RU215140U1 - FLAW SENSOR BLOCK - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of magnetic flaw detection, to devices for non-destructive testing of pipelines and concerns the magnetic measuring system of an in-line flaw detector. The flaw detector sensor block contains a housing in which sensors are located, the housing has a first end that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, an intermediate part that runs at an angle α to the ends, and a second end that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, while the value of the angle α is less than 90°. The technical result is to ensure the reliability of the passage of the flaw detector through pipes with complex geometry and the integrity of the data of the flaw detector. 8 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of magnetic flaw detection, to devices for non-destructive testing of pipelines and concerns the magnetic measuring system of an in-line flaw detector.

Known matrix for sensors (CN 104007174 from 2014-08-27). The cavity for placing the detecting element (sensor) has a Z-shaped structure. The cavity for placing the sensor has a mounting guide groove, a square groove electrically connected to the cavity of the detecting element device. The disadvantage of this technical solution is that the sensor has a Z-shape not along its entire height. This can lead to the meshing of adjacent sensors with each other when they are independently folded in the constriction of the pipeline. The claimed sensor unit has a Z-shape over its entire height and is devoid of the above disadvantage of the prototype, and is also easier to manufacture.

The closest in technical essence is a sensor system for built-in control tool (WO 2006067369 from 2006-06-29), containing sensor units. In this case, each sensor unit has a first end 12a at one axial end of the sensor unit, which runs generally perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the housing, the intermediate part 12b runs at an angle inclined to the ends, then the additional intermediate part runs generally parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing and there is still one inclined part, but inclined in the opposite direction to the intermediate part, ending at the opposite axial end of the sensor. This means that the gap between the sensor units follows a tortuous path and there is an area in which the sensors overlap in the circumferential direction. The disadvantage of this technical solution is the too complex shape of the sensor unit with three bends in the longitudinal direction, which will lead to an increase in manufacturing cost. The claimed sensor unit has a Z-shape with two folds. This simplifies the design of the device.

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to develop the shape of the flaw detector sensor unit.

This problem is solved by the fact that the flaw detector sensor block contains a housing in which the sensors are located, the housing has a first end that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, an intermediate part that runs at an angle α to the ends, and a second end that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing , while the value of the angle α is less than 90°.

The technical result provided by the above set of features is to ensure the reliability of the passage of the flaw detector through pipes with complex geometry and the integrity of the flaw detector data.

A magnetic measuring system for a flaw detector with longitudinal magnetization makes it possible to detect defects by the stray field that occurs at their location, to determine whether a defect belongs to the inner wall of the pipeline, to indicate distortions in the geometry of the inner wall of the pipeline associated with dents, transverse seams, etc. Separate Hall sensors, fixing the scattering of the magnetic field from the defect, have a small size (section diameter 1.5 ... 2 mm), so it is structurally expedient to combine them into blocks. Sensor blocks are mounted on the flaw detector body around the circumference using suspensions between two rings of magnets of opposite polarity and brushes - elements that transmit magnetic flux to the inner wall of the pipeline. When the flaw detector moves, the sensor blocks are pressed against the inner surface of the pipe.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated by drawings, which show

in fig. 1 - general view of the device;

in fig. 2 - top and side view of the sensor block;

in fig. 3 - general view of the arrangement of rectangular sensor blocks in the pipeline;

in fig. 4 is a general view of the location of the Z-shaped sensor blocks in the pipeline;

in fig. 5 is a comparative diagram of the arrangement of rectangular and Z-shaped sensor blocks in the pipeline;

in fig. 6 is a comparative layout of Hall sensors in rectangular and Z-shaped sensor blocks;

in fig. 7 is a drawing of rectangular and Z-shaped sensor blocks;

in fig. 8 is a comparative diagram of the arrangement of rectangular and Z-shaped sensor blocks in a pipeline constriction.

The body of the sensor unit 1 has a Z-shape (figure 1), is made of epoxy compound and is mounted on the bracket 2 by means of studs 3 with nuts 4. The bracket is made of non-magnetic steel and has a hard wear-resistant coating on the outer surface. The bracket has two rectangular holes. The surface of the sensor block in the holes of the bracket is closed with two ceramic non-magnetic and non-conductive inserts 5. Four hard-alloy balls are glued in the corners of the bracket 6. The sensor block is fixed in the flaw detector by means of a lever 7, fixed by a loop connection to the bracket 2. On the opposite side, the sensor block is attached by means of a hook 8 secured with studs and nuts. Bracket holes with hard ceramic non-magnetic and non-conductive inserts allow the block sensors to detect changes in the electromagnetic field without distortion and without wear of the surface of the sensor block. The presence of hard-alloy inserts and hard-alloy balls, as well as the presence of a hard wear-resistant coating on the bracket and lever, makes it possible to reduce the wear of parts interacting with the inner surface of the pipeline.

Each sensor unit has a first end 9 that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, an intermediate part 10 that runs at an angle α to the ends, a second end 11 that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing. Angle range α up to 90°. The bending angle of the sensor unit does not affect the passage of pipeline constrictions. When changing the bending angle and maintaining the overlap of the sensors will change the length of the intermediate (inclined) part 10 of the sensor unit and, accordingly, the length of the sensor unit. An increase in the length of the sensor block at small angles α may be disadvantageous, for example, when passing bends (bends) of the pipeline, because in this case, the total length of the flaw detector section will also increase, and it will not “fit” into the pipe turn. On the other hand, at large angles α, the sensor block has an edge directed across the movement of the flaw detector, which can lead to the sensor block catching on the roughness of the pipe surface, damage to its suspension, and intensive wear of its bracket. Therefore, the most preferred range of α is from 30° to 60°. An average angle of 45° is convenient in terms of manufacturability.

The layout of the rectangular sensor blocks in the pipeline is shown in Fig. 3 (pipe surface not shown). To enable the array of sensor blocks to pass through the constriction of the pipeline when the sensor blocks are placed on the flaw detector, it is necessary to provide a gap Δ between adjacent blocks (Fig. 4, 5). The gap value Δ should be the greater, the greater the specified degree of narrowing of the pipeline (the smaller the ratio ∅D1/∅D). As a result, the number of sensor units that can be placed around the circumference of the pipe is reduced, which leads to the loss of part of the data during diagnostics. The manufacture of a Z-shaped sensor block eliminates this disadvantage.

A comparative diagram of the location of individual Hall sensors in blocks of rectangular and Z-shaped sensors of the same width B with the same number of Hall sensors in the block and the same gap Δ between the blocks is shown in Fig. 6. The diagram shows that in the case of using rectangular sensor blocks, the distance p2 between the extreme Hall sensors in neighboring blocks is greater than the step p - the distance between the Hall sensors in the block (p step is usually 3 ... 5 mm). In the case of using Z-shaped sensor blocks, the distance p1 between the extreme Hall sensors in adjacent blocks can be equal to the pitch p. Thus, ceteris paribus, when using Z-shaped sensor blocks, more Hall sensors can be placed on the circumference of the inner surface of the pipeline than when using rectangular blocks (Fig. 4). This ensures the integrity of the flaw detector data.

For example, when using sensor blocks (Fig. 7) in a pipeline with an outer pipe diameter of 273 mm, provided that the flaw detector can pass through the narrowing of the pipeline with a diameter of 232 mm (85% of the outer diameter), it is possible to place 28 Z-shaped sensor blocks or 224 Hall sensors (8 in each block) at A=57 mm, C=22 mm, B=28 mm. In the case of using rectangular sensor blocks, under the same conditions, it is possible to place only 22 sensor blocks or 176 Hall sensors on the flaw detector (Fig. 8) at A1=44 mm, B=28 mm. Accordingly, when solving the inverse problem with a fixed total number of Hall sensors, an array of Z-shaped sensor blocks will be able to pass pipeline constrictions of a smaller diameter compared to an array of rectangular sensor blocks.

Each sensor unit has a first end 1 that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, an intermediate part 2 that runs at an angle α to the ends, a second end 3 that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing

Claims (1)

A block of flaw detector sensors, containing a housing in which sensors are located, characterized in that the housing has a first end that runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, an intermediate part that runs at an angle

to the ends, and the second end, which runs parallel to the longitudinal axis of the housing, while the value of the angle

is 45°.

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