RU2158420C1 - Method monitoring vibration field by measurements in finite number of points - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: measurement technology. SUBSTANCE: method is intended for monitoring of vibration field in mechanical structures excited by operating mechanisms and machines. Surface of tested mechanical structure is divided by mutually perpendicular M horizontal and N vertical lines. Transducer consistently measures amplitudes or root-mean-square values of amplitudes of spectral frequencies in three orthogonal direction in points of crossing of horizontal and vertical lines. Spatial standing waves for selected frequencies propagating along horizontal and vertical lines are constructed by sampling of corresponding amplitudes or root-mean- square values of amplitudes. They are used to determine location and type of hidden flaws. EFFECT: simplified approach with enhanced economic efficiency.

Description

 The invention relates to measuring equipment and can be used to control a vibrating field excited in mechanical structures by working mechanisms and machines.

 There is a known method of vibration diagnostics of mechanisms, which consists in periodically measuring vibration levels in the operating speed range modes, isolating the maximum vibration level corresponding to the resonant mode, isolating the minimum vibration level in the mode closest to the resonance mode, and generating a diagnostic parameter by subtracting the vibration level from the maximum value minimum value (A.S. USSR N 1557463, MKI G 01 M 7/00, op. 15.04.90).

 The known method allows you to assess the technical condition of the mechanism, but does not allow you to determine the location and type of latent faults, which requires control of its vibration field.

 Closest to the claimed method is a method of controlling the vibration field by measuring a finite number of points, which consists in pre-fixing the MN sensors, measuring the mathematical expectations and the correlation matrix of the signals of the M sensors, determining the mathematical expectations and the correlation matrix of decomposition coefficients, detaching the MN sensors, determining weighting factors, fix N sensors, measure the instantaneous values of the vibration field, determine the weighting factors and vibration field at all points by the weight sum determination of determinate functions (AS USSR N 1575072, MKI G 01 M 7/00, op. 30.06.90).

 This method allows you to control the vibration field of a functioning mechanical structure, however, it is not economical and time-consuming to implement and does not make it possible to determine the location and type of latent faults.

 The task underlying the proposed technical solution is to create a simple to implement and economical way to control the vibration field by measuring a finite number of points, which makes it possible to determine the location and type of hidden faults.

 The problem is solved as follows.

 In the method of controlling the vibration field by measuring at a finite number of points, namely, that at least one sensor is fixed on the surface of the controlled mechanical structure and the instantaneous values of the vibration field are measured, according to the claimed technical solution, the surface of the mechanical structure is preliminarily divided by mutually perpendicular M horizontal and N vertical lines, and the sensor sequentially at all points of intersection of horizontal and vertical lines measure amp itudy spectral frequencies in three orthogonal directions and the respective sample amplitudes for selected spatial frequencies build stand vibrovolny and determine the location and type of hidden faults.

 The listed set of features allows, in comparison with the prototype, a simple and economical way to control the vibration field by measuring at a finite number of points and determine the location and type of hidden faults.

 The presence of essential features distinctive from the prototype allows us to recognize the claimed method as new.

 The prior art does not reveal solutions that have signs that match the distinctive features of the proposed method, so the latter meets the condition of an inventive step.

 The possibility of using the claimed technical solution in industry allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "industrial applicability".

 The control method is as follows.

 The surface of the controlled mechanical structure is broken up with mutually perpendicular M horizontal and N vertical lines. At the points of intersection of the horizontal and vertical lines, the sensor sequentially measures the amplitudes or rms amplitudes of the spectral frequencies in three orthogonal directions and then, using a sample of the corresponding amplitudes or rms amplitudes, they construct spatial standing waves for the selected frequencies, which propagate along both horizontal and vertical lines.

 As a result of processing all the measurements, a vibration relief of the controlled surface or a vibration cut along any line in any of three orthogonal directions is obtained.

 According to the characteristic signs of the vibration relief or vibration cut, the location and type of latent faults are determined.

Claims (1)

 A method of controlling a vibration field by measuring at a finite number of points, namely, that at least one sensor is fixed on the surface of the controlled mechanical structure and the instantaneous value of the vibration field characteristics is measured, characterized in that the surface of the mechanical structure is previously divided by mutually perpendicular M horizontal and N vertical lines and the sensor sequentially at all intersection points of horizontal and vertical lines measure the amplitude of the spectral hour from in three orthogonal directions and the respective sample amplitudes for selected spatial frequencies build stand vibrovolny and determine the location and type of hidden faults.