RU216760U1 - Sorption filter for water purification - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for water purification from pollutants, in particular wastewater treatment from pollutants such as heavy metal ions, organic compounds, etc. This apparatus can be used at chemical, petrochemical, paint and varnish, metallurgical, pharmacological, biochemical enterprises. and other industries. SUBSTANCE: sorption filter for water purification contains a housing with nozzles for inlet, outlet of treated water and adsorbent, inside of which a lower horizontal grate and an upper grate in the form of a truncated cone, an adsorbent layer between the grates, as well as a cascade shock-jet nozzle in the upper part of the apparatus inside the loaded adsorbent are installed. , moreover, in the upper part of the branch pipe intended for filling the adsorbent, four branch pipes are placed at an angle of 45 ° to its vertical axis and centrally symmetrically opposite each other, connected by a single water supply system, for washing the adsorbent, and in the lower part of the housing next to the branch pipe for draining the purified water, a pipe is installed to drain the washing liquid. The utility model provides a reduction in the cost of operating the sorption filter, an increase in the duration of the device without replacing the adsorbent and an increase in the efficiency of the filter. 2 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for water treatment, in particular wastewater treatment from pollutants such as heavy metal ions, organic compounds, etc. This device can be used in chemical, petrochemical, paint and varnish, metallurgical, pharmacological, biochemical and other industries industry.

A filter with a two-component load is known, containing a housing having an inlet for supplying source water and an outlet for discharging purified water, and inside the housing there is a load, one of the components of which is a manganese-containing filter material, and the second component of the load is an inert filter material, while the fraction of both components is (0.5-1.0) mm, and the volume fraction of the second component is 0.1-0.9 (RF Patent No. 209638, class C02F 1/00, B01D 24/10, 2021).

The disadvantage of this device is the uneven distribution of purified water over the area of the filtering load and the formation of an erosion funnel in the upper layer of the filtering load when the source water enters the housing, which leads to a decrease in the adsorption activity of the sorption filter material.

Known adsorber, contains a housing with nozzles input, output of liquid and absorbent, inside which are installed the lower horizontal grating and the upper grating, made in the form of a truncated cone, and between the gratings filled with adsorbent. In order to increase the degree of absorption of the target component by increasing the phase contact area, a pipe is located inside the adsorber, on which a cup spray device is installed (Patent No. 158371, class B01D 53/04, 2015).

The disadvantage of this device is that in the working volume of the device there are zones into which the treated liquid does not enter, i.e. there are stagnant zones in the adsorbent, reducing the efficiency of the adsorber. This is due to the fact that the liquid flowing from the holes located in the upper part of the cup spray device is directed under the influence of gravity to the lower part of the adsorber and does not come into contact with the entire surface of the adsorbent in the upper layers of the load.

Known sorption filter containing located one above the other cassettes with sorbents, placed in a metal case retractable in a horizontal direction along the guides; at the same time, perforated tubes for supplying purified water to the upper cassette through the holes in the tubes are evenly placed and fixed in the ceiling part of the metal case, and the lower part of each cassette is equipped with a grid and equipped with a distributing device that directs the purified water from the upstream cassette to the lower one through evenly distributed short branch pipes by area; at the bottom of the metal case there is a drainage tray for purified water (Patent RU No. 174230, class C02F 1/28, B01D 24/14, 2017).

The disadvantage of this filter is the need for additional sealing and careful sealing of the cassettes in the retracted state to prevent leakage of treated water, which requires constant monitoring of the condition and replacement of the seals of the front walls of the cassettes.

The closest to the utility model in terms of technical essence is an adsorber containing a housing with nozzles for inlet, outlet of liquid and adsorbent, inside which a lower horizontal grate and an upper grate made in the form of a truncated cone are installed, adsorbent is filled between the grates; moreover, in the upper part of the apparatus, coaxially to the adsorbent inlet pipe, a cascade shock-jet nozzle for spraying liquid is installed, located inside the loaded adsorbent (Patent RU No. 169692, class C02F 1/28, B01D 15/00, 2000).

The disadvantage of this device is the need to unload the adsorbent each time, after saturation with the extracted contaminants, to carry out the technological operation of desorption, which leads to an increase in the cost and complexity of the operation of the apparatus.

The objective of the utility model is to simplify the operation of the sorption filter and reduce the cost of its operation by using the technology of washing the adsorbent saturated with the adsorbate in at least 4 cases out of 5 without unloading the adsorbent from the filter housing.

The technical result consists in reducing the cost of operating the sorption filter, increasing the duration of operation of the device without replacing the adsorbent and, thereby, increasing the efficiency of the filter.

This problem is solved by the fact that the sorption filter for water purification includes a housing with inlet and outlet pipes for purified water and adsorbent, a lower horizontal grate and an upper grate in the form of a truncated cone, an adsorbent layer between the grates and a cascade shock-jet nozzle in the upper part of the apparatus, and in the upper part of the branch pipe intended for filling the adsorbent, it contains four branch pipes placed at an angle of 45° to its vertical axis and centrally symmetrically opposite each other, connected by a single water supply system. The presence of four nozzles ensures a uniform and equilateral supply of washing liquid to the adsorbent for its desorption without unloading the adsorbent from the housing each time after it is saturated with the adsorbate. In the lower part of the housing, next to the pipe for draining purified water, there is a pipe for draining the washing liquid, which is discharged for disposal after washing the adsorption load.

In FIG. 1 shows a sorption filter for water purification; in fig. 2 - section A-A in Fig. 1.

The sorption filter for water purification includes a housing 1 with inlet pipes 2, outlet 3 of the treated water. In the upper part of the body 1 there is a pipe 4 with a hermetic shutter 5 for filling the adsorbent 6, and in its lower part there is a pipe 7 for unloading the adsorbent 6. Inside the body 1 there are: a horizontal grate 8 and a grate 9 made in the form of a truncated cone. Adsorbent 6 is filled between grates 8 and 9. A cascade shock-jet nozzle 10 is installed coaxially to nozzle 4 in the upper part of the filter for spraying inside the loaded adsorbent 6 of purified water or washing liquid. In the upper part of the nozzle 4, intended for filling the adsorbent 6, four nozzles 12 are placed at an angle of 45° to its vertical axis 11 and centrally symmetrically opposite each other, connected by a single plumbing system 13 for washing the adsorbent 6. In the lower part of the housing 1 next to the nozzle 3 to drain the purified water, a branch pipe 14 is installed to drain the washing liquid. Branch pipes 12 are placed at an angle of 45° to the vertical axis 11 of branch pipe 4 to minimize the ingress of adsorbent 6 when it is loaded into branch pipes 12.

Sorption filter for water purification works as follows.

The water to be purified enters through the nozzle 2 into the cascade impact-jet nozzle 10 for spraying water, which has a plurality of holes for water outlet. Passing through these holes of the nozzle 10, water is evenly distributed throughout the entire volume of the adsorbent 6. Pollutants are absorbed by the adsorbents 6, and the purified water passes through the lower grate 8 and flows down through the outlet pipe 3, and then goes to the consumer. After the adsorbent is saturated with the extracted contaminants, the inlet pipes 2 and outlet 3 of the treated water are closed with valves, and the pipes 12 are opened and the washing liquid begins to be supplied to the housing 1 from four sides, evenly distributing it throughout the entire volume of the adsorbent 6. Simultaneously with the beginning of the flow of the washing liquid into the pipes 12 open the valve of the branch pipe 14, ensuring the removal of the waste washing liquid. After washing the adsorbent, pipes 12 and 14 are closed, and the valves of pipes 2 and 3 are opened, proceeding to the next cycle of water purification. After repeated, at least 4 times, washing of the adsorbent saturated with pollutant, it is unloaded through the branch pipe 6 and supplied for further processing or disposal.

Reducing the time and labor costs for the operation of the sorption filter is achieved due to the device in the design of the filter of a system for stationary washing (desorption) of the adsorbent, including located at an angle of 45 ° to the vertical axis 11 of the branch pipe 4, intended for filling the adsorbent, and centrally symmetrically opposite each other four branch pipe 12, connected by a single water supply system 13, as well as branch pipe 14 for draining the washing liquid. The design of this system allows you to increase the duration of the sorption filter without replacing the adsorbent, and thereby increase the efficiency of the filter.

Claims (1)

Sorption filter for water purification, containing a housing with nozzles for inlet, outlet of treated water and adsorbent, inside of which a lower horizontal grate and an upper grate in the form of a truncated cone, an adsorbent layer between the grates, as well as a cascade shock-jet nozzle in the upper part of the apparatus inside the loaded adsorbent, characterized in that in the upper part of the branch pipe intended for filling the adsorbent, four branch pipes are placed at an angle of 45 ° to its vertical axis and centrally symmetrically opposite each other with the possibility of connection with a single water supply system for washing the adsorbent, and in the lower part of the body next to with a branch pipe for discharging purified water, a branch pipe for discharging washing liquid is installed.

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