RU2169345C2 - Safety device of ammunition with inertia fuze - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: safety of supersmall shaped-charge and other ammunition. SUBSTANCE: the safety device has inertia mass 12 with a cylindrical generating line. Mass 12 is installed in cylindrical non-detachable ammunition shell 4 for axial movement. Shell 4 is enveloped by a detachable shell (by wad 3 or directly by a cartridge case). A spring lock serves as the main assembly of the safety device. It has radial hole 16 in inertia mass 12, hole 19 in shell 4 aligned with it and distance springs 17,18, members 20, 21(pins or balls) built in them. The latters are positioned with an overlap of hole 19 completely and hole 16 partially, preventing axial movement of inertia mass 12 at an overlap of hole 19 by detachable shell 3 (or 2). At a detachment of the latter from bullet 1 the lock gets disengaged by automatic removal of members 20, 21 under the action of springs 17,18. EFFECT: enhanced reliability and compactness of the safety device. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to ammunition (cartridges), mainly ultra-small cumulative, and is intended as a stage of protection against premature fuse operation.

 A number of technical solutions are known for creating new means of destruction, mainly lightly armored targets - ultra-small cumulative ammunition (ACS) in the terminology proposed by the authors [1, 2].

 Design options for SKB provide for the presence of several stages of fuse protection, while both head contact and bottom inertial fuses are used. At the same time, one of the requirements for SKB is the maximum simplification of the design while maintaining sufficient reliability.

 A safety device of an ammunition with an inertial fuse containing an inertial mass with a cylindrical generatrix, mounted in a cylindrical inseparable shell of the munition with the possibility of axial movement during the interaction of the munition with an obstacle, a spring clip and a detachable shell of the munition, covering the shell with an inseparable clamp, together with the spring inertial mass until its separation [2].

 In the known device, the inertial mass is made of a washer-like, two-layer (sequentially installed initiating capsule charge and the metal inertial mass proper), with peripheral grooves longitudinally arranged, in which arc-shaped plate springs are installed, with their end fixing the inertial mass and the other connected to the detachable shell through the plumage tail stabilizer, while the grooves, leaf springs and plumage form the specified spring clip, which automatically releases it is separated during separation of the shell due to the release of the ends of the springs interacting with the plumage.

 Firstly, such a safety device is available only in the version of the munition with tail. Secondly, the presence of an "intermediary" - tail unit in the interaction of the spring with a detachable shell reduces the reliability of the safety device. Thirdly, with the latch off (with the shell removed), the inner end of the spring continues to remain in the zone of the inertial mass working stroke, which also reduces the reliability of the device. Fourth, leaf springs, in principle, are somewhat inferior in terms of their technical and operational characteristics to spacer (cylindrical) springs. Fifth, the latch device is not compact enough. In particular, the "cantilever" inner end of each spring in the area of the inertial mass stroke increases the axial dimension somewhat. As a result, the closest analogue has reserves for increasing reliability and compactness.

 The closest analogue to the claimed device for the intended purpose and the set of essential structural features is an ammunition safety device with an inertial fuse, containing an inertial mass with a cylindrical generatrix, mounted in a cylindrical inseparable munition shell with the possibility of axial movement when the munition interacts with an obstacle, and in an inertial mass and an inseparable the shell is made coaxially at least one radial hole, and in the shell hole flax through, and the spring clip formed by installing the spring-loaded spacer element in the coaxial holes with a partial overlap of the hole in the inertial mass with a compressed spring and the possibility of exit from it when separating the detachable shell, which covers the shell is not separable, and, together with the spring clip, excludes the movement of the inertial mass until its separation [3].

 In it, the spacer spring is located outside the hole made in the inertial mass, and the diameter of the hole in the shell corresponds to the diameter of the spring.

 However, even in this safety device, reserves of compaction and reliability remain.

 The problem to which the claimed invention is directed, is to increase the compactness and reliability of an ammunition safety device with an inertial fuse and, above all, SKB.

 The solution to this problem is provided by the fact that in an ammunition safety device with an inertial fuse containing an inertial mass with a cylindrical generatrix installed in a cylindrical inseparable shell of the munition with the possibility of axial movement during interaction of the munition with an obstacle, and at least in the inertial mass and the inseparable shell are made coaxially one radial hole, moreover, in the shell the hole is made through, and a spring clip formed by installing a spring spacer element in coaxial holes with a partial overlap of the hole in the inertial mass with a compressed spring and the possibility of exit from it when separating the detachable shell, which covers the shell is not separable, and, together with the spring retainer, eliminates the movement of the inertial mass until it separates, the spacer spring is in the hole made in the inertial mass, and the diameter of the hole in the shell is less than the diameter of the spring.

 As an example of the implementation of the idea of the invention, selective (from among the possible) constructive variants of the SLE safety device (caliber up to 30 mm) are given.

In FIG. 1 shows a cumulative ammunition assembly, with a local cut;
in FIG. 2 - a bullet with a wad-container in the context;
in FIG. 3 - fragment of the cross-section (aa in Fig. 2) of the ammunition (design variant of the safety device).

 The ultra-small cumulative ammunition contains (see Fig. 1) a cumulative projectile (hereinafter referred to as the "bullet") 1 installed in a standard sleeve 2 (for smoothbore guns, carbines and pistols). In an advantageous embodiment of the device, a wad-container 3 is provided between the bullet and the sleeve, which in this case is a detachable shell of the ammunition (bullet 1 and wad-container 3 together form the ammunition; if the wad-container 3 is separately charged, the ammunition 3 is the bullet 1) . In the “containerless” version, the sleeve 2 itself can be considered as a detachable shell.

 Bullet 1 includes (see Fig. 2) a cylindrical shell 4, called "inseparable" to distinguish it from a detachable shell. The head fairing 5 and, optionally, the tail stabilizing tail 6 are removably mounted on it. When the wad-container 3 is installed (or without it, but in the sleeve 2), the tail 6 is in the folded state. In the casing 4, successively, coaxially (in the longitudinal direction), the following are installed: combat cumulative charge 7, detonating charge 8, initiating capsule charge 9 and counter-safety spring 10, washer-shaped pruner 11 and inertial mass 12. In this case, a tubular cord-liner 13 is installed coaxially to the shell 4 (the main element of self-liquidator bullet 1), so that the inertial mass 12 is mounted on it as on a guide with the possibility of longitudinal movement in the direction of charge 9.

 The wad container 3 is held on the pool 1 by a latch 14, 15.

 The inertial mass 12 is made (see Fig. 2, 3) with a through radial hole 16 into which spacer (cylindrical) springs 17, 18 are inserted.

 In the shell 4 there is a through hole 19, the diameter of which is less than the diameter of the spring 17.

 In series with the springs 17, 18, from the entrances to the hole 19, elements (bodies) 20, 21 are installed, preferably streamlined, in particular pins or balls with a loose (sliding) fit. The length of the element 20.21 (with respect to the ball elements is the diameter) exceeds the wall thickness of the shell 4, which causes them to overlap the holes 19 completely and the holes 16 partially when the wad-container 3 is installed and the springs 17, 18 are compressed, as a result.

 The holes 16, 19, the springs 17, 18 and the elements 20, 21 together form a spring clip.

 The specific geometric or other parameters of these components of the spring clip are selected on the basis of strength calculations (in statics and dynamics) and from the condition that the elements 20, 21 can exit (shoot) under the action of the springs 17, 18 into the space surrounding the bullet 1, or at least at least, from the hole 16 at the time of separation of the wad-container 3 (in the "containerless" version - at the time of the exit of the bullet 1 beyond the edge of the barrel).

 In principle, the device of the spring clip can be asymmetric, i.e. with a blind hole 16, one spring 17 and one element 20. However, a symmetrical circuit, especially in the absence of plumage 6, is more reliable and more rational from the standpoint of stabilizing the flight of bullet 1.

 The device operates as follows.

 When storing the bullet 1 in the wad-container 3 outside the sleeve 2, the latch 14, 15 holds the wad-container 3 on the shell 4, as a result of which the elements 20, 21 are recessed in the holes 16, 19 and do not allow the inertial mass 12 to move under random dynamic loads, and the springs 17, 18 are in a compressed state, springing the elements 20, 21.

 When equipped with ammunition, part 15 of the latch is removed and, holding the wad-container 3 in its original position, inserted into the sleeve 2 (with a propelling charge and other necessary elements). Due to the tight contact of the wad container 3 with the sleeve 2, the spring clip 16-21 continues to fix the inertial mass 12.

 When the ammunition is fired, the bullet 1 with the wad container 3 flies out of the sleeve 2. At the initial section of the free flight, the wad container 3 is separated from the shell 4, freeing the outlet for the elements 20, 21. The latter, under the action of the elastic forces of the springs 17, 18, are removed from the hole 16 and , as a rule, from the hole 19 into the surrounding space (shooting elements 20, 21). Thus, the spring clip 16-21 frees the inertial mass 12 to perform its function when it encounters an obstacle.

 The described examples of the device and its operation do not exclude other options within the framework of the proposed set of essential design features.

 Using the invention allows to solve the problem - to increase the compactness and reliability of the munition safety device (including SKB) with an inertial fuse.

Sources of information
1. RU 2110753 C1, F 42 B 7/10, 12/10, 16.10.96.

 2. RU 2130580 C1, F 42 B 7/10, 12/10, 04/09/98.

 3. EP 0363079 A2, F 42 B 10/16, 04/11/90, p. 1-6, FIG. 1, 2 (prototype).

Claims (1)

 An inertial fuse ammunition safety device containing an inertial mass with a cylindrical generatrix installed in a cylindrical inseparable munition shell with the possibility of axial movement when the munition interacts with an obstacle, and at least one radial hole is made coaxially in the inertial mass and inseparable shell, moreover, in the shell the hole is made through, and a spring clip formed by installing a spring-loaded spacer element in a coaxial opening with partial overlapping of the hole in the inertial mass with a compressed spring and the possibility of exiting from it when separating the detachable shell, which covers the shell is inseparable, and, together with the spring retainer, eliminates the movement of the inertial mass until its separation, characterized in that the spacer spring is in holes made in the inertial mass, and the diameter of the holes in the shell is less than the diameter of the spring.

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