RU2162211C1 - Test bed to try out process of separation of units of moving object - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering, testing equipment modeling processes of separation of spent parts of space objects. SUBSTANCE: according to invention test bed includes bed frame simulating major part of object, mock-up of spent part, units mating parts, system simulating forces acting on spent part and transmitters of linear displacement of separated parts. Bed frame and mock-up are mounted uniaxially along vertical line. Mock-up include bar that can accommodate separable discs. Bed frame has hole through which force driver contacting bar is passed. Pyrotechnic fixing aids are installed in mating units. Ropes of transmitters of linear displacement are not parallel when withdrawn. Invention makes it possible to simulate many times and more completely loads emerging with separation on mass and size mock-up and to record large relative displacement. EFFECT: more thorough study of separation processes. 1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering and can be used to create bench equipment for testing processes of separation of nodes of moving objects, in particular spent parts (nodes) of space objects. In the process of separation of these objects, a complex of interconnected loads, varying in time and depending on the relative position of the parts to be separated, acts. They are difficult to calculate and require experimental testing. In the vast majority of cases, the main force acting during the separation and created, for example, by spring, pneumatic, hydraulic, pyrotechnic pushers, changes along the separation path. And disturbing (lateral) loads are often variable, increasing in time. Known stands for testing solid propellant rocket engines in horizontal, vertical and inclined positions (see, for example, slipways and stands from the book "Design and testing of solid propellant rocket engines", authors AM Vinnitsky et al. M .: Engineering, 1980, p. 98-107) . Considering that the least influence of gravity on the separation process will be in the case when its direction coincides with the direction of the main force, a stand with a vertical axis arrangement is selected as a prototype. It is presented in fig. 7.3 of the same source (p. 100). The stand contains a frame made in the form of a base plate mounted on several racks, a suspension, a measurement system including a force measuring transducer and a measuring belt for recording lateral forces and movements.

Such a stand, as equipment for practicing the process of separating units of rocket-space complex products and other engineering products, has the following disadvantages:
the use of a standard product carries an increased danger and a high cost of testing;
there is no system for simulating the loads acting upon separation;
The measuring belt does not have the ability to record large movements.

 In addition, it should be borne in mind that existing exciters (electric, hydraulic, pneumatic) cannot simulate short-term (τ≈ 0.1 ... 1s) loads increasing in time that are characteristic of the separation process, for example, of rocket and spacecraft.

 An object of the present invention is to remedy these drawbacks. The technical result is achieved by the fact that in the stand containing the frame that simulates the main part of the object, the dimensional-mass-centering model of the spent part, the nodes of their docking, the simulation system acting on the spent part of the forces and the linear displacement sensors of the separated nodes of the object, the bed and the overall-mass -centric layout installed coaxially with a vertical axis. The overall mass-and-centering model contains a rod with the possibility of installing removable disks on it, and a hole is made in the frame through which a pusher in contact with the rod is passed. At the same time, pyrotechnic locking and fixing devices are installed in the docking nodes, and linear displacement sensors are placed on the bed and installed so that their cables are not parallel when extended. A harpoon device is fixed at the lower end of the rod, by which the mockup, after falling, interacts with bulk material, such as sand.

 The drawing shows a General view of the proposed stand. It consists of a bed 3, simulating the rigidity and docking dimensions of the main part of the object, mounted on racks 2 attached to the base 1. On the same base is a container 7 with bulk material, such as sand 15. A hole is made in the frame 3 through which a hole is passed in an upright position, a pneumatic exciter 4 in contact with the overall mass-centering model 8. The latter has regular docking units 14 with a pyrotechnic locking and fixing device that are installed in special sockets 3. tannins layout comprises a rod 9 with the possibility of regulated along the length of the installation and fixing thereon removable disks 10. At the lower end of the rod is fixed harpoon device 16, which layout, after the fall, is reacted with particulate material, for example sand.

 The plane of the junction of the II layout with the bed (see Fig. 1) can be non-perpendicular to the axis of the exciter 4, which is mounted on the brackets 13, which have the possibility of a regulated change of the contact point of the pusher with the supporting fifth of the layout, for example, due to two oval holes with mutually perpendicular large axes . To simulate lateral loads on racks 2 installed pyrotechnic exciters 6. Linear displacement sensors 12 are mounted on racks 2 and are connected to the layout of 8 cables 11, the directions of which are parallel to each other.

 The stand operates as follows.

 On the model 8, disks 10 are mounted on the rod 9, providing the specified mass-centering parameters (mass, center of gravity, moment of inertia).

 With a lifting device, the model is brought to the bed 3 and fixed on it with standard docking units 14.

 Install and configure: pneumatic exciter 4, pyrotechnic exciters 6, linear displacement sensors 12 and cable system 11, which provides registration of the axial movement of the center of mass of the layout and its angular distortions in the process of movement after the operation of the locking-fixing device.

 The exciter 4 is cocked and an electrical signal is supplied to the exciters 6 and the pyrotechnic devices of the SFU. When activated, the latch removes the connection of the layout 8 with the bed 3.

 Under the influence of gravity and regulated in the direction and magnitude of the forces of exciters, the model falls down into the tank with sand, interacting with it with its harpoon part 16. In this case, the parameters of points A, B, C, D, E, F are recorded (see Fig. 1 ) displacement sensors, which, using the parameters of the cable system 11, calculate the trajectory of the center of mass and the skew angles of the layout during the separation process.

Thus, the use of the proposed stand will allow:
- carry out the refinement of the process of separating the nodes from the main part of the object with the registration of the trajectory parameters of the movement of the separated part;
- to exclude the manufacture, assembly, transportation of standard products to the place of testing, thereby minimizing the risk of testing and financial costs;
- to carry out multiple use of the components of the stand.

Claims (2)

 1. A stand for working out the processes of separating the corners of a moving object, containing a bed that simulates the main part of the object, a dimensional-mass-centering model of the spent part of the object, nodes for docking these parts, a system for simulating the forces acting on the spent part, and linear movement sensors of the separated parts of the object with cables characterized in that the bed and the overall mass-centering model are installed coaxially in the vertical position of their axes, the overall mass-centering model contains a rod made with the possibility of installing removable disks on it, and a hole is made in the frame through which a power exciter is in contact with the rod, moreover, pyrotechnic locking and fixing devices are installed in the indicated docking nodes, and the indicated linear displacement sensors are placed on the bed and installed so that their cables extension are not parallel.  2. The stand according to claim 1, characterized in that a harpoon device is installed at the lower end of the specified layout, and a container with bulk material, such as sand, is placed at the bottom of the stand.