RU2156197C2 - Long-cut carrier - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; carriage of long- cut flexible loads. SUBSTANCE: proposed carrier has bogies and frame with end face beams 3 and over-bogie beams 4 and end parts with fitted- on side braces. It has also load-thrust devices, each being made for rolling in longitudinal direction in form of roll arranged in parallel with over-bogie beam and secured on frame in V-shaped brackets 6. End parts are made in form of pans 7 with end face walls. Each pan rests on end face beam through supports, is flexible coupled with frame in longitudinal direction through damper and is installed for engagement with back travel limiters. Damper is made in form of several horizontal springs arranged symmetrically relative to longitudinal axis of frame and installed on branch pipes rigidly secured on end face beams. Springs are furnished with adjusting screw arranged inside branch pipes and thrusting at one side against brackets secured on pans from bottom and at other side, against end face beam. Back travel limiters are V-shaped brackets mentioned above. EFFECT: enlarged operating capabilities. 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to vehicles for the transportation of lengthy, including elastic loads, for example railway rails, and can be used both in the construction of railway platforms and in the design of car trailers.

 A vehicle for transporting long loads is known, including a coupler of two vehicles and a device for supporting and securing cargo (see, for example, "Technical conditions for loading and securing cargo", M., "Transport", pp. 339 - 342).

 A disadvantage of the known vehicle is the inability to transport long goods in free condition without packaging and fixing using special removable turnstiles, the use of which is inconvenient in operation due to the complexity of the process of packaging and fixing.

 In addition, the design features of the turnstiles make it possible to prevent, as a rule, only the transverse movement of the load and do not guarantee to prevent its longitudinal movement, for example, at the time of sudden braking, when the longitudinal forces acting on the load overcome the friction forces between the products in the package (for example, when transporting railway rails). In this case, some products may oversteer the vehicle, which is unacceptable from the point of view of traffic safety.

 It is also known that the prototype vehicle for transporting long loads, including trolleys and a frame with end and superstructure beams and end parts equipped with lateral braces, as well as a device for supporting the load (see, for example, AS No. 844414, IPC B 60 P 7/10 from 08/14/79, Fig. 1-3).

 The disadvantage of this vehicle is the inability to transport elastic long loads, such as rails, without fixing, i.e. in a free state, because the structural features of the end parts (the presence of vertical angular struts and transverse couplers) prevents the transverse and longitudinal movement of only flat horizontally located loads (in particular, panels) that abut their edges against the racks during braking and turning.

 The invention solves the problem of creating a vehicle for the transportation of long loads, such as railway rails, in a free state (without couplers and turnstiles) while observing traffic safety rules by damping longitudinal movements of the cargo.

 To solve this problem in a known vehicle for transporting long loads, including trolleys, a frame with end and superstructure beams and end parts equipped with side braces, as well as devices for supporting the load, each device for supporting the load is made with the possibility of rolling in the longitudinal direction, for example, in the form of a roller located parallel to the supra-body beam in V-shaped brackets fixed to the frame, and the end parts are made in the form of pallets with end walls, each of which x rests on the end beam using supports and is elastically connected to the frame by means of a damping device made, for example, in the form of several horizontal springs symmetrically located relative to the longitudinal axis of the frame, mounted on nozzles rigidly fixed to the end beams, equipped with adjusting screws located inside the nozzles and abutting on the one hand, in brackets mounted on pallets from below, and on the other hand, in the end beam, in addition, pallets are installed with the possibility of contact with backstops, for example, the aforementioned V-shaped brackets.

 The technical advantage of the proposed vehicle is the ability to transport long loads in the free state (without packing and fixing with turnstiles and special ties) in compliance with traffic safety rules, due to design features (the presence of support rollers that can be moved in V-shaped brackets, and end parts in the form of spring-loaded in the longitudinal direction and equipped with end walls of pallets), allowing to suppress the longitudinal movements of the supported ends on the rollers (under the influence of only their own weight) of the cargo in two stages: first, in the process of rolling the cargo on the rollers, and the rollers in the brackets along an inclined plane, and then, after the cargo comes into contact with the end walls, at the moment the horizontal springs of the pallets are triggered.

 The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a vehicle (main view), FIG. 2 is a longitudinal section of the end part (view of the damping mechanism and the device for supporting the load), FIG. 3 is a side view (on the supports of pallets and a damping mechanism).

 The inventive vehicle, for example a railway platform, consists of (Fig. 1) undercarriage 1 and a frame 2 having end beams 3 and supra-beam beams 4 (Fig. 2).

 To support the load, there are two devices in the form of rollers 5 located parallel to the supra-body beams 4 and freely lying in several V-shaped brackets 6. The tangent of the angle of inclination of the forming sides of the brackets 6 is not greater than the coefficient of friction between the roller 5 and the brackets, so that the roller can roll uphill.

 The railway platform also has end parts in the form of pallets 7 movable, elastically connected to the frame, having end walls 8 and braces 9 (Fig. 1).

 The pallets 7 are supported on the frame 2 with the help of several supports 10 (Fig. 3).

 The elastic connection of each pallet 7 with the frame is carried out using a damping device made in the form of several horizontal springs 11 located symmetrically relative to the longitudinal axis of the frame 2. The springs 11 are mounted on guides - pipes 12 (Fig. 2), rigidly fixed to the end beams 3, and abut on one side in the end beam, and on the other - in brackets 13, rigidly mounted on pallets 7 from the bottom.

 Pallets 7 are installed with the possibility of contacting with V-shaped brackets 6.

 To adjust the tension of the springs inside the nozzles 12 there are adjusting screws 14.

 To fix the pallets 7 and the rollers 5 from lateral displacement, the frame has stops 15 (Fig. 5) and stops 16, respectively, and for fixing the load - stands 17 (Fig. 1). To fix each roller 5 in the brackets 6, two extreme brackets are made with V-shaped stops on top (i.e. the ends of the rollers are located in V-shaped grooves).

 The inventive vehicle operates as follows.

 Long elastic load - railway rails - are freely laid on the rollers 5 of the platform, fixing on which is carried out only with the help of its own weight. Due to the deflection of the rails, their ends are in a raised state (Fig. 1). At the same time, there are gaps between the end walls 8 and the rails (Fig. 2).

 When the platform brakes and the load is subjected to small longitudinal forces, the rails begin to move on the rollers 5 in the longitudinal direction and, together with the rollers, roll along the inclined sides of the V-shaped brackets 6, rising and lowering.

 In this case, the rails swing on the rollers and the gradual damping of the longitudinal displacements occurs.

 With sudden braking of the platform, such a movement of the load occurs, as a result of which it comes into contact with the end wall 8 of one of the pallets 7.

 If the longitudinal force is large enough, then the springs 11 of this pallet begin to compress, extinguishing the movement of the load. At the same time, at the opposite end of the platform, the damping of the force occurs only by rolling the roller 5 on the brackets 6.

 With a transverse load on the load (when cornering), the lateral braces 9 and the posts 17 hold the load from displacement, the stops 15 - pallets 7, and the stops 16 - rollers 5.

 The inventive vehicle can be used as a railway or automobile for transportation of both railway rails and pipes of building panels, etc.

Claims (3)

 1. A vehicle for transporting long loads, including trolleys and a frame with end and superstructure beams and end parts with lateral braces fixed to them, as well as devices for supporting the load, characterized in that each device for supporting the load is made with the possibility of rolling in the longitudinal direction, for example, in the form of a roller parallel to the supra-body beam in V-brackets fixed to the frame, and the end parts are made in the form of pallets with end walls, each of which leans on the end beam using supports, is elastically connected with the frame in the longitudinal direction with the help of a damping device and is installed with the possibility of contacting with backstop limiters.  2. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping device is made in the form of several horizontal springs symmetrically positioned relative to the longitudinal axis of the frame, mounted on nozzles rigidly fixed to the end beams, provided with adjustment screws located inside the nozzles and resting on one side on the brackets mounted on pallets from below, and on the other - into the end beam.  3. The vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the backstops are the said V-shaped brackets.

Images