RU2144939C1 - Method of treating diesel fuel - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: motor fuels. SUBSTANCE: in a method wherein fuel is filtered, treated in separator, warmed in heat exchanger and receives depressant, said warming is conducted to achieve 40 to 55 C and said depressant is a special-type reagent added in amounts from 0.008 to 0.05%. Addition of depressant is accomplished by the aid of dispensing pump ensuring pulverization of reagent under pressure from 0.5 to 25 kg/sq.cm before fuel enters accumulation tank. EFFECT: achieved characteristics of fuel required by European standard resulting in prolongation of engine operation by 30-40%. 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of engine building, in particular to the processing of fuel for diesel internal combustion engines. Road pollution is the most significant environmental factor in all cities in the world.

The study of the content of polyaromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the exhaust gases (exhaust) of engines is becoming increasingly important. A study of the carcinogenic properties of this class of compounds showed that they carry a greater danger to the world's population than toxic inorganic components of the exhaust gases, such as CJ, CH, Xo _x . Known methods for reducing PAHs in exhaust gases do not give significant results, since polyaromatic hydrocarbons in engines do not completely burn, and in the form of coke and tar products settle on the walls of the combustion chamber, pistons, nozzles and are discharged together with the exhaust gases. As a result, even with an increase in the environmental characteristics of the exhaust gas, the combustion chambers still coke, which leads to a decrease in the engine's service life and, therefore, to a decrease in the ability to maintain these characteristics at the initial level. The optimal ratio between the service life of diesel engines and the environmental safety of exhaust gases allows for the declared processing of diesel fuel before it enters the combustion chamber.

 The claimed processing is based on the developed and comprehensively studied technology of the DITO company, which provides complex thermodynamic and physicochemical processing of diesel fuel before refueling it in fuel tanks directly from the consumer and is a development of the previously known fuel processing technology of the same company (see patents of the Russian Federation N 2054572, IPC F 02 M 43/00, 1996 and N 2105184, IPC F 02 M 29/00, 1998).

 As a prototype of the claimed method, a method of processing diesel fuel when feeding it to consumers was selected, including filtering, processing the fuel in a separator, heating it in a heat exchanger and supplying a depressant additive to the fuel, known from the patent of the Russian Federation N 2054572.

 The task to which the claimed invention is directed is to improve the previously known diesel fuel processing technology, which allows to bring waterlogged and contaminated diesel fuel to the level of the Single European Standard and reduce the PAH content in the fuel by more than 2 times, and in exhaust emissions - by 1 5-2 times. At the same time, due to more complete combustion of the fuel, its consumption is reduced and the service life of the engine is increased by 30-40%.

The problem is solved in that the method of processing diesel fuel when it is supplied to consumers, including filtering, processing the fuel in a separator, heating it in a heat exchanger and supplying a depressant additive to the fuel, according to the invention, the fuel is heated to a temperature of 40-55 ^o C, and as a pour point depressant used "Keroflyuks" in an amount of 0.008 - 0.05% for 100% of the mass of fuel, and supplying "Keroflyuksa" metering pump is carried by spraying the additives under a pressure of from 0.5 to 25 kgf / cm ² before exiting fuel in n kopitelnuyu capacity.

 A feature of the claimed method is the selection of optimal conditions for the most efficient use of Keroflux fuel additive (Keroflux), which received a hygienic certificate of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation N 077MC 03 225 P 07558 G8 of 02.16.98, allowing the use of Keroflux as an additive to diesel fuel for cars and tractors.

 The additive "Keroflux" is a derivative of tetramide ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid and an ethene-based polymer.

Studies of the company "DITO" showed that the most effective use of the Keroflux additive is achieved under the following conditions: the choice of the optimum temperature for heating the fuel to 40-55 ^o C, the selection of the optimal amount of additive in the amount of 0.008 - 0.05% per 100% of the mass fuel and select the mode of supply of the additive by the metering pump by spraying under pressure from 0.5 to 25 kgf / cm ² before the fuel enters the storage tank.

The above optimal conditions for processing fuel with Keroflux additive allow water, solids and most (up to 75%) of heavy polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons to be removed from the fuel. All this leads to a more complete combustion of fuel in the engine, an increase in the power of the latter, a decrease in fuel consumption and exhaust emissions. Adding Keroflux additive allows to lower (from 263 to 245K, or from -10 to -28 ^o C) the freezing point of summer diesel fuel, since Keroflux additive acts as a crystal modifier for higher p-paraffins and prevents the formation of a coherent lattice consisting of from paraffin crystals and significantly reduces the limiting filterability temperature of the middle distillate.

 The drawing shows a schematic diagram of a device for processing fuel according to the claimed method.

 The table shows comparative indicators of fuel quality, as well as comparative indicators of toxicity of exhaust gases and indicators of fuel efficiency of untreated fuel and fuel processed according to the technology of the company "DITO".

 The device comprises a tank 1 of untreated fuel connected in series with a node 2 for cleaning fuel, a heat exchanger 3 and a node 4 for mixing fuel with an additive. Unit 4 mixing the fuel with the additive, in turn, is in communication with the tank 5 additives "Keroflux" and the tank 6 processed fuel.

Contaminated and waterlogged fuel from the tank 1 of untreated fuel is supplied to the fuel cleaning unit 2, where fuel is filtered and separated. The separated fuel enters the heat exchanger 3, where the fuel is heated to a temperature of 40-55 ^o C. In the mixing unit 4, the heated fuel is mixed with the Keroflux additive supplied from the tank 5 by the metering pump by spraying at a pressure of 0.5 to 25 kgf / cm ² . The amount of additive supplied, constituting 0.008 - 0.05% per 100% of the mass of fuel, is provided by a metering pump. After passing the specified processing, diesel fuel is supplied to the tank 6 of the processed fuel, from where it goes directly to the consumer.

 It is clearly seen from the data in the table that when fuel is processed using the DITO technology, important indicators such as PAH content, solidification temperature in the fuel, decrease in carbon monoxide, carcinogenic PAHs, soot and smoke in the engine exhaust gases decrease, as well as a decrease in specific fuel consumption of an internal combustion engine.

Claims (1)

A method of processing diesel fuel when it is supplied to consumers, including filtering, processing the fuel in a separator, heating it in a heat exchanger and supplying a depressant additive to the fuel, characterized in that the fuel is heated to a temperature of 40 - 55 ^o C, and use as a depressant additive Keroflux in the amount of 0.008 - 0.05% per 100% of the mass of fuel, and the supply of Keroflux is carried out by the metering pump by spraying the additive under pressure from 0.5 kgf / cm ² to 25 kgf / cm ² before the fuel is released into the storage capacity.

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