RU2149033C1 - Method and device for regenerating xenon from narcotic gas mixture used in anesthesia apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine. SUBSTANCE: method involves adsorbing xenon from exhaust narcotic gas mixture collected from anesthesia apparatus and then carrying out its desorption and filling cylinder. Xenon adsorption takes place at +25-(-80) C and desorption is done at 180 C or higher. The process being accomplished, regenerated xenon disinfection is to be carried out. The device has reservoir for the exhaust gas mixture, desorption unit, disinfection unit, adsorption units. The adsorption units have means for switching exhaust gas mixture supply. The desorption unit is connected to the disinfection unit and cylinder through cryogenic pump. The adsorption and desorption units have heat-insulated casings with internal detachable cartridges filled with sorbent material. EFFECT: multiple use pure xenon production process; soft conditions for sorption processes to run; provided use of desorption appliances for rendering services to several clinics. 2 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to medicine, namely to anesthesiology, and can be used in the regeneration of gas-narcotic xenon mixtures used in anesthesia machines.

 Known methods and devices for inhalation anesthesia, including respiratory attachments, absorbing filters, systems for removing exhaled and discharged gases, bacterial filters, etc.

 [cm. , for example, Trushin A.I., Yurevich V.M. "Devices of inhalation anesthesia", M., Medicine, 1989, p. 6, 131-137].

 However, the known methods and devices do not allow to capture and regenerate the costly anesthetic xenon due to the lack of appropriate operations and equipment.

 Also known is a method and equipment for inhalation anesthesia, including preparing a gas-narcotic xenon-containing mixture in a mixer, subsequent inhalation using a breathing device equipped with a vent valve for exhaling the mixture, and regenerating the latter in a system consisting of containers with an absorber, a container for collecting and storing the regeneration product and compressor.

 [s. Germany, N 3712598, MKI A 61 M 16/01, decl. 04/14/87, publ. 1988 or p. - analogue of the USA, N 4905685, MKI A 61 M 16/00, NCI 128 / 203.12, declared. 04/13/88, publ. 03/06/90].

The disadvantages of the known method and equipment are:
- the impossibility of obtaining pure xenon from impurities;
- the bulkiness and complexity of a stationary installation;
- hazardous working conditions for medical staff.

 In addition, there is a known method for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthetic devices and a device for its implementation, which are the closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the claimed invention.

 The known method includes collecting the spent mixture, adsorbing xenon from it, then desorbing it and filling the balloon, moreover, before adsorption, the adsorbers are evacuated and cooled to the solid xenon formation temperature, the separated xenon is desorbed by re-evacuating the adsorbers while heating them to the xenon recondensation temperature and the cylinder for storing the target product is pre-cooled to solid xenon temperature.

 The known device contains a container for the exhaust gas mixture, at least two adsorbers and a cylinder, and the adsorbers are made in the form of glasses (high pressure cylinders) mounted on a movable base.

 [cm. Sec. RF N 2049487, MKI A 61 M 16/01, s. N 5066337/14 of July 9, 1992, publ. 12/10/95, b. N 34].

The use of the known method and device for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia devices in a clinical setting, in particular in an operating room, is complicated by the fact that
- requires bulky equipment in the area of operation, such as a vacuum pump, vessels with liquid nitrogen, cylinders with regenerated xenon, etc .;
- creates dangerous working conditions for physicians associated with the need to use liquid nitrogen;
- causes the need for significant energy consumption to create high and low temperatures in sorption processes;
- excludes the possibility of using cylinders according to GOST 949-83, limiting their use in the temperature range (-50) - (+60) ^o C.

 The objective of the present invention is to provide a method and installation for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthetic apparatuses, which allows to obtain pure xenon for repeated use while simplifying maintenance while improving the working conditions of medical staff and minimizing equipment in the operating room.

The problem is solved in that in the known method for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia devices, including collecting the spent mixture, adsorbing xenon from it, then adsorbing it and filling the balloon, according to the invention, xenon adsorption is carried out at a temperature of +25 - (-80) ^o C, its desorption is carried out at a temperature of not less than +180 ^o C, and after it, the regenerated xenon is disinfected.

 A known installation for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia apparatus, containing a container for the exhaust gas mixture, at least two adsorbers and a cylinder, according to the invention, further comprises a stripper and a disinfection device, the adsorbers and stripper made in the form of insulated cases with internal removable cartridges, filled with sorbent.

The implementation of the method of regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthetic apparatus in the claimed conditions using the proposed installation in comparison with the prototype [see p. RF N 2049487] provides:
- the possibility of obtaining pure xenon without impurities for repeated use due to more thorough regeneration;
- minimization of equipment in the area of operation through the use of a compact interchangeable cartridge that allows you to separate the processes of adsorption and desorption in space and time, as well as serve several anesthesia machines in one regeneration unit;
- simplification of maintenance and the creation of safe working conditions as a result of applying the simple design of a replaceable cartridge and eliminating the need to use liquid nitrogen in the operating room;
- reduction of energy costs due to the separation of the processes of adsorption and desorption, carried out under milder conditions, while eliminating energy losses from heating and cooling equipment.

 Analysis of the known technical solutions allows us to conclude that the claimed invention is not known from the level of the studied technology, which indicates its compliance with the criterion of "novelty."

 The essence of the claimed invention for a specialist does not follow explicitly from the prior art, which allows us to conclude that it meets the criterion of "inventive step".

 The possibility of xenon regeneration in the conditions of the proposed method using the proposed installation, made mainly from commercially available instruments and equipment, indicates the compliance of the invention with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

 The inventive method and installation have been clinically tested in the conditions of the Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Clinical Hospital. S.P. Botkina, Moscow.

 The drawing schematically shows the proposed "Installation for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia apparatus."

Designations in the drawing:
1 - anesthesia apparatus;
2 - capacity for the exhaust gas mixture;
3 - adsorbers;
4 - cylinder;
5 - stripper;
6 - device for disinfection;
7 - thermally insulated housing;
8 - replaceable cartridge;
9 - sorbent;
10 - cryopump;
11 - fan (or ejector).

 The installation for xenon regeneration from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia apparatus contains a container 2 for the exhaust gas mixture, which is an elastic breathing bag connected by tubular communications to the anesthesia apparatus 1 and adsorbers 3. The desorber 5 is connected by tubular communications to the disinfection device 6 and cylinder 4 via a cryopump 10 moreover, the stripper 5, the disinfection device 6, the cryopump 10 and the cylinder 4 can be installed in a separate room outside the operating room. The adsorbers 3 and desorber 5 are made in the form of thermally insulated housings 7 with internal metal removable cartridges 8 filled with sorbent 9, for example, activated carbon. The material for thermal insulation of adsorbers 3 and desorber 5 is selected taking into account the temperature conditions of technological processes and the requirements for medical equipment.

 The installation is equipped with the necessary analytical instruments to control the composition of the drug mixture and regenerated pure xenon.

 Example 1. Regeneration of xenon.

The exhaust gas mixture resulting from the patient’s breathing during the operation was collected from the anesthesia apparatus 1 into a container 2, from which it was sent to the adsorber 3. In adsorber 3, which had a temperature of +25 ^o C, adsorption-capture of xenon by sorbent 9 (activated coal), while the remaining components of the mixture were discharged into the atmosphere using a fan (or ejector) 11. After filling the replaceable cartridge 8 of the first adsorber 3 with xenon, the supply of the exhaust gas mixture was switched to the second adsorber 3. The filled cop nonom chuck 8 was transferred to the desorber 5, but instead the first adsorber 3 installed first cartridge 8, providing a continuous sorption of xenon.

The stripper 5 with the cartridge 8 inserted in it filled with xenon was gradually heated to a temperature of at least 180 ^o C, while xenon was desorbed. The released xenon from stripper 5 was sent to a disinfection device 6, where pathogens were destroyed.

 After that, the regenerated pure xenon was supplied under pressure with a cryopump 10 to cylinder 4.

 Cylinder 4 filled with pure xenon was stored for later use.

 Under conditions similar to example 1, xenon was regenerated in examples 2, 3, varying the adsorption temperature within the claimed limits.

 At the same time, xenon was regenerated in a known manner using a known device, taken as a prototype [see p. RF N 2049487].

 The conditions for the implementation of the claimed and known methods of regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia apparatus and information on the required production areas are given in the table.

As can be seen from the above examples and table data, the use of the proposed "Method for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthetic apparatus" using the proposed installation compared with the known method and equipment taken as a prototype [see p. RF N 2049487], provides the following technical and socially useful benefits:
- the possibility of obtaining pure xenon for reuse;
- minimization of equipment in the operating room and reduction of production space for its installation;
- providing milder conditions for the sorption processes;
- the possibility of using cylinders according to GOST 949-83;
- the possibility of using desorption equipment to serve several clinics;
- simplification of service while improving the working conditions of medical staff.

Claims (2)

1. A method of regenerating xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia apparatus, including collecting the spent mixture, adsorbing xenon from it, then desorbing it and filling the balloon, characterized in that the adsorption of xenon is carried out at a temperature of +25 - (-80) ^o C, desorption is carried out at a temperature of at least 180 ^o C, and after it are disinfected regenerated xenon.  2. Installation for the regeneration of xenon from a gas-narcotic mixture of anesthesia apparatus, containing a container for the exhaust gas mixture, at least two adsorbers connected to it and a cylinder, characterized in that a stripper and a disinfection device are introduced into it, and the adsorbers are installed with the possibility of switching the supply to of the exhaust gas mixture, the stripper is connected to the disinfection device and the cylinder through a cryopump, and the adsorbers and stripper are made in the form of heat-insulated housings with internal removable pa ronami filled with sorbent.

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