RU216062U1 - Controller for connecting microgeneration facilities to the distribution network - Google Patents

Abstract

The microgeneration facility connection controller (KPMG) is designed to control the operating parameters of microgeneration facilities (OMG) and disconnect them from the distribution network to prevent unauthorized supply of voltage from the MMG to the network of a sales organization during scheduled, repair and emergency recovery work on the line. KPMG performs a harmonic analysis of the quality of pleasant or delivered electricity up to the 20th harmonic according to the specified settings, turns off the OMG in case of excess harmonics in the network. Additionally, KPMG is used to account for electricity consumed from the grid and electricity delivered to the grid. KPMG is designed in a closed plastic case, with built-in breakers and with a connection to control an external breaker.

Description

DISCLOSURE OF UTILITY MODEL

The KPMG architecture is shown in Appendix A in figure 2.

KPMG contains a three-phase bidirectional direct-connected electricity meter (8), which provides accounting for separately consumed and output electricity to the network, a power quality indicator meter (9), built-in load breakers (10) to disconnect the consumer, a remote signaling module and a remote control module with an external disconnector (11 ), a GPRS modem communication module (12), which allows the meter to connect to automated commercial electricity metering systems (ASKUE) and telemechanics systems (TM), an RS-485 communication port (13) and an optical port (14) for setting up and calibrating KPMG .

To ensure the safety of the personnel of electric grid companies in the event of work on the lines, only the dispatcher of the grid company sends a command (via the GPRS channel) to completely guaranteed disconnection of the OMG from the network using an external breaker with confirmation of an open or closed state by telesignaling signals and transmission of this state through the channels connections to the ASKUE server.

The internal disconnector (10) is designed to enter a command limit in cases specified by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Shutdown (10) occurs at the command of the operator when restrictions are entered or when the permitted power consumption is exceeded. The inclusion (10) is carried out by the owner of the OMG when the conditions for removing restrictions are met or when the power consumption is reduced to the specified values.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to expand the functionality of metering devices with bidirectional metering of electricity (separately consumed and supplied to the network) and to meet the requirements of power grid enterprises to control the quantity and quality of electricity.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

From the prior art, an electronic multifunctional electric energy meter "Photon" No. 58850-14 in the State Register of Measuring Instruments is known.

Electronic multifunctional electric energy meters "Photon" (hereinafter referred to as the meter, meter) are designed to measure and account for active and reactive electric energy and power in two directions (forward and reverse), measure network parameters, monitor the main indicators of power quality (PQE), input of discrete signals (TS) and transmission of telecontrol signals (TU). The meters are designed to work in 3-wire and 4-wire electrical networks of industrial frequency alternating current power supply systems and can be connected through current transformers and voltage directly or through voltage transformers. The meter can be used both autonomously and as part of automated commercial metering systems (ASKUE) and technical electricity metering, dispatch control (ASDU). The principle of operation of the meter is based on the conversion of input current and voltage signals by the built-in measuring circuit on current transformers and resistive voltage dividers into voltages proportional to the measured values, and then analog-to-digital conversion of the resulting voltages into a digital code, followed by mathematical processing. Processing is carried out by a specialized integrated circuit with an ADC and a digital signal processor.

The meter has a non-volatile memory for storing data on electricity, power and network parameters, which stores information for at least 10 years, and a clock. The meter is powered both from the measuring voltage circuit and from an external backup power source. Switching to standby power and back is automatic. Modifications with TS and TU modules are powered only from an external source.

The liquid crystal display (LCD) with backlight has 4 lines of 16 characters each. The meter has a main RS-485 interface for parameterization and data transfer to AIIS KUE, an optical interface for parameterization and local data transfer, 1 or 2 additional RS-485, CAN, Ethernet interfaces for data transfer to various automated systems.

The disadvantages of electric energy meters of this type include:

1. The impossibility of completely disconnecting the migratory generation facility (MGF) from the network at the command of the dispatcher of the sales organization in case of work on the line using the GPRS channel transmission medium.

2. The impossibility of disconnecting the consumer of the migratory generation facility (OMG) in the event of poor quality electricity from the line.

3 The impossibility of disconnecting the consumer of the migratory generation facility (OMG) in case of exceeding the limits of electricity supplied to the line.

4 The impossibility of disconnecting the consumer of the migratory generation facility (OMG) in case of exceeding the limits of electricity consumed from the line.

The objective of the utility model is to create, on the basis of the specified metering device, a digital controller for the connection of microgeneration facilities (KPMG).

DISCLOSURE OF UTILITY MODEL

The KPMG architecture is shown in Appendix A in figure 2.

KPMG contains a three-phase bidirectional direct-connected electricity meter (8), which provides accounting for separately consumed and output electricity to the network, a power quality indicator meter (9), built-in load breakers (10) to disconnect the consumer, a remote signaling module and a remote control module with an external disconnector (11 ), a GPRS modem communication module (12), which allows the meter to connect to automated commercial electricity metering systems (ASKUE) and telemechanics systems (TM), an RS-485 communication port (13) and an optical port (14) for setting up and calibrating KPMG .

To ensure the safety of the personnel of electric grid companies in the event of work on the lines, only the dispatcher of the grid company sends a command (via the GPRS channel) to completely guaranteed disconnection of the OMG from the network using an external breaker with confirmation of an open or closed state by telesignaling signals and transmission of this state through the channels connections to the ASKUE server.

The internal disconnector (10) is designed to enter a command limit in cases specified by the legislation of the Russian Federation. Shutdown (10) occurs at the command of the operator when restrictions are entered or when the permitted power consumption is exceeded. The inclusion (10) is carried out by the owner of the OMG when the conditions for removing restrictions are met or when the power consumption is reduced to the specified values.

The technical result of the proposed utility model is to expand the functionality of metering devices with bidirectional metering of electricity (separately consumed and supplied to the network) and meet the requirements of power grid enterprises to control the quantity and quality of electricity generated by microgeneration, in accordance with the Federal Law of December 27, 2019 No. 471- Federal Law "On Amendments to the Federal Law "On the Electric Power Industry" in Part of the Development of Microgeneration", requirements to exclude the possibility of supplying voltage to the equipment of network enterprises from microgeneration during the maintenance and repair of networks, as well as quality control of surplus electricity supplied to the network.

The technical result of using the developed model is to ensure the reliability and versatility of the developed device, the possibility of flexible power management of consumers of the OMG, the transfer of excess electricity to the line, the prompt and reliable disconnection of the OMG from the line during emergency and restoration work on the line at the commands of the network company dispatcher.

Reliability is ensured through the use of previously developed methods for creating control systems in the energy sector, as well as existing developments in the development of hardware and software for telemechanics and supervisory control systems and automated electricity metering systems.

The hardware part was developed using modern instrumentation technologies (AutoCAD, Pcad) and modern electronic components (STM32 family of microcontrollers based on 32-bit ARM processor cores). The development of the controller's internal software is carried out in C++ (main development language) and C# (additional development language).

Versatility is achieved due to the modular and scalable structure, which makes it possible to provide the necessary set of channels for receiving telesignaling signals and generating telecontrol signals for a variety of applications as part of one controller.

Support for programmable logic allows the user to program KPMG for a wide range of tasks.

KPMG has the ability to supply both direct and alternating current.

The versatility of KPMG application is additionally provided by the support of SPODES, FOTON, IEC 60870-5-104 protocols.

The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved due to the fact that, in addition to a three-phase bidirectional direct-connected electricity meter, additional hardware and software modules are introduced into the composition of KPMG.

KPMG includes built-in controlled breakers (10) for each phase. Disconnection of breakers occurs at the command of the operator when restrictions are entered or when the permitted power consumption is exceeded. Switching on of circuit breakers is carried out by the owner of the OMG when the conditions for removing restrictions are met or when the power consumption is reduced to the specified values.

KPMG includes software modules that allow you to quickly control the external circuit breaker (6). External breaker - designed to create a gap between the distribution network and the inverter, in the case of work at the facilities of the electric grid company related to the disconnection of the power supply line. In addition, the control action on the external breaker can occur on the basis of a given algorithm based on the results of measuring power quality parameters (voltage, frequency, harmonic components of voltage, current).

KPMG has the ability to set limit values for monitored parameters. If the limit values of the controlled parameters are exceeded, KPMG switches off the switching device, records this fact in the internal event log and signals an emergency situation.

The limit value of the current in the absolute direction must not exceed the current corresponding to a power of 15 kW for a three-phase network of 380 V.

KPMG introduced an additional communication channel via the GSM network using a GPRS modem (12) to transfer packet data to the ASKUE server via the Internet (TCP/IP).

The connection controller is made in a typical serial closed case, with built-in circuit breakers and with the ability to connect to control an external circuit breaker.

The detailed KPMG model is shown in figure 3.

The main composition of the components that make up KPMG:

plastic case, with a transparent top cover and covers for the block and expansion boards (15);

block, for connecting the controller to a 380 V network (16);

current transformers as the main measuring elements (17);

built-in circuit breakers (10) for 90A or more;

the main board KPMG (18) with the elements of the device placed on it;

expansion board No. 1 (19);

expansion board No. 2 (20);

connection board (21).

The main board contains:

1) central controller (central processor (27));

2) power supply for 220 V (22);

3) backup power supply for 24 V (29);

4) voltage dividers (26);

5) shunts (32);

6) analog-to-digital converter (ADC(25));

7) LCD indicator board (23);

8) software download port (24);

9) RS-485 interface (13);

10) GPRS antenna (35);

11) SIM card holder (34)

12) Internal power module (33).

Expansion board #1 contains:

1) GPRS modem (12) with SIM card and antenna;

2) discrete input module (28).

Expansion board #2 contains:

1) telecontrol module (30);

2) 24V backup power connector (31).

The block diagram of the composition of KPMG is shown in figure 4.

All KPMG boards are placed inside the plastic base and covered with a transparent upper part of the plastic case. The contacts for the telesignaling and remote control module, as well as the SIM card slot, are located on the top side of the device and are covered with a cover that is fastened with screws. The terminal cover that covers the terminal block is also fastened with screws and is located at the bottom of the case.

KPMG is connected to the distribution network and the network of the macro-generation facility through a block (16), which is designed to operate in a network with a maximum current of at least 80A.

Built-in breakers (10) are located inside the housing under the main board of the device and are connected (soldered) to the main board through special contacts.

On the main board of the device (18), the main functional components are located: a central processing unit with memory, an analog-to-digital converter and an LCD screen. The STM32 central processor from STMicroelectronics is responsible for the main functionality, and the ADC of the ADE9000 brand from Analog Devices is responsible for the measuring part.

Information is displayed on the built-in multi-line LCD screen (23).

The telesignaling module located on the expansion board No. 1 (19) is responsible for the input of telesignaling signals. Also on this board is a GPRS modem (12) manufactured by Quectel, which is designed to connect KPMG with a top-level server.

To turn off the microgeneration facility in the event of work on the line or due to the issuance of low-quality electricity to the general distribution network, it is possible to send a signal to turn off from the remote control module (located on the expansion board No. 2 (20) to an external circuit breaker.

KPMG has several interfaces for configuring and reading events, readings and controller status. For configuration, use the RS-485 port (13), optical port (14) or GPRS communication. Readings and events can be read from the built-in LCD screen. The pages on the LCD screen are controlled using the menu button located on the front panel of the bay controller. The bay controller also has an indication of the consumption or return of active and reactive energy in the form of two red LEDs located next to the LCD screen.

The device has the following interfaces to perform a performance check, configure the controller, calibrate and verify it, as well as transfer data to the ASKUE server:

RS-485, data transfer rate of at least 9600 bps - 1 pc.;

built-in GPRS modem - 1 pc.;

optoport - 1 pc.

To work with automated power metering systems and telemechanics systems, the device supports the following open data transfer protocols:

for work as a part of ASKUE:

1) SPODES;

2) protocol "PHOTON";

to work as part of the SSPI:

1) IEC 60870-5-104.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show:

in fig. 1 - a block diagram of connecting KPMG to a microgeneration facility and a city 3-phase network is presented;

figure 2 shows the architecture of KPMG;

in fig. 3 - a detailed model of the KPMG design is presented;

in fig. 4 - a block diagram of the KPMG staff is presented;

in fig. 5 - general view of KPMG;

in fig. 6 - expansion board No. 1 is presented;

in fig. 7 - expansion board No. 2 is presented;

in fig. 8 - the KPMG power supply board is shown;

in fig. 9 - KPMG connection block is shown;

in fig. 10 - connectors of TS, TU modules and RS-485 interface are shown;

in fig. 11 - built-in circuit breaker KPMG;

in fig. 12 - solar panels of the microgeneration facility are presented;

in fig. 13 - the cabinet of the microgeneration facility is presented;

in fig. 14 - the workplace of the operator of the AMR control room (simulator) is presented.

IMPLEMENTATION OF UTILITY MODEL

The utility model was implemented taking into account the implementation of the stated requirements at the hardware and software levels.

In FIG. 5-14 shows the views of the main components of the KPMG hardware, as well as the hardware of the microgeneration facility.

Testing of the internal (built-in) software of the controller for the functions of telesignaling and telecontrol is carried out using the specialized software "Iec104TsTuTest".

To test the performance of KPMG, a methodology has been developed for testing the performance of nodes and the entire KPMG.

Claims (1)

Connection controller for microgeneration facilities (KPMG), containing a closed plastic serial case with a transparent top cover and covers for the block, blocks for connecting the controller to a 380V network connected to three measuring current transformers: the main board, on which the shunts connected to the measuring current transformers are located and ADC, ADC connected to voltage dividers connected to a 220V power supply and a built-in circuit breaker of at least 90 A, a central processor with memory and internal software, a liquid crystal indicator board, a connector with an RS-485 interface, an optical port, a technological connector for downloading software, an internal power supply module connected to a 220 V power supply and a 24 V backup power supply, characterized in that the built-in breaker consists of three load breakers soldered to the main board; two expansion boards are connected to the main board by means of a connecting board, while the first expansion board contains a connector for inputting telesignaling signals from an external circuit breaker to indicate its state and transmit this state via the RS-485 interface or via a GPRS modem, a GPRS antenna, a discrete inputs and is configured to install a SIM card, the second expansion board contains a telecontrol module for controlling an external circuit breaker and a connector for connecting a 24 V backup power connected via a connecting board to the first expansion board and the main board.

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