RU2172190C1 - Laser medical device "crystal" - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment, in particular, laser units, may be used for exposure to laser radiation in different operating conditions of laser sources in surgery, at laser thermal radiation, as well as in therapy. SUBSTANCE: the device has a power unit, microprocessor control unit coupled to it, optical unit connected to the latter and consisting of semi-conductor laser sources radiating in the visible and infra-red spectra. Their light-emitting diodes make up an optical adjustment unit brought together to one fiber, made in the form of a solid cylinder with a polished end, connected to which is a replaceable fiber-optic instrument with a light conduit, whose diameter equals 200 to 400 microns. The power of the laser sources in the visible spectrum does not exceed 5W, and the power of the sources radiating in the infra-red spectrum within 780 to 950 nm and 960 to 1000 nm does not exceed 25W. EFFECT: expanded functional abilities, enhanced convenience in use, simplified construction and enhanced economical efficiency. 8 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to laser installations, and can be used for exposure to laser radiation under various modes of operation of laser sources in surgery, during laser thermal effects, in therapy, and including the use of photosensitizers (photodynamic therapy).

 A laser medical device is known that contains a power supply unit, a microprocessor control unit, semiconductor laser sources emitting in the visible and infrared spectral regions, a fiber-optic converter and a replaceable fiber-optic instrument having a light guide (RU 2122873 C1 10.12.98).

 However, this device is intended only for the therapeutic treatment of various diseases by irradiating the desired area with laser radiation at wavelengths of 635-670 nm and 810-840 nm and has an output power of laser diodes in the visible spectral range of up to 20 mW, and in the infrared region up to 99 mW . The device does not allow the use of different wavelengths and infrared ranges in one fiber. The radiation is output to the output fiber with a diameter of at least 600 μm, which makes it impossible to carry out hyperthermia, coagulation and obtain a photodynamic effect.

 The technical result achieved in the invention is to expand the functionality of the device, which can be used both in photodynamic therapy and thermotherapy, and in laser surgery with ease of use, simplicity and cost-effectiveness of the design.

 The specified technical result is achieved due to the fact that in a laser medical device containing a power supply connected to a microprocessor control unit, to which an optical unit is connected, including semiconductor laser sources emitting in the visible and infrared regions of the spectrum, the optical fibers from which are components of the optical the adjustment unit of the fiber-optic transducer, combined into one fiber, made in the form of a dense cylinder with a polished distal end, the output is connected a replaceable fiber-optic instrument having a fiber with a diameter of 200-400 μm, while the power of semiconductor laser sources emitting in the visible region does not exceed 5 W, and the power of semiconductor laser sources emitting in the infrared region in the range of 780-950 nm and 960-1060 nm, does not exceed 25 watts.

 The fiber optic converter may include a gradient lens for refocusing the radiation on the fiber.

 In one embodiment, the polished distal end of the optical alignment unit is connected to the optical fiber of the optical instrument through an optical connector.

 The microprocessor control unit can be configured to provide both separate and joint operation of laser sources in various modes.

 In a preferred embodiment, laser sources are used in the optical unit, emitting in the visible region in the range of 510-580 nm and / or 625-695 nm.

 It is advisable that the laser sources were mounted on a metal radiator with the possibility of air cooling by one or more compact electric fans.

 The optical fiber of a replaceable fiber-optic instrument can be equipped with functional nozzles.

 In a preferred embodiment, the device blocks are placed in a single compact housing, on the front panel of which indicators of exposure modes are located, including an indicator for selecting the channel number, an operating mode indicator, a power indicator, a dose indicator, an operating time indicator, a pulse duration indicator, an interval indicator between pulses, laser light on indicator, pulse counter, health indicator, as well as means for setting radiation parameters: channel setting button, switch buttons cheniya modes, input buttons, power setting button, pulse duration setting button, setup button interval between pulses, the button "start" and "stop" are duplicated remotely using pedals.

 The invention is illustrated in the drawing, which shows a schematic block diagram of a laser medical device.

 The device contains a power supply 1, a microprocessor control unit 2 associated with it, consisting of a signal former 3 and drivers 4-9, to which an optical unit 10 with semiconductor laser sources 11-16 is connected. As laser sources, individual diodes or arrays and / or diode-pumped laser systems with different wavelengths can be used. The control is carried out using the control unit 17 and is controlled by the indicating unit 18. The radiation from the laser sources using the fiber-optic converter 19 is brought together into one fiber and fed to the output directly connected to the interchangeable fiber-optic instrument 20 having a fiber diameter of 200-400 microns. A replaceable fiber-optic instrument allows irradiation and removal of tissues by remote (non-contact), contact, endoscopic and interoperative methods. Semiconductor laser diodes emit at wavelengths of 510-580 nm; 625-695 nm; 780-950 nm; 960-1060 nm, which corresponds to the visible and infrared regions of the spectrum.

 The microprocessor control unit is assembled on programmable logic integrated circuits (FPGAs) "ALTERA" and connected via optocoupler isolation to the driver. The driver contains a digital-to-analog converter and a controller assembled on field-effect transistors, consists of a power amplifier, a current stabilizer, and a feedback circuit stabilizing the output power or wavelength. The software allows you to set the laser control mode, both fixed and user-modifiable.

The maximum power at the output of the fiber in continuous mode or the amplitude of the pulse:
510-580 nm - 3 W
625-695 nm - 5 W
780-950 nm - 25 W
960-1060 nm - 25 W
diameter of the working fiber 200-400 microns type of optical connector SMA
General characteristics:
Discretization of installation of average power and pulse amplitude
for infrared radiation 100 mW
for visible radiation 10 mW
pulse duration 1-1000 m / s
discreteness of setting the pulse duration 1 m / s
interval between pulses 1-300 m / s
discreteness of setting the interval between pulses 1 m / s
irradiation time range 1-60 min
increment of setting the exposure time 1 min
power supply 220 volts, 50 Hz
The units of the device are placed in a single compact case, on the front panel of which indicators of exposure modes are located, including an indicator for selecting the channel number, an operating mode indicator, a power indicator, a dose indicator, an operating time indicator, a pulse duration indicator, an interval between pulses, and an on indicator laser radiation, pulse counter, health indicator and means for setting radiation parameters: channel setting button, mode switching button, input button, setting button oschnosti, pulse width setting buttons, the button setup interval between pulses, the button "Start" and "Stop" are duplicated remotely, via the pedals. All of the above buttons and indicators are associated with the corresponding elements of the microprocessor control unit.

 The device operates as follows. After connecting the power, the operator sets the selected radiation parameters using the appropriate buttons, after which, by pressing the "Start" button or the pedal, an exposure (treatment) session begins, if necessary (for example, when switching to work with more blood-filled tissues), the operator can quickly change the radiation parameters by first lowering the pedal or by pressing the "Stop" button. The device is equipped with emitters of the visible wave range and allows you to visualize the impact area, which is necessary when working with infrared radiation.

 The presence of the above characteristics allows using a device a wide range of influences used in modern medicine, which reduces the number of devices used and increases the useful area of the premises.

 The use of an optical unit for aligning radiation from semiconductor laser sources into a single fiber using a fiber with a diameter of 200-400 μm allows one to obtain a high power density at the output of a replaceable fiber-optic instrument, which is necessary in surgery, at a relatively low power of laser sources, which ensures a low cost of the device. By optimizing the parameters, the speed of the procedures increases, the time required for the operation is reduced, the traumatization of the underlying and surrounding tissues is reduced, and a whole series of new opportunities for combined (alternating) and combined effects appears. The use of a replaceable fiber-optic instrument allows the apparatus to be used in dermatology, oncology, gynecology, urology, gastroenterology, ophthalmology, pulmonology, general surgery, traumatology, dentistry and to carry out photodynamic therapy.

Claims (8)

 1. A laser medical device containing a power supply connected to a microprocessor control unit, to which an optical unit is connected, including semiconductor laser sources emitting in the visible and infrared regions of the spectrum, the optical fibers from which are components of the optical adjustment unit of the fiber-optic converter in one fiber, made in the form of a dense cylinder with a polished distal end, the output connected to a replaceable fiber-optic instrument having the fiber has a diameter of 200-400 microns, while the power of semiconductor laser sources emitting in the visible region does not exceed 5 W, and the power of semiconductor laser sources emitting in the infrared region in the range of 780-950 nm and 960-1060 nm Tue  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the fiber-optic converter contains a gradient lens for refocusing the radiation on the fiber.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the polished distal end of the optical alignment unit is connected to the optical fiber of the optical instrument through an optical connector.  4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the microprocessor control unit is configured to provide both separate and joint operation of laser sources in various modes.  5. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the optical unit uses laser sources emitting in the visible region in the range of 510-580 and / or 625-695 nm.  6. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the laser sources are mounted on a metal radiator with the possibility of air cooling by one or more compact electric fans.  7. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the optical fiber of the interchangeable fiber-optic instrument is equipped with functional nozzles.  8. The device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the blocks of the device are located in a single compact housing, on the front panel of which indicators of exposure modes are located, including an indicator of channel number selection, an operating mode indicator, a power indicator, a dose indicator , an operating time indicator, an indicator of the pulse duration, an indicator of the intervals between pulses, an indicator for turning on the laser radiation, a pulse counter, a health indicator, and also means for setting radiation parameters: channel setting button, opki mode switching, input buttons, power setting button, pulse duration setting button, setup button interval between pulses, the button "Start" and "Stop" are duplicated remotely using pedals.