RU217218U1 - opener - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture. The coulter contains a body, two disks installed at an angle of 18° to each other. Between the disks there is a seed bed profiler, a seed spreader and a roller harrow with spikes for leveling and loosening the surface layer of the sown row, located on the surface of the roller harrow. EFFECT: leveling and loosening of the surface layer of the row behind the coulter for more uniform seed placement in depth and more uniform emergence of seedlings. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to agricultural engineering and can be used for sowing crops.

Known narrow-row coulter having two discs set at an angle of 18° to each other. During operation, the coulter forms two grooves with a row spacing of 7.5 cm, where seeds and fertilizers fall. Seeds moving along the seed tube are divided into two streams with the help of a separating funnel, fixed between the discs under the neck of the coulter body. A spring finger harrow is installed on this opener (Karpenko A.N., Khalansky V.M. Agricultural machines - 5th ed. Revised and added - M .: Kolos, 1983. - S. 141). The disadvantage of the narrow-row coulter is the spring-loaded finger harrow, which increases the resistance of the coulter movement, leaves uneven soil in a row and does not compact the soil enough, which leads to poor seed-to-soil contact.

A known design is a narrow-row double-disk coulter (RU 2427124 C1, publ. 27.08.2011), having a body and two discs mounted at an angle of 18° to each other. Between the disks there is a seed bed profiler and a seed spreader behind it. Behind the coulters, between the rows, there are spring finger harrows for planting seeds with soil. The disadvantage of this design is the insufficient compaction of the sown row, which leads to a long germination of seeds due to poor contact with the soil and excessive evaporation of soil moisture through open soil capillaries, especially on light soils.

A coulter is known (RU 2604918 C2, publ. 12/20/2016), equipped with a roller harrow rotating and moving along the row track, fixed through a figured plate to the coulter body, which is made wide: b ₂ =l,5b ₁ and is installed symmetrically to the vertical axis of the coulter. The surface of the roller is a surface of the second order. The disadvantage of this design is the roller harrow, after which a row is formed, having a compacted and convex surface, which leads to uneven seeding depth.

A coulter is known (RU 209248 U1, publ. 02/09/2022), which consists of a body, two disks installed at an angle of 18 ° to each other, a seed bed profiler, a seed spreader, a roller harrower and a ripper-leveler, consisting of a body and a set pointed plates for leveling and loosening the surface of the row behind the coulter. The disadvantage of this design is the ripper-leveler, the pointed plates of which are subject to deformation and bending does not provide proper alignment and loosening of the row surface, which leads to a violation of the depth of seed placement.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed invention is the unit described in the patent (RU 209248 U1, publ. 02/09/2022), which coincides with it in most essential features and, in accordance with this, was chosen as a prototype.

The purpose of the utility model is to level and loosen the surface layer of the row behind the coulter for more uniform seed placement in depth and more uniform emergence of seedlings. This is achieved by the fact that behind the coulter, along the trail of the sown row, with the help of a bolted connection, a roller harrow with spikes located on its surface is installed.

A coulter containing a housing, two discs installed at an angle of 18° to each other, between the discs there is a seed bed profiler, a seed spreader and a roller harrow with spikes for leveling and loosening the surface layer of the sown row, characterized in that the spikes are located on the surface of the roller harrow .

This technical result will increase the yield of grain crops by leveling and loosening the surface layer of soil above the sown row, which will lead to more uniform seeding in depth and the appearance of more friendly seedlings. This design provides the most complete fulfillment of the agrotechnical requirements of sowing.

In FIG. 1 shows the proposed coulter, side view. The coulter consists of a body 1, two disks 2 located at an angle of 18° to each other, a seed bed profiler 3, a seed spreader 4, a roller harrow with spikes 5 located on its surface.

In FIG. 2 shows a roller harrow with spikes located on its surface, front and side view.

The coulter works as follows.

When the coulter is operating, the disks 2 (Fig. 1) form two grooves with a row spacing of 7.5 cm. From the seed tube, the seed flow enters the diffuser 4. After that, the seed flow is distributed over the entire width of the seed bed and rolled, leveled and loosened with a harrow with spikes 5 located on its surface. The sown strip between the discs is 6.5-7.0 cm.

Claims (1)

A coulter containing a housing, two discs installed at an angle of 18° to each other, between the discs there is a seed bed profiler, a seed spreader and a roller harrow with spikes for leveling and loosening the surface layer of the sown row, characterized in that the spikes are located on the surface of the roller harrow .

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