RU2165303C1 - Method of cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles and device for realization of this method - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; cleaning lubricants-and-coolants and other technological liquids from mechanical admixtures. SUBSTANCE: proposed method includes cleaning of liquid in endless chain magnetic separator. Liquid is additionally cleaned during successive passage through clearances between magnetic rods of adjacent engaged zigzag parts of endless run of magnetic separator. Amounts of these clearances are constant if liquid is cleaned at immovable runs of magnetic separator and when they move at similar speed and in one direction and amounts of clearances will vary if liquid is cleaned when endless runs of magnetic separator move at different speed and in different directions. Device for cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles includes reservoir for liquid to be cleaned, endless chain magnetic separator located inside reservoir and provided with magnetic rods secured on it and unit for cleaning the magnetic rods. One or several endless chain magnetic separators with magnetic rods and unit for cleaning them secured on these separators is mounted inside endless chain separator. Magnetic rods are engaged forming clearances; adjacent chain magnetic separators are made for motion of engaged magnetic rods in similar or opposite direction. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency of cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles. 3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

 The group of inventions relates to the field of engineering and can be used to clean lubricating coolants and other process fluids from mechanical impurities.

 A known method of purification of liquids, implemented during the operation of magnetic cartridges G42-1 (see, for example, Khudobin L.V., Berdichevsky E.G. Technique for the use of cutting lubricants in metalworking.- M .: Mechanical Engineering. 1977. P.86 -90).

 The reasons that impede the achievement of the following technical result when using the known method include the fact that in the known method, the regeneration of magnetic rods is carried out manually and, therefore, the regeneration process is cyclical and ineffective. In addition, during regeneration, the magnetic rods are excluded from the liquid purification process.

 Known magnetic trap C43-1, containing a cylindrical magnetic rod (see, for example, Khudobin L.V., Berdichevsky E.G. Technique for the use of cutting lubricants in metalworking.- M .: Mechanical Engineering. 1977. S. 85).

 The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device include the fact that the regeneration of magnetic traps from ferromagnetic solids deposited on their surface is carried out manually, which is ineffective. During regeneration, the magnetic rods are excluded from the liquid purification process and as a result, the cleaning efficiency is reduced.

 The closest method of the same purpose to the claimed method in the group of inventions according to the totality of features is a method of purifying liquids from ferromagnetic particles, in which the contaminated liquid is cleaned once when it passes through the gaps between the magnetic rods, implemented in the device of the company "Montanus" (Germany), containing a container for the liquid to be cleaned, an infinite chain magnetic separator with magnetic rods fixed on it, and a device for regenerating magnetic rods located in the container th (see. Copies of the prospectus), taken as a prototype.

 The reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known method include the fact that in the known method only one passage of the liquid to be cleaned is carried out in the gap between the magnetic rods and, therefore, low efficiency of its purification from ferromagnetic impurities is ensured.

 The closest device of the same purpose to the claimed device in the group of inventions according to the totality of features is a device of the company "Montanus" (Germany), containing a container for the liquid to be cleaned, an infinite magnetic chain separator with magnetic rods fixed to it and a device for regenerating magnetic rods located in the tank (see copies of the prospectus) adopted as a prototype.

 For reasons that impede the achievement of the technical result indicated below when using the known device adopted for the prototype, the known device performs a single passage of the liquid being cleaned in the gap between the magnetic rods and, therefore, low efficiency of its cleaning from ferromagnetic impurities is ensured.

 The invention consists in the following.

 Each magnetic rod of the magnetic separator (see prototype) creates only two gaps with the magnetic rods adjacent to it along an infinite branch, and the efficiency of liquid cleaning depends on the number of gaps between the rods through which the liquid to be cleaned passes. This leads to an unreasonable increase in the number of magnetic rods and, consequently, to an increase in the material consumption of the structure in which the method is implemented to ensure the required quality of liquid purification. Therefore, to simplify the designs and reduce their material consumption, a cleaning method is required in which each magnetic rod of the magnetic separator branch creates more than two gaps with its neighboring magnetic rods (two gaps with magnetic rods adjacent to it along this endless branch located in series on this endless branches and several gaps with magnetic rods located on infinite branches located next to each other adjacent magnetic separators or a few gap a magnetic bars arranged on the endless branches embedded in each other magnetic separators) which extends contaminated liquid and cleaned. Creating each magnetic rods more gaps with adjacent rods, compared with the prototype, improves the efficiency of liquid purification, reduces the number of magnetic rods, which reduces the material consumption of the structure.

 EFFECT: increased efficiency of liquid purification from ferromagnetic particles.

 The specified technical result during the implementation of the invention is achieved by the fact that the contaminated liquid is additionally cleaned as it passes through the gaps between the magnetic rods located on different adjacent mating endless branches of the magnetic separators installed next to each other or built into each other, and the values of these gaps remain unchanged with motionless and with infinite branches of magnetic separators moving at the same speed and in the same direction, and the magnitudes of these gaps in vary with the endless branches of magnetic separators moving at different speeds and in different directions.

 The specified single technical result in the implementation of the group of inventions on the object-device is achieved by the fact that in the known device for cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles, including a container for the liquid to be cleaned, an infinite magnetic chain separator with magnetic rods fixed to it and a device for cleaning magnetic rods.

 The device’s peculiarity lies in the fact that one or more endless magnetic chain separators with magnetic rods fixed to them and devices for cleaning magnetic rods are mounted inside and adjacent to an endless chain magnetic separator, and the magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic chains are adjacent to one another the separators are interconnected and form gaps, and adjacent magnetic chain separators are arranged to move the conjugated magnetic rods in the same or in opposite directions.

 The claimed group of inventions meets the requirement of unity of invention, since the group of diverse inventions forms a single inventive concept, moreover, one of the claimed objects of the group — a device for cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles — is intended to implement another claimed object of the group — a method for cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles. In this case, both objects of the group of inventions are aimed at solving the same problem with obtaining a single technical result.

 The analysis of the prior art by the applicant, including a search by patent and scientific and technical sources of information and identification of sources containing information about analogues of the claimed group of inventions for both the device object and the method object, allowed to establish that the applicant did not find analogues for both method, and for the device of the claimed group, characterized by features identical to all the essential features of both the method and the device of the claimed group of inventions. The definition from the list of identified analogues of the prototype, both for the method and for the device, as the closest in the totality of the features of analogues, allowed us to establish a set of significant distinctive features for each of the claimed objects of the group set forth in the claims in relation to the technical result perceived by the applicant.

 Therefore, each of the objects of the group of inventions meets the condition of "novelty."

To verify the compliance of each object of the claimed group of inventions with the condition "inventive step", the applicant conducted an additional search for known solutions in order to identify signs that match the distinctive features of the selected prototypes for each object of the claimed group of inventions. The search results showed that each object of the claimed group of inventions does not follow explicitly from the prior art for the specialist, since the influence of the transformations provided for by the essential features of each of the objects of the claimed group of inventions on the achievement of the technical result is not revealed from the prior art, in particular in each of the objects of the claimed group of inventions the following transformations are not provided:
- addition of a known product by any known part (s) attached to it (by) according to known rules, in order to achieve a technical result in respect of which the effect of such an addition is established;
- replacement of any part (s) of a known product with another known part to achieve a technical result, in respect of which the effect of such a replacement is established;
- the exclusion of any part (element, action) of the product with the simultaneous exclusion of its function and the achievement of the usual result for such exclusion (simplification, reduction of mass, dimensions, material consumption, increased reliability, reduced process time, etc.);
- an increase in the number of elements of the same type, actions, to enhance the technical result due to the presence in the tool of precisely such elements, actions;
- the implementation of a known tool or part (s) of a known material to achieve a technical result due to the known properties of this material;
- creating a tool consisting of known parts, the choice of which and the connection between them are based on known rules, recommendations, and the technical result achieved in this case is due only to the known properties of the parts of this tool and the connections between them.

 The described group of inventions is not based on a change in a quantitative sign (s), the presentation of such signs in relationship or a change in its form. This refers to the case when the fact of the influence of each of these characteristics on the technical result is known, and new values of these signs or their relationship could be obtained on the basis of known dependencies and patterns.

 Therefore, each of the objects of the claimed group of inventions meets the condition of "inventive step".

 The essence of the proposed method is illustrated by graphic materials (Fig. 1-8). In FIG. 1-3, 5, 6 show the arrangement of magnetic rods in magnetic chain separators. In FIG. 4, 7, 8 are diagrams of chain magnetic separators.

 In FIG. 1-4, 5, 6 are shown consisting of magnetic rods 1-9 of diameter d, fragments of infinite branches of cartridge magnetic separators 10, 11, 12 (Fig. 4) equipped with devices for regenerating magnetic rods 13, 14, 15. Magnetic separators are installed in the tank 16 having nozzles for supplying contaminated liquid 17, 18 and a pipe for draining the purified liquid 19.

 The designs of cartridge magnetic separators 20, 21, 22 are shown in FIG. 7, separators 20, 21, 22, 26 - in FIG. 8.

 In FIG. 4 shows cartridge magnetic separators 10, 11, 12 built into each other.

 In FIG. 7 shows cartridge magnetic separators 20, 21, 22 located next to each other and equipped with devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 23, 24, 25.

 In FIG. 8 shows cartridge magnetic separators 21, 26, built into each other and equipped with devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 24, 27 and cartridge magnetic separators 20, 26, 22, located next to each other, equipped with devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 23, 27, 25 The magnetic separators shown in FIG. 7, 8, are installed in containers 16 having nozzles for supplying contaminated liquid 17, 18 and a nozzle for discharging purified liquid 19.

 Information confirming the possibility of implementing each object of the claimed group of inventions with obtaining the above technical result.

 According to the object - the method, the sequence of actions when implementing the proposed method is as follows. A contaminated liquid with a concentration of ferromagnetic mechanical impurities C = 2.0 g / l in it passes with a speed of VI through the gaps between adjacent magnetic rods 1 and 2, 2 and 3 of the magnetic separator 10, while being purified from ferromagnetic particles. The liquid being cleaned moves in a direction that does not coincide with the longitudinal axes of the magnetic rods. Continuing to move, the fluid enters the gaps between the magnetic rods of the adjacent magnetic separators 10 and 11 (into the gaps between the rods 1 and 5, 2 and 5, 2 and 6, 3 and 6, 3 and 4), where it is additionally cleaned of ferromagnetic particles. Further, the cleaning process proceeds by analogy. The liquid is cleaned of ferromagnetic particles, passing in the gaps between adjacent magnetic rods 5 and 6, 4 and 6 of the next magnetic separator 11. Then the liquid is cleaned further, passing in the gaps between the magnetic rods 4 and 9, 6 and 9, 6 and 8, 5 and 8, 5 and 7 of separators 11 and 12. After that, the liquid is cleaned by passing in the gaps between adjacent magnetic rods 9 and 8, 8 and 7 of the branches of the magnetic separator 12. The residual concentration of ferromagnetic solids in the liquid after cleaning is 0.01 g / l.

 When using the method implemented in the prototype, each rod creates with the rods adjacent to each other on the branch only two equal in size gaps. When using the proposed method, the number of gaps formed by each rod together with neighboring rods of an adjacent magnetic separator may be different. If the magnetic rod is located on the extreme separator (for example, the separator 10), the number of gaps can be equal to four (between the rod 2 and the rods 1, 5, 6, 3) (Fig. 1). If the magnetic rod belongs to a magnetic separator (for example, the separator 11) located between two other separators 10 and 12, then the number of gaps can be equal to six (between the rod 6 and the rods 5, 2, 3, 4, 9, 8) and equal to eight (between the rod 6 and the rods 5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 9, 8, 7).

 The method implemented in the prototype allowed the liquid to be cleaned during its passage in the gaps between adjacent magnetic rods of only the magnetic separator (for example, in the gaps between the rods 1 and 2, 2 and 3 (separator 10), 4 and 6, 5 and 6 (separator 11), 7 and 8, 8 and 9 (separator 12)). That is, every three rods of each magnetic separator form two gaps with each other (excluding the extreme rods), and the nine rods of three magnetic separators 10, 11, 12 considered by us could form six gaps, passing through which the liquid was cleaned (provided that the gaps that can form the extreme magnetic rods 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 with magnetic rods, which are not shown in Fig. 1) are taken into account. In the claimed embodiment of the cleaning method, the liquid, in addition to the listed six gaps, passes through ten more gaps between the magnetic rods 1 and 5, 2 and 5, 7 and 5, 8 and 5, 2 and 6, 3 and 6, 9 and 6, 8 and 6 , 3 and 4, 4 and 6 of adjacent mating zigzag parts of the branch (also provided that gaps that can form the outermost magnetic rods 1, 3, 4, 5, 7, 9 with the magnetic rods, which in Fig. 1-, are not taken into account 2 not shown). When passing through additional gaps, the probability of removal of ferromagnetic particles increases, the quality of liquid cleaning improves. To create sixteen gaps (such a total number of gaps is formed when using the proposed method) in the prototype will need to additionally install another fifteen magnetic rods. The total number of rods in the prototype will increase to twenty-four. Thus, the proposed method with the same quality of cleaning as in the prototype, will allow 2.6 (two point six tenths) times to reduce the number of magnetic rods in the zone of liquid purification and, therefore, reduce the intensity of the structure.

 When using the same number of magnetic rods in the claimed method and in the prototype, the degree of purification, ceteris paribus, when using the proposed method will increase by (2-5)% compared with the prototype in the case when the speeds of adjacent or integrated separators and the direction of movement of the mating the magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic separators are different (Fig. 5).

 In the case when the speeds of the adjacent or integrated separators and the direction of movement of the mating magnetic rods of the adjacent magnetic separators can be the same and can be different, the degree of purification when using the proposed method compared with the prototype is higher (4-8)% (Fig. 6 )

 In the case when the speeds of the adjacent or integrated separators and the direction of movement of the mating magnetic rods of the adjacent magnetic separators can be the same and can be different, the degree of purification when using the proposed method compared with the prototype is higher (10-15)% (Fig. 1 , 3).

 In the case when the speeds of adjacent or integrated separators and the direction of movement of the mating magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic separators can be the same and can be different, the degree of purification when using the proposed method is higher by (1-3)% compared with the prototype (Fig. 2 )

 The rods (1-3) belong to the infinite branch of the first magnetic separator 10 and move with speed V2 in the direction coinciding with the direction of motion of the magnetic rods (4-6) belonging to the infinite branch of the second separator 11, moving with speed V3 = V2. The magnetic rods (7-9), belonging to the infinite branch of the third magnetic separator 12, also move with a speed of V4 = V3 = V2, and the direction of their movement coincides with the direction of motion of the branches of the first (rods (1-3)) and the second (rods (4 -6)) separators. The gap between adjacent magnetic rods of the infinite branch of each magnetic separator, for example, between magnetic rods 1 and 2, 2 and 3, 4 and 6, 6 and 5, 7 and 8, 8 and 9, is characterized by the parameter a, which is a constant, depending on the ratio of the magnitude of the diameter of the magnetic rods d and the pitch between the axes of the adjacent magnetic rods h. The gaps between the magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic separators are characterized by the parameters b, c, e, f, x.

 The parameter b is the minimum possible gap (b> 0) between the surfaces of the magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic separators (provided that the horizontal axes of the magnetic rods coincide), for example, between the magnetic rods 3 and 4, 2 and 6.1 and 5, 4 and 9, 6 and 8, 5 and 7, must be greater than zero and greater than the value of d (x = d + b) (Fig. 2). In this case, the distances to neighboring magnetic rods of various separators whose horizontal axes do not coincide are characterized by the parameters cl and el.

 If the horizontal axes of the adjacent magnetic rods of the various separators do not coincide, then the distances between the surfaces of the magnetic rods along with the above parameters are characterized by parameters c and e (Fig. 1).

 A special case is the variant (Fig. 3), when the distance between the vertical axes of the magnetic rods x of adjacent magnetic separators, for example 1, 2, 3 and 4, 5, 6, is less than the value of d (x = d + f). The magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic separators are staggered, occupying each other a portion of the space between the magnetic rods. This arrangement of magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic separators is possible only when the speeds of the separators 10,11,12 are equal to V2 = V3 = V4 and the directions of movement of the magnetic cartridges of the magnetic separators 10, 11,12 are the same. Otherwise, when the magnetic rods, for example 1 and 5, belonging respectively to two magnetic separators 10 and 11, move towards each other (their directions of movement do not coincide), they will touch, which is unacceptable. The contact of the magnetic rods will occur if their directions of motion coincide and the speeds are different (for example, V2 is not equal to V3).

 Various combinations of the directions of motion of the magnetic rods of the separators 10-12 (Fig. 4) and 21.26 (Fig. 8), built into each other, and the separators 20, 21, 22 (Fig. 7.8), located next to each other , as well as various combinations of the speeds of the magnetic rods of the separators (provided that the speeds of the separators can be equal and not equal to each other) can be applied only provided that the parameter b> 0 (Fig. 5,6).

 The most preferred case is when b> 0, the speeds of the magnetic separators are the same, and the directions of motion of the mating magnetic rods of the adjacent separators are the same, the condition h = h1 + h2 (h1 = h2) is fulfilled (Fig. 1). A case is also preferable under the same conditions, but for f> 0 (Fig. 3), however, the performance of cleaning the liquid will be lower than in the case shown in Fig. 1, since ceteris paribus the gaps c and e will be smaller in magnitude. The embodiment of FIG. 3, it is preferable, if necessary, to highly efficiently clean the liquid from fine ferromagnetic solids with a low concentration of impurities in the liquid being cleaned and with a low cleaning capacity in the magnetic separator. The embodiment of FIG. 1, it is preferable when cleaning more contaminated liquids and with greater cleaning performance.

 The arrangement of magnetic rods shown in FIG. 1.3, the most effective for cleaning liquids from mechanical impurities.

 The least preferred arrangement of the magnetic rods shown in FIG. 2, when the horizontal axis of the magnetic rods, adjacent magnetic separators coincide. In this case, cleaning is carried out mainly in the gaps between the magnetic rods of each magnetic separator, for example, in the gaps between the rods 1 and 2, 2 and 3, 4 and 6, 6 and 5, 7 and 8, 8 and 9, and in the gaps between magnetic rods of adjacent magnetic separators, for example, between rods 1 and 5, 1 and 6, 2 and 6, 2 and 4, etc., is practically not carried out. As a result, the cleaning efficiency in the circuit shown in FIG. 2, lower than with the circuits shown in FIG. 1.3.

 When implementing cleaning schemes, when the speeds of the mating magnetic rods of adjacent or integrated separators do not coincide, and the directions of movement of the magnetic rods can be the same or different (for example, the cases shown in Fig. 5,6), there is a constant alternation of the magnetic arrangement the rods of FIG. 1 and 2. This leads to the fact that the cleaning efficiency is somewhat higher than in the case shown in FIG. 2, but always lower than in the case shown in FIG. 1.

 In FIG. 4 shows a device for cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles, consisting of magnetic separators 10, 11, 12 built into each other, equipped with devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 13, 14, 15. The device is installed in a container 16, which has nozzles 17, 18 for supplying contaminated and drainage of purified 19 liquid.

 The device shown in FIG. 4 and intended to implement the claimed method, works as follows.

 Contaminated liquid enters the tank 16 through the nozzles 17,18, passes in the gaps between the magnetic rods of the magnetic separators 10,11,12, is cleaned of ferromagnetic solids and is removed from the tank 16 through the pipe 19 to drain the cleaned liquid. Mechanical impurities are removed from the surfaces of the magnetic rods of the magnetic separators 10, 11, 12 by means of devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 13, 14, 15.

 In FIG. 7 shows a device for cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles, consisting of magnetic separators 20, 21, 22 installed next to each other, equipped with devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 23, 24, 25. The device is installed in a container 16 having nozzles 17, 18 for supply contaminated and discharged purified 19 fluid.

 The device shown in FIG. 7 and intended to implement the claimed method, works as follows.

 The contaminated liquid enters the tank 16 through the nozzles 17, 18, passes in the gaps between the magnetic rods adjacent to the walls of the tank 16, the magnetic separators 20 and 22, previously cleaned of ferromagnetic solids. Then, the pre-cleaned liquid is further cleaned by passing in the gaps between the magnetic rods of the separators 20 and 22 adjacent to the magnetic separator 21, then it is further cleaned by passing in the gaps jointly formed by the magnetic rods of the separators 20 and 21, 22 and 21, it is finally cleaned by passing in the gaps between the magnetic rods of the separator 21. After that, the purified liquid is removed from the tank 16 through the pipe 19. Mechanical impurities are removed from the surfaces of the magnetic rods of the magnetic separators 20, 21, 22 in the middle devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 23, 24, 25.

 In FIG. Figure 8 shows a device for cleaning liquid from ferromagnetic particles, consisting of magnetic separators 26 and 21 built into each other, installed next to magnetic separators 26 and 21 of magnetic separators 20 and 22, equipped with devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 23, 24, 25, 27. The device is installed in a tank 16 having nozzles 17, 18 for supplying contaminated and discharging purified 19 liquid.

 The device shown in FIG. 8 and designed to implement the claimed method, works as follows.

 The contaminated liquid enters the tank 16 through the nozzles 17, 18, passes in the gaps between the magnetic rods adjacent to the walls of the tank 16, the magnetic separators 20 and 22, previously cleaned of ferromagnetic solids. Then, the pre-cleaned liquid is further purified by passing in the gaps between the magnetic rods of the separators 20 and 22 adjacent to the magnetic separator 26, then it is further purified by passing in the gaps jointly formed by the magnetic rods of the separators 20 and 26, 22 and 26, and then further purified by passing into the gaps between the magnetic rods of the separator 26, then is further cleaned, passing in the gaps jointly formed by the magnetic rods of the separators 21 and 26, then is finally cleaned, passing in the gaps between m the magnetic rods of the separator 21. After that, the purified liquid is removed from the tank 16 through the pipe 19. Mechanical impurities are removed from the surfaces of the magnetic rods of the magnetic separators 20, 21, 22, 26 by means of devices for the regeneration of magnetic rods 23, 24, 25, 27.

Thus, the above information indicates the fulfillment of the following set of conditions when using the claimed group of inventions:
- a tool embodying the claimed method and device in their implementation, is intended for use in industry, namely in the field of engineering for the purification of cutting fluids and other process fluids from mechanical impurities;
- for the claimed group of inventions, as described in the independent claims of the claims, the possibility of their implementation using the means and methods described in the application or known prior to the priority date is confirmed.

 Therefore, the claimed invention meets the condition of "industrial applicability".

Claims (2)

 1. A method of cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles, in which the contaminated liquid is cleaned in a magnetic chain separator as it passes through unchanged gaps between the magnetic rods adjacent to each other and located on an endless branch of the magnetic separator, characterized in that the liquid is further purified when its passage through the gaps between the magnetic rods located on different adjacent mating endless branches of magnetic separators installed next to each other or in built into each other, and the values of these gaps remain unchanged when the magnetic separators are stationary and moving at the same speed and in the same direction, and the values of these gaps change when the magnetic separators are moving at different speeds and in different directions.  2. A device for cleaning liquids from ferromagnetic particles, including a container for the liquid being cleaned, an infinite magnetic chain separator with magnetic rods fixed to it, and a device for cleaning magnetic rods located inside the tank, characterized in that one or more endless magnetic separators are installed inside the tank chain magnetic separators with magnetic rods fixed to them and devices for cleaning magnetic rods, the magnetic rods being adjacent of the magnetic chain separators built into each other are conjugated to each other and form gaps, and adjacent magnetic chain separators are arranged to move the conjugated magnetic rods in the same or in opposite directions.

Images