RU2162282C1 - Pull-type baler - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: pull-type baler has cardan transmission, spoke, binding unit, hydraulic system, pressing unit, compression chamber, pickup, and feeder. Pressing unit is made in the form of endless belts turned over roll system for defining loop with inlet end positioned at outer side of belt pattern. One roll of roll system is arranged so as to correct pressing belt position. Pressing belt system has no more than two pressing strips with total width equal to that of compression chamber. Such construction allows overlapping and entanglement of pressing belts to be eliminated and loss of material to be reduced due to decreased number of gaps between pressing belts. EFFECT: increased efficiency, simplified construction and enhanced reliability in operation. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of agricultural engineering and can be used for pressing hay and other similar materials.

 Known press for pressing hay, etc. materials with the formation of a cylindrical bale by rolling mass between the moving branches of flexible working bodies, the pressing device is made in the form of one endless belt thrown through a system of rollers and forming a loop with an entrance from the outside of the belt loop, one of the rollers being movable and connected with a tension device, and the roller installed at the entrance to the loop is also movable and fixed when the bale is formed in the required position [1].

 The disadvantage of this design is the lack of pick-up feeder.

 The closest technical solution to the proposed one is a press for pressing hay and similar materials with the formation of a bale of cylindrical shape by rolling the mass between moving flexible working bodies, including an autonomous hydropneumatic system for tensioning the working bodies, consisting of a hydropneumatic accumulator and a hydraulic cylinder, an autonomous hydropneumatic system equipped with an adjustment valve, a hollow axis was used as a container for a hydropneumatic accumulator ama, hydraulic cylinders are provided outside cavity ducts for connection to the tractor hydraulic system [2].

 A disadvantage of the known design is the presence of a large number of pressing belts and, accordingly, gaps between them, which leads especially at the beginning of pressing to tangles and overlap of the belts, and in the formation zone of the roll, to an increase in losses of fine fractions of the pressing material, which reduces the quality and nutrition of the feed, and the presence of the conveyor complicates the design and leads to an increase in failures, winding on the rollers of the pressed mass, to the selection of all kinds of mechanical inclusions (stones), causing breakdowns and failures.

 Replacement of failed pressing belts in a known design requires significant disassembly of the press itself, which leads to an increase in the complexity of maintenance and the recovery time of the baler. The location of the tensioner system does not allow the formation of large rolls and, at the same time, increases the dimensions of the baler.

 The purpose of the invention is to increase productivity, operational reliability and stability, simplifying the design, reducing the complexity when replacing the pressing belts, improving the convenience of maintenance and operation, as well as reducing losses of the pressed material and improving the quality and nutritional value of feed.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in a trailed baler containing a pressing device made in the form of endless belts thrown through a system of rollers and forming a loop with an entrance from the outside of the belt loop, a tensioner of the pressing belts, an autonomous hydropneumatic system with an adjustment valve for tensioning the working bodies consisting of a hydropneumatic accumulator and a hydraulic cylinder, a pressing chamber, a strapping apparatus, a pick-up and a feeder, in the system of rollers one of the rollers is installed in zmozhnostyu correction of the pressing belts, which, in turn, are in the form of not more than two pressing belts, whose total width equals the width of the press chamber, wherein the shaft runner is provided with an additional transmission kinematically connected to the shaft of the pickup attachment.

 In FIG. 1 schematically shows the proposed trailed baler, FIG. 2 is a kinematic diagram.

 The trailed baler (Fig. 1) consists of a cardan drive 1, a snits 2, a binding device 3, a hydraulic system 4, pressing belts 5, a pressing chamber 6, a pick-up 7, a feeder 8, a wheel drive with a drive 9, a valve of the pressing chamber 10 , the tensioner of the pressing belts 11, and in FIG. 2 shows a system of rollers, consisting of rollers 12 - 18, a block of knives 19, a mechanism for correcting the movement and size of the pressing belts 20, the shaft 21 of the feeder 8 is kinematically connected with the mounting shaft 22 of the pick-up 7 with an additional gear 23.

 The tensioner 11 of the pressing belts (tapes) 5 is installed on the outside of the pressing chamber 6, covered by the pressing belts 5 from the side of the outer contour, while the pressing belts 5 are made in the form of no more than two pressing tapes, the total width of which is equal to the width of the pressing chamber 6, which allows eliminate overlapping and tangling of the pressing belts and significantly reduce losses of the pressed material (hay, straw, flax) by reducing the number of gaps in the pressing belts, and the roller 12 in the roller system is installed with the possibility of correction the movement and size of the pressing tapes, which allows them to be tensioned and to prevent displacement on the surface of the roller system 12-18, and the additional gear 23, which kinematically connects the pick-up shaft 22 of the pick-up 7 to the shaft 21 of the feeder 8, makes it possible to deflect the feeder 8 upon contact foreign inclusions in the pressed mass.

 The baler works in aggregate with the tractor, while the pick-up feeder, depending on the operating conditions of the machine, can be located on the side or along the track of the tractor (Fig. 1). The initial position of the baler mechanisms is shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2. The pick-up 7 is omitted, the ends of its teeth deviate from the ground, the pressing belts 5, made in the form of one or two pressing tapes along the width of the pressing chamber 6, cover the roller system 12-18 with an inner contour and have a slight slack, and form between the drive drum the course with the drive 9 and the lower roller 18 of the pressing chamber, a loop-shaped bend 24, in which the embryo of the roll is formed, the pressing chamber 6 is fixed in the closed position, the tensioner of the pressing belts 11 due to the hydraulic system 4 has pulled as much as possible cutting belts 5, the needle of the binding apparatus 3 is raised up, the end of the twine hanging from the needle is pressed against the knife block 19.

 When the unit moves along the roll and the rotation of the press mechanisms, the pick-up 7 picks up rolls of hay, straw or rows of flax and feeds it to the feeder 8, which captures, compresses the stem mass and pushes it through the inlet window 25 into the loop-shaped kink of belts 24. Under the action of rotation of the pressing belts 5, the inflection of the incoming mass layer occurs, and a loop-like embryo of the roll is formed. As the pressed mass arrives, the roll, increasing in diameter, increases the size of the loop. The stronger the pressing belts 5 are tensioned, the greater the preliminary compression of the layer by the roller 21 of the feeder 7, the higher the pressing density.

 When the roll reaches a predetermined size, the belt tensioner 11 includes a binding apparatus 3, which drives the needle with the twine stretched through it, as a result of which the end of the twine hanging from the needle enters the layer of the stalk mass of the roll and is pulled together with it into the bale chamber.

 Twine is wound onto a roll in a helical line. When the strapping of the roll is completed, the twine is pressed against the knife block 19 and cut, at the same time, the back valve of the pressing chamber 6 is opened and the roll is thrown to the ground under the action of tension of the pressing belts 5.

 After ejecting the roll, the back valve of the pressing chamber 6 and the tensioner of the pressing belts 11 return to their original position, and the process is repeated in the same sequence.

 Using the proposed technical solution will improve productivity, operational reliability and stability, simplify the design, reduce the complexity of replacing pressing belts, improve the convenience of maintenance and operation, as well as reduce the loss of pressed material and improve the quality and nutritional value of feed.

Sources of information
1. Copyright certificate N 178595, IPC A 01 f, BI N 3, 1966.

 2. Copyright certificate N 411805, IPC A 01 f 15/00, BI N 3, 1974 (prototype).

Claims (1)

 A trailed baler containing a pressing device made in the form of endless belts thrown through a system of rollers and forming a loop with an entrance from the outside of the belt loop, a tensioner of the pressing belts, an autonomous hydropneumatic system with an adjustment valve for tensioning the working bodies, consisting of a hydropneumatic accumulator and a hydraulic cylinder, a press chamber, a strapping apparatus, a pick-up and a feeder, characterized in that in the system of rollers one of the rollers is installed with the possibility of sections of pressing belts, which, in turn, are made in the form of no more than two pressing tapes, the total width of which is equal to the width of the pressing chamber, while the feeder shaft is equipped with an additional transmission kinematically connected with the pick-up shaft.

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