal support element of the beam type is at least 2.2 values of the height h of the lower or the top platform of the pallet.

Longitudinal beam-type support elements with variable cross-sectional height H can be provided with pads rigidly fixed to them.

Overlays can be made of wood.

Overlays can be made of wood-composite board material.

The pads can be made of polymeric material.

Linings can be made of sheet steel.

The technical result from the use of all the essential features of the utility model due to the use of beam-type longitudinal support elements in the pallet with a variable height H of the cross section with a minimum height h1 of each longitudinal beam-type support element along the side of the cross section, which is at least 2.2 height values h of the lower (or upper) platform, is to reduce the deformation of the pallet structure, which is ensured by an increase in the axial moment of resistance in the most stressed areas, which makes it possible to increase the reliability and safety of the package without reducing the payload of the container.

Brief description of the drawings

The preferred embodiment of the utility model is described below based on the drawings, where:

in fig. 1 shows a general view of the container with plate restrictive elements for fixing the box, perspective view;

in fig. 2 shows a general view of the container with a contour restrictive element for fixing the box, perspective view;

in fig. 3 shows a general view of the pallet with and without an overlay, axonometric view;

in fig. 4 shows a general view of the support element of the beam type with an overlay, axonometric view.

Implementation of the utility model

The container shown in Fig. 1 and 2, includes a pallet 1 and a box 2 installed on it.

Tray 1 shown in Fig. 2 comprises an upper flat platform 3 of solid (for example, plywood board) or lattice (for example, wooden laths) filling, overlapped on the longitudinal support elements 4 of the beam type. The height of the elements of the upper flat platform 3 of the pallet is equal to h, and the thickness is b. The longitudinal support elements 4 of the beam type are made of wood-composite plate material, installed parallel to each other and located along one of the sides of the container, forming a right angle to the largest side face of the upper platform 3 of the pallet 1 (see Fig. 3, 4). The lower faces of the longitudinal supporting elements 4 of the beam type are interconnected by transverse strips 8, forming the lower support platform of the pallet 1, designed to provide longitudinal rigidity of the structure and reduce the point load on the supporting surface of the floor of the cargo vehicle. The height of the transverse bars 8 of the bottom support pad of the pallet is h and the thickness is b.

To ensure the capture of the pallet 1 from any of its sides by the forks of warehouse equipment, in each of the longitudinal supporting elements 4 of the beam type, on the largest side face, a pair of technological openings 5 are made, predominantly rectangular in shape, spaced apart from each other. The execution of technological openings 5 in the longitudinal support elements 4 of the beam type provides a variable height of the cross section H of these elements 4. The minimum value of the height h1 of each longitudinal support element 4 of the beam type along the side H of the cross section is at least 2.2 values of the height h of the transverse strips 8 , forming the bottom platform of the pallet, or the height h of the top 3 platform of the pallet.

In order to increase the bearing capacity and resistance to elastic deformation of the upper cargo area 3, the longitudinal support elements 4 of the beam type with a variable cross-sectional height H can be provided with overlays 6 made of the same type or another material (for example, polymer material, metal strips, plywood boards, Chipboard, etc.). Lining 6 to give greater rigidity attached to the longitudinal support elements 4 of the beam type along the largest vertical edges, having a height H, by a well-known method of fastening (for example, adhesive, nail, etc.). The figure 4 shows one of the options for fastening the lining 6 to the element 4 by means of nails 7. The configuration of the side profile of the lining 6 (see Fig. 4) is made identical to the profile of the longitudinal supporting elements 4 of the beam type.

On the upper platform 3, in order to ensure a reliable connection of the pallet 1 with the box 2 and increase the rigidity of the lower part of the box 2, fixing and restrictive elements 13, 14 can be installed, made in the form of an annular frame 9 of butt-connected and/or overlapped with longitudinal 10 and transverse 11 profiled planks of square and/or rectangular cross section made of wood material and/or in the form of an L-shaped profile 13 made of metal.

In addition, as fixing and restrictive elements and ensuring a permanent connection of the pallet 1 with the box 2, on the horizontal edges of the cargo area 3 of the pallet 1, auxiliary elements can be fixed in the form of separately located plates 14 oriented along the side face of the outer longitudinal support element 4 of the beam type.

These elements can be made with grooves formed by flat pressing cutting, and are intended for positioning and fixing the walls of the box 2 by combining the reciprocal tabs of the retainers 15 of the side walls 16 and the end walls 17 of the box 2, thus forming a rigid locking connection.

Rolled sheet metal is used as a material for fixing and restrictive elements.

The connection and fixation of all these elements of the pallet 1 is carried out by a well-known method of fastening (for example, by means of nails, staples, etc.).

The box 2 is assembled from side and end walls 16, 17, made of boards of wood-laminated material, mainly plywood, or particle boards. The connection of the walls of the box with each other is ensured by flexible one-piece connecting elements 18 made of sheet steel. The side and end walls 16, 17 of the box 2 can be connected using detachable clamps 15, distributed on the vertical edge of the end wall 17, the tongues of which interact with the grooves of the element 18, made of sheet metal rolled L-shaped cross-section and fixed on the outer edge of the vertical edge of the side wall 16 in a well-known way (for example, by pressing, or through the use of standard fasteners).

The connection and fixation of all these elements of the box 2 is carried out by a well-known method of fastening (for example, by pressing, using rivets, nails, etc.).

The assembly of the container is carried out in the following order.

The box 2 is installed on the pallet 1 and the tongues of the clamps 15 of the side and end walls 16, 17 are combined with the grooves of the fixing and restrictive elements 13, 14 of the pallet 1, after which they are jointly bent with a percussion tool until a rigid one-piece connection is formed. To optimize the territory of warehouse storage, as well as the implementation of tiered transportation of the container, removable support structures are provided in the form of a frame cover 20, shown in FIG. 2, or folding support bar 21 shown in figure 1, made of wood, polymer material.

After loading the cargo into the container, the container is prepared to ensure the safety of the cargo during transportation, as well as long-term storage of stacked containers in warehouses on the territory of the consumer by covering with several vertical and horizontal bands of stripping tape.

The proposed design of the container is easy to manufacture, easy to assemble, reliable and safe in operation, made of unified edged materials, by increasing the minimum height (h1 _min = 2.2×h) in the most loaded places of the longitudinal support elements 4 of the beam type and pallet in general, it allows to provide the necessary rigidity (when using elements of the same section, the increase in strength is 25%) of the frame structure of the pallet, thereby increasing the load capacity of the container by 17%.

Due to the peculiarities of the structure of wood, one of the criteria for its suitability for use as a structural material is the ultimate strength in transverse bending, which is inversely related to the axial moment of resistance, characterizing the safety and reliability of the product. In addition, the main characteristics of the material also include its rigidity - as an indicator of resistance to deformation, determined by the modulus of elasticity of the material (for wood along the fibers, it is about 20 ... 25 times higher than across the fibers).

These characteristics are taken into account when selecting the dimensions of the cross-sectional area of the structural elements of the package in theoretical calculations for strength at a given load capacity, and are determined by the dependence of the parameters of the width b and thickness h of the cross-section of the most stressed structural element.

Expert assessments based on the results of control and verification tests of prototypes of the container with a maximum load of over 12,000 kgf confirmed the correctness of the chosen design solutions, which ensured the specified strength and rigidity with the lowest possible tare weight.

The possibility of implementing the claimed container is beyond doubt and is confirmed by the currently developed technological maps, and is easily implemented using standard equipment.

In addition, tests were carried out to determine the breaking load for the container in accordance with GOST 18211-2018 (method 1). During the test, the load was applied perpendicular to the lid of the container and the upper surface of the pallet 1 of the container UFK (UFK - universal plywood container). The breaking load test was carried out on three samples of a container measuring 1480×1175×1118 mm and weighing 68.5 kg. The walls of the container box are made of plywood according to GOST 3916.1-2018 with a thickness of 9 mm. The results of testing the samples of the container for breaking load are presented below in table 1.

Table 1. No. p / p Index Normative documents Sample No. Test result 1 Breaking load, kgf GOST 18211-2018 Sample #1 15274 Sample #2 13446 Sample #3 16316

Claims (6)

1. A container containing side and end walls made of boards of wood-based material, made with the possibility of flexible fastening to each other to form a box, while the box is made with the possibility of fixing on a pallet, consisting of an upper and lower platform, fixed on longitudinal support elements of the beam type, characterized in that the longitudinal supporting elements of the beam type are made with a variable height of the cross section H, while the minimum value of the height h1 of each longitudinal support element of the beam type is at least 2.2 heights h of the lower or upper platform of the pallet. 2. The container according to claim 1, in which the longitudinal support elements of the beam type with a variable cross-sectional height H are provided with pads rigidly fixed to them. 3. The container according to claim 1, in which the linings are made of wood. 4. Container according to claim 1, in which the linings are made of wood-composite board material. 5. The container according to claim 1, in which the linings are made of a polymeric material. 6. Container according to claim 1, in which the linings are made of sheet steel.

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