RU2165843C1 - Method and device for impregnation of wooden panels - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: wood-working industry and construction production, in particular, manufacture of formwork panels for concreting of walls, foundations, dams and other vertical constructions. SUBSTANCE: method consists in a warm-up of wooden panels in a sulfur melt at 155-160 C for 40-50 min and subsequent seasoning at 120-125 C at a gradual contact of the article with the sulfur melt. The method is featured by the fact that seasoning is accomplished for 1.0 to 1.5 hours in a chamber, to which the panels in the sulfur melt are moved in turn through rectangular windows for 4-5 min each. EFFECT: enhanced degree of impregnation due to permanent contact of articles with the melt, reduction of duration of the process, reduction of the specific amount of metal per structure and power consumption. 2 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the impregnation of wood and can be used in the woodworking industry and in the construction industry, namely in the manufacture of formwork panels for concrete walls, foundations, dams and other vertical structures.

 There is a method of impregnating packages of boards, boards, blanks and other wooden products by group loading them into bathtubs, fixing them from surfacing with steel frames, containers, weights, etc., filling the bathtub with a hot impregnating agent, for example, an aqueous solution of an antiseptic, holding the calculated time in it , changing the hot agent to cold without exposing the products, holding in the cold bath for the estimated time and descent of the agent using pumps and reserve tanks. The change of a hot agent to a cold one by pumping liquids without exposing products is necessary so that independent vacuum absorption of the “cold” impregnating solution into the wood takes place and the latter does not come in contact with air [Khrulev V.M., Rykov R.I. Wood processing with polymers. - Ulan-Ude: Buryat book, ed. , 1984, p. 42].

 The disadvantage of this method is the need to use sophisticated equipment - pumps, pipelines, locking and control equipment, various storage tanks, backup, consumables, which limit the choice of impregnating agents only to aqueous solutions or organic liquids and prevent, for example, the use of sulfur melt.

A known method involving the use of molten sulfur as an impregnating agent. The method includes heating the wood in a sulfur melt at 155-160 ^o C for 0.5-1.0 hours, holding the mixture of sulfur melt and organic compounds at 120-125 ^o C for 0.5-1.0 hours, impregnation is carried out in two bathtubs. [A.S. USSR N 1782737, MKI B 27 K 3/00, 3/04. The method of impregnation of wood V.M. Khrulev, V.V. Gorety, A.G. Manshin, BC Bukhtiyarova. Publ. 12/23/92, BI N 47].

 The disadvantage of this method is the need to transfer the package from one bath to another, which is difficult with large dimensions of products, such as wooden formwork panels, because of their considerable length. When the product is transferred, it is in contact with the surrounding cold air, which reduces the effect of vacuum absorption of the melt into the pores of the wood, the absorption of sulfur by the wood is reduced, and the completeness of its protective effect is limited.

The closest analogue of the known technical solutions is the method of impregnation of wooden panels in a sulfur melt at 155-160 ^o C for 40-50 minutes, followed by exposure to the melt at 115-120 ^o C, and the process is carried out in one bath with constant contact of the product with molten sulfur. (A. s. USSR N 1222554 class B 27 K 3/06, 1986).

 Known devices for the impregnation of elements of wooden structures (panels, glued blocks, etc.) using two bathtubs filled with protective compounds of different temperatures (hot and "cold" solutions). For example, an impregnation device includes two thermally insulated sheet steel baths provided with lids. At the bottom of the baths are steam pipes for heating. Bathtubs are connected by a tray for transfusion of solution. There are centrifugal pumps for pumping hot and cold mortar, as well as pumps for pumping mortar from tanks to bathtubs and back. To immerse packages of products in a solution, use a metal container [V.M. Khrulev. Production of wood and plastic structures. - M.: Higher School, 1989, p. 117-117, Fig. 3.52].

 The disadvantages of the device include the need to use two separately manufactured and separately located baths, the need to use pumping equipment, tanks for storing and pumping an impregnating solution, the need to transfer solutions from tanks to bathtubs, and also from one bath to another - when replacing a hot solution with cold in the same bath - to exclude the movement of packages and contact of heated wood with air.

 Close to the proposed is a bath for impregnation in a sulfur melt, comprising a body with heat-insulating walls, made in the form of two chambers separated by a heat-insulated partition with a slide gate, lids and electric heaters. [A.S. N 1738653, USSR, MKI B 27 K 3/10. Bath for impregnation of porous building materials with sulfur melt / V.M. Khrulev, V.V. Goretiy, Zh.B. Bekbolotov, A.Yu. Khashimov, A.P. Zuckerkandel, M.K. Kasimov. Publ. 06/07/92, BI N 21 - prototype].

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the increased metal consumption, high energy consumption and the cost of the impregnation process.

 The technical problem solved by the invention is to increase the degree of impregnation of wood due to the constant contact of products with the melt, reducing the duration of the impregnation process, simplifying the hardware design, cheaper method.

The technical task is solved as follows. In the method of impregnation of wooden boards, including heating in a molten sulfur at 155-160 ^o C for 0.5-1.04 and subsequent exposure to the melt at 120-125 ^o C, according to the invention, the process is carried out at constant contact of the product with the melt by moving products in the melt after heating through rectangular windows into the chamber for subsequent exposure for 1.0-1.5 hours

 The stated technical problem is solved in that in a bath for impregnation of wood panel products in a sulfur melt, comprising a body with heat-insulating walls, made in the form of two chambers separated by a heat-insulated partition with a slide gate, the covers and electric heaters according to the invention in the heat-insulated partition are not exceeding the height of the melt level is rectangular windows with slide gates.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings. In FIG. 1 shows a sectional view of a bath for impregnation of wood panel products in a molten sulfur; in FIG. 2 is a top view of a bathtub without covers.

 The bath contains a housing 1 with insulated walls 2, a thermally insulated partition 3 with rectangular windows 4, closed by lifting gates 5, made of low heat conductive material. Wood panel products 6, loaded into the first chamber, are supported on roller rollers 7, and when filling the chamber with a molten sulfur, they are prevented from surfacing by elastic pressure brushes 8 attached to the lower side of the covers 9. The melt is heated by electric heaters 10.

 After the vapor-air mixture leaves (the cessation of the formation of bubbles on the melt surface), the slide gates 5 are alternately lifted, closing the windows 4 in the heat-insulated partition 3 and through these windows the shields 6 are successively advanced from the first chamber with hot melt into the second - “cold” one. Such advancement is possible due to the fact that the end sides of the shields are not covered by wooden blocks or overlays, therefore, through the horizontal cavities are formed in the shield, from which the hot melt is forced out by the “cold” when moving into the “cold” chamber.

 Thus, the hot melt remains in its chamber and does not mix with the “cold” one. After moving the slide gate 5 is lowered, completely closing the window 4 in the insulated partition 3; then the next shutter 5 rises to move into the "cold" chamber of the neighboring shield. 6. The operation is repeated until all shields are placed in the “cold” chamber.

It takes no more than 4-5 minutes to lift the slide gate 5 and move one shield 6, and it takes about 30 minutes to move all the shields (their number is not more than 6 - according to the number of designed windows). During this time, the thermal regime in the hot and "cold" chamber of the bath does not change significantly. The duration of the impregnation of products in the "cold" chamber is 1.0-1.5 hours - depending on the required degree of sulfur absorption by the wood. At this time, the melt temperature in the hot chamber is maintained at the level of 155-160 ^o C and the next batch of panels is loading.

 The present invention is effective in comparison with the prototype due to the ability to impregnate large-sized products in two-chamber baths with different temperature conditions without lifting and transferring the product package from one chamber to another, and due to their horizontal movement through windows in a heat-insulated partition with slide gates separating the hot melt from "cold." At the same time, the complete impregnation cycle is reduced, the depth of sulfur penetration into the wood increases due to the constant contact of the products with the melt, there is no need for lifting and pumping equipment, which makes the impregnation process more expensive.

 The present invention can be implemented in the woodworking industry for wood impregnation and in the construction industry in the manufacture of formwork panels for concrete walls, foundations, dams and other vertical structures.

Claims (2)

1. The method of impregnation of wooden boards, including heating in a sulfur melt at 155-160 ^o C for 40-50 minutes and subsequent exposure with constant contact of the product with a sulfur melt, characterized in that the exposure is carried out at 120-125 ^o C for 1 , 0-1.5 hours in a chamber into which the shields in the sulfur melt are alternately moved through rectangular windows for 4-5 minutes each.  2. A device for the impregnation of wood shields, comprising a body with heat-insulating walls, made in the form of two chambers separated by a heat-insulated partition with a slide gate, characterized in that rectangular windows with slide gates are made in the heat-insulated partition, not exceeding the height of the melt level.

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