RU2161110C1 - Stowage for solid waste, mainly for sewage disposal devices of manned space vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: sanitary-hygienic equipment used in manned space vehicles. SUBSTANCE: stowage has a body with intake and main tanks separated by a gate and a hinged cover at the inlet of the intake tank. A sealing gasket is installed at the inlet of the intake tank. The bottom of the main tank is detachable a grate is installed on the bottom in spaced relation, and a suction branch pipe with a sealed closer. The body has the shape of truncated cone. Installed on the smaller base of the latter is the sealed gasket of the hinged cover and detachable intake device, and the larger base carries the detachable bottom. EFFECT: enhanced comfort of conditions for a man, for example, vital activity of the crew members in a closed space of the manned space vehicle. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to sanitary equipment.

 Known capacity according to the copyright certificate 1756220 with priority from 05.15.90, a waste container according to the copyright certificate 1813684 A1, B 65 F 1/00 with priority from 04.07.90 and a waste container according to patent 1830040 A3, B65F 1/00 with priority from 01/11/91, designed to collect various waste and garbage.

 Capacity by a.s. 1756220 contains a case closed with a double leaf lid.

 Waste container by A.S. No. 1813684 contains a container with a removable lid, in which a loading window with a shutter is made.

 The waste container according to patent 1830040 contains a container with a removable shutter located on its neck.

The disadvantages of the known containers for waste is the inability to use them to collect solid waste in sanitation facilities on manned spacecraft for the following reasons:
- not ensured the tightness of the filled container, in which biological processes occur associated with an increase in internal pressure in the container;
- there is no isolation from the environment of solid waste when collecting them in a container;
- there is no possibility of suction of harmful gases and odors from the container.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed container is the waste container selected as a prototype according to the copyright certificate 1692908 A1, B 65 F 1/00 with a priority of 02/27/89, containing a container with a loading neck and mounted on the last lid.

 As can be seen from the image in a known design, the container is divided by a shutter in the form of a shutter into a receiving receptacle located above the shutter, and the main one, presented in the form of a housing, capacity.

The disadvantages of the known container include the impossibility of using it to collect solid waste in the form of inserts with feces in a sewage disposal device on manned spacecraft for the following reasons;
- this design does not provide a hygienic laying of liners with feces in the main container;
- there is no possibility of suction of harmful gases and odors from the container;
- during transportation and storage, empty containers occupy a large volume;
- the placement of the sealing gasket on the lid does not allow to install a receiving device on the container.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the comfort of the living conditions of the crew in a confined space of a manned spacecraft, the ability to install a sanitation device at the inlet of the receiving container of the container, maintaining the tightness of the container when using the sanitation device, and during long-term storage of a filled container undocked from the device, as well as reducing the volume occupied by spare empty containers during transportation and storage.

 This goal is achieved in that in a container for solid waste containing a housing with a receiving and main containers separated by a shutter and a hinged lid fixed at the inlet of the receiving container, in contrast to the known container, a sealing gasket is installed at the inlet of the receiving container, and not on the lid, which makes it possible to use it both for the sealed installation of the hinged lid and the removable receiving device of the sanitary-sanitary device, and the bottom of the main tank is removable, while on the bottom of the mouth ovlena grating with clearance, also the bottom is provided with a sealed otsosnym pipe stub.

 At the same time, the housing is proposed to be made in the form of a truncated cone, on the smaller base of which there is a sealed gasket of the hinged cover and a removable receiving device, and on a larger base - a removable bottom.

 The introduction of a grate on a removable bottom will not allow the liners with feces to clog the suction pipe. During long-term storage of a filled container, the sealed lid and plug will allow to maintain the tightness of the container after it is undocked from the sanitary-sanitary device. Placing a sealing gasket at the inlet of the receiving container in order to seal both the hinged lid and the receiving device, which will prevent harmful gases and odors from entering the living compartment.

 The execution of the case in the form of a truncated cone, on the smaller base of which is placed the sealing gasket of the hinged lid and a removable receiving device, will allow for more compact laying of liners with feces and, as a result, to ensure minimal water loss when the container is ventilated with transport air. The implementation of the removable bottom of the housing on a larger base of the cone will reduce the occupied space during separate storage and transportation of the housing and removable bottom, assembled in a package, for example of 5 pieces. This, in turn, will increase the comfort of the living conditions of the crew in a confined space of a manned spacecraft.

 The invention is illustrated by the drawings depicted in FIG. 1, 2, 3.

 In FIG. 1 shows a General view of the container for solid waste of the sanitary-sanitary device of manned spacecraft.

 The proposed container for solid waste contains a receiving tank 1, the main tank 2, a removable bottom 3, a hinged cover 4, fasteners 5, a sealing gasket 6, a grill 7 mounted on a removable bottom 3. A suction nozzle 8 with a sealed plug is installed on the removable bottom 3 9. The receiving 1 and the main 2 containers are separated by a shutter 10, which is mounted on the housing 11, and the housing is equipped with eyes 12 for mounting in a sanitary-sanitary device. The bottom 3 and the housing 11 are interconnected through a sealing element 13. In the container are collected liners with feces 14.

 In FIG. 2 shows a container with a docked receiving device 15, fixed fasteners 5 and sealed with a sealing gasket 6.

 In FIG. 3 shows a container in separate form for transportation and storage. Packages of cases 11 and removable bottoms 3 can be tightened with tapes 16 with tensioning devices 17 and intermediate spacers 18 installed.

 The container for solid waste works as follows.

 The container is installed in the sanitation device behind the eyes 12, located on the container body, located in the docking zone of the removable bottom, a hose connected to the suction nozzle 8 connected to the separation systems and filters and an air flow inducer, open the cover 4 and using fastening elements 5 and a sealing gasket 6 install the receiving device 15. For sealing and fastening the cover 4 and the receiving device 15, for example, you can use the following elements: on the neck of the receiving tank m Jet be installed a rubber ring for sealing the interface between the container and the receiver or hinged cover and the hinged bolts with wing nuts, and on the receiving device and the hinged cover are made identical grooves for fixing these bolts. The above proposed design will allow installing the receiving device of the sanitary-sanitary device in place of the folded-off lid of the receiving tank, due to the unification of the connecting dimensions of the hinged lid and the receiving device and the use of the same fastening and sealing elements for the hinged lid and the receiving device.

 When using the sanitation device, solid waste, falling into disposable liners for feces, is collected in the main tank, passing through the shutter 10 under the influence of the flow of transport air. The grill 7 prevents the liners with feces 14 from entering the suction nozzle 8 and leaves a channel for the passage of transport air, and the shutter 10 does not allow the liners with feces to get into the receiving tank after stopping the pumping of transport air.

 After filling the container, the receiving device 15 is undocked from it, the inlet of the receiving container 1 is closed with a lid 4 using the fastening elements 5 and the sealing gasket 6, the hose is disconnected from the suction pipe 8 and closed with a sealed plug 9, the container is removed from the sanitation device and sent for storage before disposal, and a new container is installed in place of the removed filled container.

 Thus, as a result of the use of the invention, the comfort of the living conditions of the crew in the enclosed space of the manned spacecraft is increased due to the preservation of the tightness of the container when using the sanitary-sanitary device, as well as during long-term storage of a filled container undocked from the device; moreover, the tight fitting of the receiving device eliminates the ingress of untreated air from the container into the living compartment, and small water losses during the transportation of air through the container make it possible to suck out harmful gases and ventilate the container, followed by separation of the liquid fraction and the removal of odors and return of purified air to the living compartment, as well as reduction volume occupied by spare empty containers.

Claims (2)

 1. A container for solid waste, mainly for sanitary-controlled devices of manned spacecraft, comprising a housing with a receiving and main tanks, separated by a shutter and fixed at the inlet of the receiving tank by a hinged lid and a sealing gasket, characterized in that the sealing gasket is placed at the entrance of the receiving tank and the bottom of the main tank is removable, while on the bottom of the main tank there is a grate installed with a gap, and the bottom of the main tank is equipped with a suction nozzle th with a sealed cap.  2. The container for solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the casing is made in the form of a truncated cone, on a smaller base of which a hinged lid of the receiving tank is installed, and on a larger base - a removable bottom.

Images