RU214504U1 - Continuous plant for sorting and freeze-drying lumpy materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular, to devices for sorting and freeze-drying lumpy materials.

The sorting device, placed in a sealed chamber, has shut-off valves in water and air pipelines, a loading tray, a trimming tray, a sorted heap tray, a sorting drum driven by an electric motor, an air compressor, a water pump, a vacuum pump, a water stage with a rocking mechanism and installed injectors. The drum is equipped with a rotary mechanism for changing the width between the separating threads. The chamber has hermetic vacuum shutters. The design allows cleaning the separating threads of the drum and sorting the cut particles of fruits and vegetables with high quality.

Description

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular, to devices for sorting lumpy materials.

To sort root crops and cut vegetable particles, drum-type sorting is often used [1], [2]. But in all sorting, the problem of cleaning the drum from adhering dirt particles and sorted material has not been solved, which leads to a decrease in the quality of sorting.

The closest analogue of the proposed device, taken as a prototype, is a continuous installation for grinding and freeze-drying of lumpy materials [3], consisting of a cylindrical drying chamber with microwave and ultrasonic energy sources. In the upper part of the chamber with its own desublimator, a drum-type sorting is located, and a vacuum pump is connected to the installation through a sliding gate. In the lower part, through a vacuum lock, the drying chamber is connected to the unloading auger. A device for cutting fruits and vegetables, a sorting device, microwave, ultrasound and convective power supply sources, vacuum, temperature and sampling sensors, a freezer condenser are hermetically connected into a single vacuum system with a pumping device.

The disadvantage of the proposed device is the low quality of the final product, due to starch sticking in the process of separating a heap of raw materials components after cutting and reducing the sorting clearance, there is no possibility to control the contamination of the sorting drum threads during operation, there is no possibility of cleaning the surface of the drum from adhering starch particles.

The purpose of this utility model is to develop a device for cleaning the threads of the sorting drum from adhering starch particles and sorted material.

Installation for sorting and freeze-drying of lumpy materials, containing a cylindrical vacuum dryer with microwave, ultrasonic sources, convective energy supply and a sorting drum, located in a single housing, characterized in that it contains a device for cleaning the threads of the sorting drum from sticking particles of starch and sorted material, which is a water ramp with nozzles located above the sorting drum, which makes an oscillatory movement during washing due to the drive through a rocking mechanism.

To clean the sorting drum threads, a water ramp with nozzles and a rocking mechanism is proposed.

The scheme of the rocking mechanism of the water ramp with nozzles is shown in Fig. 1. It consists of rotary couplings (1, 2), rotary stepper motor (3), microcontroller control unit (4), injectors (5).

The turning mechanism of the water ramp is a stepper motor with a worm gear, the gear of which is fixed on the water pipe, and provides the angle of rotation of the water ramp up to 30°, controlled automatically by the microcontroller unit or by the line operator.

The work process takes place in 3 stages. At the first stage, the required width between the threads is controlled. As soon as it is reduced to the minimum size required for separation, the sorting process is stopped, the remnants of the calibrated columns are removed from the drum. At the second stage, cleaning is carried out with a washing solution at a temperature of 45-50°C, entering the ramp, sprayed through nozzles and cleaning threads, followed by washing with water at a temperature of 20-45°C. During the cleaning cycle, the stepper motor oscillates the water ramp with nozzles, which ensures quality and a larger cleaning sector. At the third stage, drying is carried out inside the installation due to the supplied air, which drives out the remaining water from the collector, dries the nozzles and the separating threads of the drum. The vacuum pump pumps air out of the chamber with the sorting drum, after which columns of root crops are fed into the drum for sorting.

Thus, when using the developed device, a high-quality product is obtained - a sorted cut semi-finished product without impurities of starch particles. A constructive scheme of the plant has been developed that satisfies the technological requirements.

Literature

1. RU 164591 U1 MPK B07V 1/22 Drum potato sorting / Shablykin A.A., Sakov A.P. Distanov E.I. - No. 2015106395/03, declared on 02/25/2015, published on 09/10/2016 Bull. No. 25.

2. RU 2003127993 A IPC A01D 1/00 Drum type sorting / N. N. Kolchin, Yu. - No. 2003127993/12, applied on 09/18/2003, published on 03/27/2005.

3. RU 2346626 C2 MPK F23L 3/40 Continuous installation for grinding and freeze-drying of lumpy materials / V.V. Kasatkin, N.Yu. Litvinyuk, L.Ya. Lebedev, A.V. Khrameshin, I.Sh. Shumilova, F.R. Arslanov, I.G. Pospelova, M.V. Kasatkin - No. 2007103504/13, declared 01/29/2007, published 08/20/2008.

Claims (1)

Installation for sorting and freeze-drying of lumpy materials, containing a cylindrical vacuum dryer with microwave, ultrasonic sources, convective energy supply and a sorting drum, located in a single housing, characterized in that it contains a device for cleaning the threads of the sorting drum from sticking particles of starch and sorted material, which is a water ramp with nozzles located above the sorting drum, which makes an oscillatory movement during washing due to the drive through a rocking mechanism.

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