RU2159306C1 - Drainage system - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: land reclamation. SUBSTANCE: drainage system has collector, blind drains, inspection well, mouth structure, temporary open network consisting of furrows combined with open temporary drain connected with intake well. System has mole drains arranged in plan and in vertical plane along furrow line. Slots of mole drain are made both at upper and lower sides. Mole drains are mated with sand filling through lower slot. EFFECT: improved water-air control in root-habitant layer of heavy textured mineral soils by accelerated removal of surface and ground water. 2 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to land reclamation and can be used in the construction and operation of drainage systems.

 Known drainage system, consisting of a collector-drainage network, temporary dehumidifier, furrows (ridges, ridges), water intake well [1].

A disadvantage of the known drainage system is the following:
- the furrows divert surface water, but after its removal the soil is saturated for a certain time with moisture that the furrows cannot divert;
- drainage (closed collectors) intended for drainage of groundwater cannot reduce groundwater to the desired form of drainage in a short period of time.

 Known drainage system consisting of an open conductive network, mole drains [2].

The disadvantages of the known drainage system is the following:
- a significant part of the drained territory is occupied under open channels;
- difficulties in the operation of this system;
- difficulties in the movement of agricultural machinery.

 The purpose of the invention is to improve the regulation of the water-air regime in the root layer of the soil by accelerating the removal of surface, soil and groundwater.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that the drainage system, including a closed collector, drains (closed collectors), an inspection well, a temporary dehumidifier, furrows, a water intake well, is equipped with mole drains placed in plan and a vertical plane along the furrow line, and the mole drain slot is made as from its upper and lower sides, and through the lower slot, mole drains are associated with sand filling.

 The presence of mole drains allows to improve the water-air regime of the root layer of the soil by transferring part of the surface water from the furrows to the cavity of the mole drain, which accelerates the discharge of surface water, and after their discharge, the mole drain reduces the drainage time of soil and ground water, transferring moisture through sand filling to pottery drainage cavity.

 A comparison of the proposed solution with other technical solutions shows that mole drains, drainage backfill are widely known. However, when they are introduced into the drainage system in connection with the remaining elements in the inventive system, the above elements exhibit new properties, which leads to an improvement in the water-air regime of the root layer of the soil, an increase in the water-receiving capacity of this system and an acceleration of the removal of excess moisture.

 In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the drainage system in plan.

 The drainage system includes a collector 1, into which drains 2 flow, and a collector 1 is connected to a manhole 3 and a wellhead 4; the furrows 5 flow into the temporary dehumidifier 6, which is connected to the water intake well 7, and it is connected to the inspection well 3; mole drains 8 are placed along the line of furrows, 5 and mate with sand filling 9 through the lower slot 10.

 In FIG. Figure 2 shows a vertical section of part of the furrows, mole drains, sand bed and pottery drain.

 The drainage system operates as follows. Soil-ground water is diverted by drainage 2 to the collector 1, from which through the inspection well 3 and wellhead structure 4 - into the water intake.

 Water from precipitation falls into the furrows 5, through it flows into a temporary dehumidifier 6, from which it enters the water intake well 7, where several stages of purification take place, after which the water is discharged into the inspection well 3 and through the wellhead 4 to the water inlet.

 Soil water, as well as part of the water from the furrows 5, through the upper slot 11 enters the mole drain 8 and through it, through the lower slot 10 it enters the sand filling 9, from which it seeps into the pottery drain 2 and is discharged into the collector 1, from which through the viewing well 3 and wellhead 4 are discharged into the water intake.

 Currently, the question of draining heavy soils is very acute, and traditional methods of draining these soils using a drainage network collector do not give the desired results.

 The drainage system [1] using furrows and a water intake well makes it possible to solve this problem, however, the proposed technical solution allows redistributing the surface water flow and directing part of it to bypass the water intake well, which will ultimately reduce capital costs for the construction of this well and reduce operational expenses because the dimensions of the well will decrease. Redistribution of runoff will lead to a decrease in the discharge of pollutants into the water intake.

 In connection with the foregoing, it became necessary to develop a design of a drainage system that would be able to redistribute the surface runoff of water and reduce the discharge of pollutants into the water intake.

 Using the proposed design of the drainage system allows, in comparison with the existing ones, to redistribute and accelerate the drainage of surface and soil-ground waters and thereby improve the water-air regime of the root layer of heavy mineral soils.

Sources of information
1. Copyright certificate N 1818409, BI N 20, Description of the invention. M., VNIIGPE, 1993 (prototype).

 2. Kolpakov V.V., Sukharev I.P. Agricultural land reclamation.- M .: Kolos, 1981, p. 225-227.

Claims (1)

 A drainage system including a closed collector, drains (closed collectors), a manhole, a wellhead structure, a temporary open network consisting of grooves combined with an open temporary dryer, which is connected to a water intake well containing a housing and cleaning chambers installed inside the housing, separated partitions with gates, in the grooves of which water perforated pipes are connected connected to the supply pipe, the last cleaning chamber being connected by a pipeline to a well with a drain a nickel with a chemical cleaning filter and a beaker for receiving sediment from the above cleaning chambers, mounted above a water collector connected by a pipeline to an inspection well, characterized in that it is equipped with mole drains placed in plan and a vertical plane along the furrow line, and the mole drain slot is made as from its upper and lower sides, in addition, through the lower slot, mole drains are associated with a sand bed.

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