RU2159287C1 - Protein feed additive production process - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: feed industry. SUBSTANCE: invention provides method for preparing feed additive using yeast and bacteria and, as nutrient medium, distillery dregs, to which starch-containing stuff is added. Nutrient medium is subjected to hydrolysis at specified pH value and temperature. Amount of starch- containing stuff depends on mass-exchange characteristics of growth apparatus and ranges from 1 to 8%. EFFECT: reduced consumption of reagents, increased level of crude protein in final product, and increased productivity of process. 5 cl, 4 tbl, 4 ex

Description

 The invention relates to biotechnology, and in particular to a method for producing protein feed additives, and can be used in the microbiological industry for the production of feed protein.

A known method for producing a feed protein supplement (patent RU N 2054880), in which when preparing a nutrient medium, in addition to waste flour milling, ground grain is used as an additional source of carbon nutrition. In this case, both components are separately in suspension form subjected to heat treatment at 60-70 ^o C for 1-6 hours in the presence of hydrolytic enzymes, mixed in the ratio 1 (ground grain): 0.2 - 5.0 (waste) and kept in for 1-4 hours at a temperature of 34-36 ^o C in the presence of salts of ammonium sulfate, iron, manganese and zinc, taken in certain proportions, after which microorganisms are grown to obtain a feed product.

 The method is complicated by the technology of preparation of a nutrient medium, which requires a significant consumption of steam, nutrient salts and expensive hydrolytic enzymes.

Closest to the proposed method is the enrichment of plant materials with microbial protein (patent RU N 2103349), which consists in the fact that starch-containing raw materials (wheat bran, flour and a mixture of bran and flour) are subjected to heat treatment in water at a temperature of 60-70 ^o C for not less than 45 minutes Mineral nutrition (phosphoric acid, ammonium sulfate, iron sulfate, magnesium sulfate, manganese sulfate and zinc sulfate) is introduced into the heat-treated nutrient medium and bacteria Acinetobacter sp. (caleoaceticus) VKPM-6966.

The disadvantages of this method are:
- insufficiently high productivity and high expenditure ratio;
- high consumption of water for the preparation of a nutrient medium (for large-scale production plants this is more than 1200 m ³ per day);
- high steam consumption for heat treatment of the substrate;
- the use of mineral nutrients (phosphorus, manganese, magnesium, iron, zinc).

 In addition, this method produces a nutrient medium of rather poor quality, since the hydrolysis process is practically not carried out at the heat treatment stage, which ensures the conversion of hard-to-digest starch, which is part of the flour mill waste, to easily digestible water-soluble sugars.

The essence of the invention lies in the fact that the protein feed additive is obtained by cultivating microorganisms with amylolytic activity on a nutrient medium consisting of a post-alcohol distillery stillage, which contains starch-containing raw materials (bran, substandard flour) and incubated for 1 h at pH 4. 0-5.5 and a temperature of 60-100 ^o C.

The method is carried out in the following sequence:
- bran or substandard flour, or a mixture of bran and flour in the amount of 1-8% (depending on the mass transfer of the growing apparatus) is introduced into the bardoux coming from the distillery with a temperature of 70-100 ^o C and pH 4.0-6.0 and incubated for 1 h with stirring;
- the calculated amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements (iron, magnesium) is introduced into the obtained hydrolyzed nutrient medium, taking into account their content in bard and starch-containing raw materials, until a final nitrogen concentration of 700-800 mg / g biomass and phosphorus in the medium is 200-400 mg / g of biomass, iron - up to 12 mg / g of biomass, magnesium up to 10 mg / g of biomass;
- the growing process is carried out in an apparatus with aeration and stirring at a temperature of 30 - 40 ^o C using bacteria and yeasts with amylolytic activity or their association as culture producers;
- obtained after growing biomass is subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 80-100 ^o C for 1 h and dried to obtain a dry (up to 10% humidity) feed product.

The technical result achieved by the implementation of the invention includes:
- the development of a new nutrient medium in which water is replaced with a post-alcohol distillery stillage - waste from the alcohol industry, and starch-containing raw materials - waste from the grain-grinding industry (bran, substandard flour) are introduced into it;
- the implementation of the hydrolysis of the nutrient medium, which is carried out without the use of steam and hydrolytic enzymes;
- reduction in the consumption of elements of mineral nutrition (nitrogen, phosphorus, trace elements) in connection with their presence in the post-alcohol bard and starch-containing raw materials;
- increasing productivity and reducing the consumption coefficient for the substrate.

 Information confirming the possibility of implementing the methods.

 Example 1

5% of wheat bran, or 5% of wheat flour, or 5% of a mixture of wheat bran and flour (1: 1 ratio) was added to the post-alcohol distillery stillage (dry weight 5.0%) and pH 4.9. The resulting mixture was subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 60-100 ^o C for 60 minutes The obtained hydrolyzed nutrient medium was cooled to a temperature of 35 ^o C and mineral nutrition elements were introduced, mg / g biomass: nitrogen - 70, phosphorus - 20, iron - 12, magnesium - up to 10. Candida retilis VSB-651 yeast was used as an inoculum. possessing amylolytic activity. The cultivation was carried out in laboratory conditions in an Abitex apparatus with a volume of 19 l (working volume 5.0 l) with intensive mass transfer and automatic maintenance of temperature and pH with an air supply of 0.4 l / min at 500 rpm for 1 min. The growing process was conducted in batch (8 h) and continuous modes (D = 0.13-0.2 h ^-1 ). The resulting biomass was subjected to heat treatment at a temperature of 90-100 ^o C for 1 h and dried on a spray dryer.

The results are presented in table. 1, from which it can be seen that the largest amount of carbohydrates, including glucose, was obtained at a temperature of 60-100 ^o C. So, at a temperature of 50 ^o C, the carbohydrate content was 33.3 g / l (bard + 5% mixture of bran and flour) and 54.2 g / l (stillage + 5% flour). At a temperature of 60-100 ^o C the carbohydrate content was 53.2 g / l (distillery + 5% bran), 64.0-64.5 g / l (distillery + 5% mixture of bran and flour) and 71.6-75 , 0 g / l (bard + 5% flour). At the same time, the productivity and crude protein content in the finished product when growing the culture on a nutrient medium treated at 50 ^° C were 1.8 kg / m ³ / h and 37.2%, respectively (bard + 5% bran); 3.0 kg / m ³ / h and 42.0% (stillage + 5% mixture of bran and flour); 5.9 kg / m ³ / h and 44.3% (stillage + 5% flour).

The productivity and crude protein content in the finished product when grown on a nutrient medium treated at 60-100 ^o C, amounted to 5.9-6.1 kg / m ³ / h and 43.44-44.0%, respectively, 6.8 -7.2 kg / m ³ / h and 43.9-46.0% (bard + 5% mixture of bran and flour), 8.7-9.1 kg / m ³ / h and 46.0-46, 8% respectively (bard + 5% flour).

 Example 2

The process of obtaining a feed protein supplement was carried out according to example 1, but the preparation of a hydrolyzed nutrient medium was carried out at 60 ^o C, and Candida scottii yeast was used as a producer culture. The control was the processes of obtaining the feed additive separately on the post-alcohol distillery stillage or on starch-containing raw materials (5% bran, 5% flour, 5% bran and flour).

The results are presented in table. 2, which shows that the addition of starch-containing raw materials to the post-alcohol distillery grades allows to increase productivity from 2.8-3.4 kg / m ³ / h (on one starch-containing raw material) and 3.8 kg / m ³ / h (on one after-alcohol bard) up to 4.7-8.9 kg / m ³ / h (on bard + starch-containing raw materials). In this case, there was a decrease in the expenditure coefficient for the substrate from 1.3-1.6 in the controls to 1.2-1.03 in the experiments. The crude protein content in the controls was 43.7-53.0%, in the experiments 43.4-52.8. The total production of crude protein in the controls was 1.7-2.8 kg / m ³ / h, in the experiments 2.5-4.7 kg / m ³ / h.

 Example 3

The preparation of the feed protein supplement was carried out as in Example 1, but using a post-alcohol distillery stillage with a solids content of 7%, and the heat treatment was carried out at 100 ^° C, and the bacteria Pseudobacteriuni biforme VSB-644 was used as a producer culture. In addition, starch-containing raw materials were added in the amount of 1, 4, 6 and 8% in the form of a mixture of bran and substandard flour in a ratio of 1: 1.

The results are presented in table. 3, from which it can be seen that an increase in the content of added starch-containing raw materials to the stillage from 1 to 8%, mass transfer of the apparatus from 3 to 5 kg / m ³ / h, respectively, leads to an increase in productivity from 5.3 to 13.4 kg / m ³ / h and reduce the consumption coefficient for the substrate from 1.3 to 1.0.

 Example 4

Obtaining a feed protein supplement was carried out according to example 1, but heat treatment was carried out at a temperature of 80-90 ^o C, and mineral nutrition (nitrogen, phosphorus, iron, magnesium) was introduced not only according to example 1 based on the need for the synthesis of 1 g of biomass, that is, without taking into account the amount of these elements in substrates, but also the calculated amounts of these elements, taking into account their content in bard and starch-containing raw materials.

 The results are presented in table. 4, from which it can be seen that productivity on a hydrolyzed nutrient medium, into which all of the above elements of mineral nutrition were added, is practically equal to productivity on a hydrolyzed nutrient medium, into which no mineral nutrition was added or in quantity, taking into account their content in bard and starch-containing raw materials.

So, with the addition of mineral nutrition elements to all tested nutrient media, the productivity was 5.8-7.4 kg / m ³ / h, and without or with partial addition, the productivity practically did not change and amounted to 5.6-8.8 kg / m ³ / h

 Thus, the effectiveness of the proposed method for producing protein feed additives is to use a hydrolyzed nutrient medium prepared on the basis of waste - post-alcohol stillage with the addition of starch-containing raw materials (bran, substandard flour). At the same time, an increase in productivity is achieved while reducing the consumption coefficient for the substrate, as well as saving energy for heat treatment. The crude protein content in the finished product was 43.7-53.0%.

 This method of obtaining fodder protein and vitamin supplements was tested in an industrial environment (at the Peschansky inter-farm plant of dry fodder yeast, Stary Oskol, Belgorod Region). The fodder protein-vitamin supplement was produced during the cultivation of Candida retilis VSB-651 yeast on a post-alcohol distillery stillage with a solids content of 7% with the addition of 2.2% wheat bran.

The following indicators were obtained:
- productivity - 10 kg / m ³ / h;
- the content of crude protein in the finished product is 44.6%;
- reduction of urea consumption by 2 times;
- reduction in the consumption of ammonium sulfate by 33.0%;
- reduction of phosphorus consumption by 50-100%;
- reduction in the consumption of trace elements by 100%;
- reduction in the cost of the finished product amounted to 15%;
- profit with an annual production volume of 2 thousand tons will amount to 2.8 million rubles.

 The proposed invention is new, since obtaining a feed protein supplement by the above method is not known from the prior art.

 It has an inventive step, since the possibility of obtaining the specified technical result by the proposed method explicitly does not follow from the prior art.

Claims (5)

1. A method of producing a protein feed additive, including preparing a nutrient medium, growing microorganism cultures on this medium, followed by obtaining a feed product, characterized in that the nutrient medium is obtained by adding starch-containing raw materials (bran, flour) to the post-alcohol distillery followed by keeping the mixture for 1 h at a pH of 4.0 - 5.5 and a temperature of 60 - 100 ^o C.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that starch-containing wastes of grain-milling production — bran, or flour, or a mixture of bran and flour in any ratio are introduced into the post-alcohol bard.  3. The method according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the amount of starch-containing raw materials (bran, or flour, or a mixture of bran and flour) introduced into the post-alcohol bard is 1-8% depending on the volume of the apparatus in which microorganisms are grown.  4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that the introduction of nitrogen, phosphorus and trace elements (iron and magnesium) is carried out taking into account their content in the hydrolyzed nutrient medium.  5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that the cultures of microorganisms use yeast or bacteria with amylolytic activity.

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