RU2320544C2 - Method for purifying of liquids such as recycling and source water, industrial sewage, process liquids, and complex for performing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: processes for purification of recycling and source water, industrial sewage, and process liquids, may be used in metal-working enterprises and in metallurgy.

SUBSTANCE: method involves providing continuous passage of liquid under purification process through one or more layers of adsorbent placed in adsorbing apparatus; periodically regenerating adsorbent, with flexible vertical members being uniformly distributed throughout the entire volume of adsorbent for transmitting vibrations. Adsorbent regeneration process is carried out as follows: lower layer of adsorbent is periodically and sequentially transported into activating chamber of reservoir for mixing it in washing solution; it is further transported into activating chamber of reservoir for mixing in rinsing water, thereafter adsorbent is periodically transported into reservoir functioning as accumulator-feeder equipped with elevator participating in transportation of pure adsorbent and periodical feeding thereof into upper part of column of adsorbing apparatus. Complex has adsorbing apparatus filled with granular adsorbent, accumulating reservoirs, adsorbent regeneration reservoirs, pumps, and connection pipelines with locking fittings, as well as washing solution and rinsing water regeneration installations. Adsorbing apparatus is formed as flow-through column free from bottom and disposed within reservoir, above chain-type scraper conveyor. Each of two reservoirs for regeneration of adsorbent is furnished with bottom chain-type scraper conveyor, above which conveyor chamber with activator is disposed. One of said reservoirs is adapted for washing solution and other reservoir is designed for rinsing water. Complex is further provided with intermediate belt conveyors-transporters. Activators within adsorbent regeneration reservoirs are provided with electric drives.

EFFECT: increased efficiency in purification extent and wide range of liquids to be purified using indicated method and complex.

6 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of purification of circulating and intake water, industrial effluents, process fluids and can be used at metal processing enterprises and in metallurgy.

Known adsorption methods of environmental protection. The adsorption cleaning technique allows solving the problems of deep cleaning of various gas-forming and liquid media. With correctly selected technology and process equipment, impurities can be removed by the adsorption method almost completely [see Keltsev N.V. The basics of adsorption technology. M.: Chemistry, 1976. - 512 p.].

A known method of purifying water from organic impurities by the adsorption method using activated carbon. At the outlet of the water conduit, 5-10 mg / l of coal is added to the water, the contact time of the purified water and coal is about one hour; with vigorous stirring - 10-15 minutes. Obviously, the large required consumption of adsorbent.

To implement the method of water purification with organic impurities up to 100 mg / l, water is passed through a layer of powdered coal with a particle size of 1-100 microns. After adsorption purification, coal dust is removed from the water, and the coal is separated and regenerated. The removal of coal from water is carried out by filtration, flotation, centrifugation, etc. Coal regeneration is carried out by heating coal to 415 ° C (ibid., P. 291). With such regeneration, the use of powdered adsorbent leads to a significant consumption of activated carbon, and the use of granular carbon significantly increases the cost of the process.

A known process of adsorption cleaning with powdered coal according to a two-stage scheme. Initially, water is mixed with coal partially spent on the second stage, that is, water is moved from the first stage to the second, and coal from the second stage to the first. Here the degree of water purification and development of the adsorption capacity of coal increases. However, the regeneration of powdered coal is difficult (ibid., P. 291).

When adsorption wastewater treatment of chemical and other industries solve problems: water purification, desorption of absorbed substances, or regeneration of the adsorbate, for example, by heating with superheated steam 600-900 ° C. Loss of coal during regeneration is 15% of the load (ibid., P. 292).

Known anti-phenolic installation. The installation contains two alternately working adsorbers loaded with granular coal with particles of 1.5-2 mm (the amount of adsorbent is calculated by its dynamic activity at a given process temperature).

Decanters (two) included in the unit, storage tanks, pumps, refrigerators, steam supply systems, and distillation columns are designed for the regeneration of benzene, which removes phenol from coal, the subsequent separation of phenol and its return to production. Thus, the adsorbent is regenerated in the adsorber, but the adsorption capacity of coal is gradually reduced. In this case, one-time costs and power of the equipment are high, since in each regeneration cycle the full amount of adsorbent is exposed. Two adsorbers work alternately, which ensures the continuity of the process, but complicates the installation and increases its dimensions (ibid., P. 293).

An object of the invention is the creation of a technology for treating intake water, industrial wastewater, process fluids and recycled water, which allows:

- increase the cleaning performance by ensuring the continuity of the technological cycle of cleaning liquids;

- improve performance by the degree and subtlety of cleaning;

- reduce the consumption of adsorbent, which accordingly reduces the cost of the cleaning process.

The specified technical result is achieved by the claimed invention.

The inventive method of purifying liquids from a number of: intake water, industrial wastewater, process liquids, recycled water, including passing liquid through an adsorbent layer located in the adsorber, periodic regeneration of the adsorbent, characterized in that the liquid to be cleaned is continuously passed through one or more adsorbent layers, placed in an adsorber, which is made in the form of a through column without a bottom and installed in a container above the bottom chain scraper conveyor, while approximately uniformly in volume of the adsorber enta installed flexible vertical elements, made with the possibility of transmission of vibration; periodically, the bottom layer of the adsorbent is sequentially transported to the activator chamber of the container filled with the washing solution, in which the adsorbent is periodically regenerated by stirring it in the washing solution, and then the adsorbent is periodically transported to the activator chamber of the tank containing washing water, in which the adsorbent is regenerated periodically for the last time mixing it in wash water; the containers with activator chambers are equipped with bottom chain scraper conveyors, and the activator chambers are made in the form of through columns without a bottom installed above the bottom conveyors; after washing, the adsorbent is periodically transported to a tank with the function of a feeder-drive equipped with an elevator involved in the transportation of pure adsorbent and its periodic supply to the upper part of the adsorber column.

Regeneration of the washing solution and wash water is provided.

The vertical layers of the adsorbent are characterized by a particle size distribution, varying in the course of liquid purification from coarse-grained to fine-grained loading within 0.5-3 mm.

A complex is disclosed for implementing a method for purifying liquids from a number: intake water, industrial wastewater, process liquids, recycled water, comprising an adsorber filled with a granular adsorbent; storage tanks, tanks for accommodating adsorbent regeneration means; Pumps connecting pipelines with shutoff valves, characterized in that the complex includes at least one adsorber, which has a receiving chamber with an inlet pipe, a drain chamber with an outlet pipe, and is made in the form of a through column without a bottom and is installed in a container above the bottom scraper chain conveyor belt; approximately uniformly across the adsorber volume, vertical flexible rods are mounted, fixed by the head part and configured to transmit vibration from a source of vibration; the complex also includes two tanks, each of which is equipped with a bottom chain scraper conveyor, over which a chamber with an activator is installed; one of the containers is designed to accommodate a washing solution for an adsorbent, and the other is designed to accommodate washing water for an adsorbent; tanks with activators have nozzles for connecting them through pipelines equipped with shutoff valves, with installations for the regeneration of the washing solution and washing water, respectively; the complex also includes a tank with the function of a drive-feeder, equipped with an elevator for periodic movement of pure adsorbent to the level of the upper open part of the adsorber column; the conveyors of the complex are installed with the ability to ensure consistent consistent interaction between all containers in a closed cycle.

To ensure consistent interaction between containers, the complex is equipped with intermediate conveyor belts.

With compact placement of the complex, the bottom conveyors are installed with the possibility of transferring the adsorbent directly to the loading area of subsequent containers.

Activators in the regeneration tanks of the adsorbent are equipped with electric drives.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, which shows the operational scheme of the complex. The figure 1 presents a diagram of the complex using intermediate conveyors, figure 2 - without intermediate conveyors.

The complex includes an adsorber 1 filled with granular adsorbent 2 with a granule size of 0.5-3 mm. To align the flow from the inlet chamber 3 with the inlet pipe (without position) and from the drain chamber 4 with the outlet pipe (without position) and for uniform distribution of the liquid to be cleaned over the entire adsorbent volume, mesh or perforated partitions 5 and 6 are used.

The adsorber 1 is made in the form of a through column without a bottom and is installed in a tank 7 above the bottom chain scraper conveyor (without position). The vertical flexible rods 8 are evenly distributed over the adsorber volume, fixed by the head part (not shown on the frame, on the brackets) and connected with the source of vibrations. The flexibility of the rods is considered in terms of their calculated mechanical strength under the action of vibrations. Vibration oscillations are created periodically to ensure a dense and uniform packing of the adsorbent mass throughout the volume.

Inside the containers 9 and 10 above the bottom chain scraper conveyors (without position), activator chambers 11 and 12 with activators 13 and 14 are installed for mixing the adsorbent in the medium of the washing solution in the tank 9 and in the medium of the washing water in the tank 10.

The rotation mode of the activators is set by electric drives 15.

The inlet and outlet pipes of containers 9, 10 are equipped with strainers (without position) and connected by pipelines to shut-off valves 16 with detergent solution regeneration plants 17 and washing water 18. The operation of plants 17 and 18 is not considered in the framework of this application, and their function may be implemented using known means of cleaning detergent solutions and industrial wastewater treatment [see Bulyzhev E.M., Khudobin L.V. Resource-saving use of cutting fluids in metalworking. M .: Engineering, 2004. - 352 p.].

The drive-feeder 19 for the purified adsorbent with restored properties has an elevator 20 for periodically moving the adsorbent to the level of the upper open part of the adsorber column in the area of the loading hopper 21. If necessary, sieves or other adsorbent classification means are installed in front of the hopper, which will allow the adsorbent to be distributed in layers with different granulometric composition, or distributed into different adsorbers connected in series.

The interoperational movement of the adsorbent is carried out by the elevator 20 and conveyor belts 22, 23, 24, 25. At the same time, the transfer functions of the wet adsorbent can also be carried out by buckets, portable bunkers, including, if technological feasibility is established, interoperational movement can directly bottom conveyors of containers, for example, if necessary, compact placement of the complex, as shown in figure 2.

The purification process, for example, of water supplied to consumers of the "dirty" cycle of the mill of a metallurgical plant, is carried out as follows.

The purified water continuously at a design speed of about 10 mm / s enters the intake chamber 3 of the adsorber 1 and is evenly distributed over the volume of the adsorbent 2, provided that its packing density is uniform over the entire height, and the purified water is continuously discharged from the adsorber. The adsorbent, having individual cleaning properties, performs cleaning according to a given parameter or a number of parameters. In this case, filtering of mechanical impurities. With the continuous operation of the adsorber, the absorption capacity of the adsorbent gradually decreases and siltation of the adsorbent is observed.

To improve the quality of adsorption treatment, it is provided:

1) prior to adsorption treatment, preliminary cleaning of the liquid in a magnetic separator, which removes approximately 74% of impurities;

2) the organization of adsorbent layers of different particle size distribution sequentially 3 mm-2 m -...- 0.5 mm during the cleaning process by placing the adsorbent of the same size in 1-3 different adsorbers.

In this case, at the end of the treatment, the “living” cross section of the granules is significantly lower, but the water passes through the layer already significantly purified (by 40%), which significantly reduces the filter load of the layer. On large granules of the initial layer, no adsorbent siltation is noted, and also dirt particles on large granules are more easily washed out. In general, the layered structure of the adsorbent allows you to increase the speed of purification of water and other liquids.

With continuous cleaning of the liquid, periodic regeneration of the adsorbent is carried out. By turning on the bottom chain scraper conveyor, the lower adsorbent layer is transported to the activator chamber 11 with a washing solution, where the adsorbent is cleaned by stirring. After washing, the adsorbent is transported and mixed in the activator chamber 12 with washing water. Repeated or one-time use of the washing solution and washing water is determined empirically according to the results of the analysis, based on the required degree of purification of the liquid.

After washing, the adsorbent with reduced absorption capacity is transported to a container 19, which can contain both purified adsorbent and previously unused. From the tank 19 with the function of the drive-feeder, the adsorbent is transported periodically to the loading hopper 21. If necessary, the adsorbent is passed through a classifier. From the hopper 21, the wet adsorbent is discharged into the adsorber 1. The adsorbent composition is periodically updated, which is similar to creating an adsorption column without loss of absorption capacity over time. This allows continuous cleaning.

The volume of adsorbent periodically removed from the adsorber is also determined empirically on the basis of the required degree of purification, particle size distribution, associated with the flow rate and purification performance.

The following results were obtained at the experimental setup: the adsorbent in the first adsorber — opal crystallobalite with a granule size of up to 3 mm; in the second adsorber, opal crystallobalite with a granule size of up to 2 mm; then opal crystallobalite and activated carbon with granules up to 0.5 mm. The flow rate of 5-10 mm / s in the "live" section. The degree of purification of suspended particles is 43%, ensuring the fineness of purification d _cf = 1-3 microns. The degree of purification from oil products is 43.3% at a concentration of oil products in purified water of 1.5 mg / l. In addition to these adsorbents, other modified natural particle size adsorbents (zeolite, dolomite and others), as well as cation exchangers and anion exchangers for fine purification of cations and anions can be used.

The invention allowed, which was confirmed experimentally, to increase the cleaning performance, to obtain stable results of a high degree and subtlety of liquid purification, to ensure the continuity of the liquid purification cycle, combining the continuity of purification with periodic regeneration of the adsorbent. Cyclic cleaning of the adsorbent in small portions allows the use of containers for its cleaning of small size. The consumption of adsorbent is reduced.

The cleaning method and the complex for its implementation can be implemented using well-known materials and technological equipment.

Claims (6)

1. The method of purification of liquids from a number: recycled and intake water, industrial wastewater, process liquids, including passing liquid through an adsorbent layer located in the adsorber, periodic regeneration of the adsorbent, characterized in that the liquid to be cleaned is continuously passed through one or more adsorbent layers, placed in an adsorber, which is made in the form of a through column without a bottom and is installed in a container above the bottom chain scraper conveyor, while setting approximately uniformly in volume of the adsorbent Flexible vertical elements are made, capable of transmitting vibration, periodically the bottom layer of adsorbent is sequentially transported to the activator chamber of the container containing the washing solution, in which the adsorbent is periodically regenerated by mixing it in the washing solution, and then periodically transported to the activator chamber of the tank containing washing water , in which the periodic final operation of regeneration of the adsorbent is carried out by mixing it in wash water, while containers with activator chambers are equipped with bottom chain scraper conveyors, and activator chambers are made in the form of through columns without a bottom installed above the bottom conveyors; after washing, the adsorbent is periodically transported to the tank with the function of a storage feeder equipped with an elevator involved in the transportation of pure adsorbent and its periodic feeding to the top of the adsorber column. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the regeneration of the washing solution and wash water is provided. 3. Complex for purification of liquids from a number: recycled and intake water, industrial wastewater, process liquids containing an adsorber filled with granular adsorbent, storage tanks, containers for accommodating adsorbent regeneration means, pumps, connecting pipelines with shutoff valves, characterized in that the complex includes at least one adsorber, which has a receiving chamber with an inlet pipe, a drain chamber with an outlet pipe, and is made in the form of a through column without a bottom and installed in a tank bridges above the bottom chain scraper conveyor, approximately uniformly across the adsorber’s volume, vertical flexible rods are installed, fixed by the head part and configured to transmit vibration from the vibration source, the complex also includes two containers, each of which is equipped with a bottom chain scraper conveyor, over which a camera with activator; one of the tanks is designed to accommodate the washing solution for the adsorbent, and the other is to place the washing water for the adsorbent, the tanks with activators have nozzles for connecting them through pipelines with shutoff valves with the settings for the regeneration of the washing solution and washing water, respectively, the complex also includes a tank with the function drive-feeder equipped with an elevator for periodically moving the clean adsorbent to the level of the upper open part of the adsorber column, while the conveyors of the complex installed with the ability to ensure consistent consistent interaction between all containers in a closed loop. 4. The complex according to claim 3, characterized in that it is equipped with intermediate conveyor belts. 5. The complex according to claim 3, characterized in that, with the compact placement of the complex, the bottom conveyors are installed with the possibility of transferring the adsorbent directly to the loading area of subsequent containers. 6. The complex according to claim 3, characterized in that the activators in the regeneration containers of the adsorbent are equipped with electric drives.

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