KR101429503B1 - Emulsification fuel manufacturing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a system to supply emulsified fuel. By manufacturing an emulsified fuel by mechanically or ultrasonically combining oil for ship, diesel, fuel oil A, fuel oil B, fuel oil C, crude oil, and other intermediate oil with water or seawater; an emulsified fuel can be manufactured by the system to supply an emulsified fuel. The emulsified fuel can easily be carried, is reduced with soot and nitrogen oxides which are air pollutants to improve the atmospheric environments, and is reduced with exhaust gas of a ship engine to counteract the emission regulation for ships, while remarkably reducing the exhaust gas of a boiler or a power generator.

Description

[0001] Emulsification fuel manufacturing system [0002]

The present invention relates to an emulsified fuel supply system, and more particularly, to an emulsified fuel supply system that mixes heavy oil components such as marine oil, diesel oil, A heavy oil, B heavy oil, C heavy oil, and crude oil with water or sea water using mechanical or ultrasonic waves, To improve the atmospheric environment by reducing soot and nitrogen oxides, which are air pollutants in combustion, to reduce exhaust gas of marine engines, to cope with exhaust gas regulation on ships, The present invention relates to a system capable of drastically reducing exhaust gas.

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Compression ignition diesel engines have a higher emission of NOx and particulate matter due to their lean burn characteristics than gasoline engines, which is pointed out as a major cause of air pollution. Nitrogen oxides cause photochemical reaction by sunlight to cause ozone generation and cause respiratory diseases and fine dusts are small dusts with particle size of 10 or less. They penetrate easily into the respiratory tract and adsorb to the lungs, causing bronchial effect and lung cancer . Especially, due to the characteristics of the metropolitan area in Korea, population density is high, vehicle stay time is long, the distance between the roads and residential areas is short, and buses and trucks operate frequently. It is urgent.
The low NOx technology is a pretreatment method that improves the pretreatment and combustion facilities of the fuel. It is a method of pretreatment to improve fuel injection timing, refinement of combustion chamber shape, improvement of fuel injection system, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR), water injection method, emulsion of diesel oil- Catalyst decomposition, catalytic reduction, absorption, adsorption, and the like can be given as a post-treatment method for removing NOx contained in exhaust gas and the like.
The use of dual water in an emulsified state together with a liquid fuel has recently attracted attention as a technology capable of simultaneously reducing NOx, particulate, CO and HC without substantially decreasing thermal efficiency. The main factors that cause this effect are decrease of flame temperature by adding water, decrease of flame temperature by rapid evaporation of water, micro explosion of remains due to rapid evaporation of water, increase of ambient air content by increase of spray penetration .
On the other hand, when the Tier 3 regulation enters into force in 2016, about 80% or more of NOx should be reduced compared to the current level. Emulsion fuelization of heavy oil is emerging as a solution to this problem. In addition, attempts have been made to reduce nitrogen oxides by SCR (Selective Catalytic Reduction) method, but it is essential to install an emulsion fuel supply system as a pretreatment facility due to the generation of soot and sulfur dioxide.
Conventional emulsion technology has a structure in which a water-in-oil type emulsion occurs and water is wrapped in oil. As a result of time lapses such as defective ignition in an engine or a boiler, corrosion in a fuel feed pipe, etc., Water particles are recombined with each other, and water crystal separation occurs due to the crystal growth of water particles, which makes it impossible to use them as fuel. Accordingly, in order to solve the problem of oil and water phase disturbance by maintaining the phase stability of oil and water, Korean Patent Publication No. 0581665 discloses a method of adding water and additives to a heavy oil such as Bunker C oil, Bunker B oil, Bunker A oil, To supply the water-in-oil type emulsion fuel emulsified under optimum conditions to the combustion apparatus, and to reduce the amount of emulsion circulation for uniform mixing in the circulation system including the emulsion fuel tank, so that the volume of each of the feed pumps and the circulation pump The amount of water, oil, and additives to form the water-in-oil type emulsion, which ensures phase stability, can not be controlled, because the amount of additives and water is determined depending on the level of the fuel stored in the emulsion fuel tank. .
Accordingly, the present inventors have conducted research to solve the technical problems of conventional water-in-water type emulsion fuels, and have found that when emulsified fuels such as water, oil, and emulsifiers capable of controlling the supply amount of water, And the present invention has been completed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been conceived to solve the problems of the prior art, and it is an object of the present invention to provide a structure in which water or salt water is wrapped in water in water in the form of water by an ultrasonic wave or a mechanical method using an emulsifier and an emulsified fuel supply device, (Fuel oil) such as water or seawater and ship oil, diesel oil, bunker A, bunker C, bunker C, bunker C, crude oil, etc. and emulsion fuel made of stable fuel And to provide a system for providing such a system.

In order to achieve the above and other objects, the present invention provides an emulsified fuel supply system, wherein at least one of the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compounds (a) is selected as the emulsifier of the emulsified fuel supply system and the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound b) is selected, at least one of the metal nitrides (c) is selected, and at least one of the alcohols (d) is selected and mixed.
As the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound, the repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of the polyoxyethylene is 5 to 25, the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound has a repeating unit ) Is 5 to 25, the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the metal nitride is one selected from the group consisting of nickel nitride, lithium nitride, manganese nitride, gallium nitride, boron nitride, and alkyl boron nitride , And the alcohols include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, pentanol, isopentyl alcohol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, isohexyl alcohol, trimethanolamine, phenoxyethanol, Amine, diisopropanolamine, and triisopropanolamine.
The emulsifier composition may be prepared by mixing the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound (a) and the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound (b) in a weight ratio of a: b = 1: 100 to 100: The mixing ratio of the nitrides c and the alcohols d is in the range of c: d = 1: 1 to 1: 100 and a + b: c + d = 100: 1 to 1: Can be mixed and emulsified in the oil of diesel fuel, marine oil, bunker A, bunker B and bunker C in a volume ratio of 0.01 to 15%.
The emulsion fuel supply system of the present invention comprises: an emulsifier tank (A) storing the emulsifier; A marine oil or an oil inlet (B) into which marine oil or oil is introduced; Water or seawater inlet (C) into which water or seawater is introduced; The first metering pump O connected to the emulsifying tank A is connected to the emulsion tank A by a second pump P connected to the marine oil or the oil inlet B by the emulsifier tank A, Or a mixing tank (D) for mixing water or sea water supplied from the oil inlet (B), water or seawater supplied by the third pump (Q) connected to the water or the sea water inlet (C); A first electromagnetic flow meter F1 provided at a lower portion of the first metering pump O for controlling the supply amount of the emulsifier supplied to the mixing tank, a second electromagnetic pump M1 for adjusting the supply amount of the marine oil or oil supplied to the mixing tank, A third electronic flow meter F3 installed at a lower portion of the third pump Q for controlling the supply amount of water or seawater supplied to the mixing tank; The mixture of the mixing tank D is conveyed by the fourth pump R connected to the mixing tank D and the mixture is emulsified by the emulsion tank stirrer or the homomixer I so that the emulsion fuel of the water- (E); A storage tank (F) for transferring and storing the emulsified fuel from the emulsifying tank (E) by opening a valve (S) provided under the emulsifying tank (E); A fuel pump for supplying fuel to the engine or the boiler from the storage tank F through an electromagnetic flowmeter F4 by means of a fifth pump T provided below the storage tank F, ); And a recycle line (U) for recycling the emulsified fuel overflowing from the reservoir (F) to the reservoir (F).
The flow rate ratio P: Q of the second pump P and the third pump Q is determined as a ratio between 20: 1 and 10: 6 in volume ratio. The second pump P and the third pump Q, (P) and the flow rate ratio (P + Q: O) of the first pump (O) are determined in a ratio of 10,000: 1 to 10: 3 in volume ratio, E) is a ratio of D: E of between 1:10 and 100: 1.
The stirrer H provided in the mixing tank D rotates at a speed of 60 to 200,000 rpm and the stirrer or the homomixer I installed in the emulsion tank E rotates at a speed of 1,000 to 200,000 rpm, The operation time of the stirrer of the bath (E) or the homomixer (I) is from 1 minute to 30 minutes.
A valve O 'or O' is provided at the front end or the front end of each of the first metering pump O, the second pump P, the third pump Q, the fourth pump R and the fifth pump T, P, Q, and R ') (T' or T ', T'') R, T); Level gauges K, L, M and N are respectively installed in the emulsifier tank A, the mixing tank D, the emulsification tank E and the storage tank F. The first metering pumps O, The second pump P, the third pump Q and the fourth pump R are operated in conjunction with the level gauge L provided in the mixing tank D; The first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q are operated in conjunction with the fourth pump R and / or the emulsifier tank level gauge K; The valve S is operated in conjunction with the level gauge N of the reservoir F and the level gauge M of the emulsification tank E. [ (P '), Q' (T (P), P ') provided at the front ends of the first metering pump O, the second pump P, the third pump Q and the fifth pump T, ') Is opened when each pump (O, P, Q, T) is operated and is closed when the operation is stopped, A pump is installed at the rear end of the valve (S), and the pump can be operated in conjunction with the valve (S).
When the level gauge L of the mixing tank D is lower than the maximum water level under the operation of the mixing tank agitator H, the first metering pump O, the second pump P, When the level gauge L of the mixing tank D reaches the maximum water level by operating the third pump Q and the third pump Q to supply the emulsifier, ship oil, oil, water or seawater to the mixing tank D, The second pump P and the third pump Q are stopped when the level gauge L of the mixing tank D is lower than the minimum level, The fourth pump R is operated to transfer the mixture in the mixing tank to the emulsion tank E until the level gauge M of the emulsion tank E reaches the maximum water level, (P) and the third pump (Q) are stopped when the mixture is transferred to the emulsion tank (E) by operating the first metering pump (O), the second pump (P) And when the fourth pump (R) is stopped, (C) the agitator or the homomixer (I) of the emulsification tank (E) is operated for 1 minute to 30 minutes After the operation for the set time period, when the emulsified fuel is generated, the operation of the stirrer or homomixer I is stopped and the valve S is opened to transfer all of the emulsified fuel to the reservoir F, (D) repeating steps (a) - (c) until the level gauge (N) of the reservoir (F) The valve S is closed and the level gauge N of the storage tank F falls below a predetermined level between the highest water level and the lowest water level, (F) an alarm sounds when the level gauge K of the emulsifier tank A drops to the minimum water level, and the first metering pump O, the second pump P, the third pump Q Working on And the emulsifier tank A is replenished with the emulsifier tank E being operated until the level gauge L of the mixing tank D falls below the minimum level. The above-mentioned (a) to (f) may be performed by one or more controllers individually or collectively controlling.

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According to the present invention, it can be used without problems of phase separation between water or seawater and diesel, marine oil, A heavy oil or B heavy oil or C heavy oil or crude oil as well as at a high storage temperature such as summer, for example. Also, in the case of diesel, ship oil, A heavy oil or B oil or C heavy oil, heavy oil such as diesel, marine oil, A heavy oil or B oil or C oil surrounds water or seawater and corrosion problem of fuel tank and fuel supply system In the marine engine or boiler, the fine particulate water in the diesel, the marine oil, the heavy oil A or the B oil or the C oil in the inside of the marine engine or the boiler makes a fine explosion to make it close to the complete combustion, thereby reducing the carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons It contributes greatly to the improvement of the environment and contributes to the reduction of carbon dioxide emission, which is a greenhouse gas, as an alternative fuel.
In addition, by using the diesel or marine oil or A heavy oil (Bunker A) or B heavy oil (Bunker B) or C heavy oil (Bunker C) emulsified with water or sea water produced by using the emulsified fuel supply system of the present invention The fine particles inside the heavy oil cause fine explosion inside the engine, which breaks down the heavy oil particles and smoothes the contact with oxygen. It induces it to close to the complete oxidation and takes the latent heat to lower the temperature inside the engine. It suppresses the generation of nitrogen oxides and reduces the emissions of soot and nitrogen oxides by 50% or more, respectively, thereby contributing greatly to the improvement of the atmospheric environment by discharging less pollutants. Therefore, it is possible to improve the atmospheric environment by using the emulsified fuels such as industrial boilers, industrial generators, Can be used as a feeding device.

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1 is a schematic view of an emulsified fuel supply system applied with an emulsified fuel supply system according to one preferred embodiment of the present invention.

<유화 중질유의 상분리 정도>
표1에서 보는 것과 같이 본 발명에 사용된 유화제로 사용한 실시예 1 내지 실시예 7 그리고 실시예 11과 실시예 12가 본 발명의 유화연료 공급 시스템을 사용한 경우 유화가 잘되고 물과 중질유와의 상분리가 거의 일어나지 않아 안전하게 사용할 수 있다.

<엔진 후단에서의 배출가스 분석>
표 2에서 보는 것과 같이 중질유를 본 발명의 실시예처럼 유화시켜 사용하게 되면 중질유 내부에 미세 입자화되어 있던 물이 엔진 내부에서 미세폭발을 일으켜 중질유 입자를 잘게 쪼개어 주어 산소와 접촉을 원활하게 하는 역할을 하여 완전 산화에 가깝게 유도하여 매연을 50% 이상 줄여주며, 중질유 내부에 미세입자화 되어 있던 물이 엔진 내부에서 미세폭발을 일으킬 때 잠열을 빼앗아 엔진 내부의 온도를 낮춰주어 질소산화물의 발생을 억제하게 되어 질소산화물 배출을 50% 이상 줄여주는 효과를 보여주고 있다. 따라서 본 발명의 효과로 대기오염물질을 덜 배출시켜 대기환경개선에 크게 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 물 또는 해수를 사용함으로 인하여 그만큼 에너지를 감소하게 되고 온실가스인 이산화탄소 배출을 감축하는 효과를 동시에 얻을 수 있다.
이상에서는 본 발명의 바람직한 구체예를 참조하여 설명하였지만, 해당 기술분야의 숙련된 당업자라면 하기의 특허청구범위에 기재된 본 발명의 사상 및 영역으로부터 벗어나지 않는 범위 내에서 본 발명을 다양하게 수정 및 변경시킬 수 있음을 이해할 수 있을 것이다.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention will be described in more detail with reference to the following illustrative drawings.
The present invention relates to a method for supplying an emulsified fuel to a marine engine or a boiler by using an emulsified fuel supply system as shown in Fig. 1 to reduce the temperature of the flame by adding water or seawater, micro explosion of remnants due to rapid evaporation of water, The amount of air pollution can be reduced because the amount of soot and nitrogen oxides are reduced primarily by increasing the amount of ambient air mixed with the increase of spray penetration force.
As the emulsifier to be introduced into the emulsifier tank (A) of the emulsified fuel supply system of the present invention shown in Fig. 1, at least one of the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compounds (a) is selected, and at least one of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compounds Is selected, at least one of the metal nitrides (c) is selected, and at least one of the alcohols (d) is selected and mixed.
The polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound is characterized in that the polyoxyethylene has a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of 5 to 25, and the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound is characterized by having a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of 5 to 25, wherein the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms. The metal nitride includes nickel nitride, lithium nitride, manganese nitride, gallium nitride, boron nitride, and alkyl boron nitride. Alcohols include methanol, ethanol, propanol, Butanol, pentanol, isopentyl alcohol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, isohexyl alcohol, trimethanolamine, phenoxyethanol, monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine and triisopropanolamine.
The mixing ratio of the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound (a) and the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound (b) is in the range of a: b = 1: 100-100: 1 and the mixing ratio of the metal nitrides (c) ) Is mixed at a weight ratio of c: d = 1: 1 to 1: 100, and the mixture is mixed at a weight ratio of a + b: c + d = 100: 1 to 1: 100, Is mixed with oil of kerosene, light oil, marine oil, bunker A, Bunker C, etc. at a volume ratio of 0.01 to 15% in volume ratio and emulsified.
A commercially available emulsifier may be used in addition to the above emulsifier in the emulsifier tank (A).
1, the emulsifier in the emulsifier tank A is fed to the mixing tank D by controlling the flow rate of the emulsifier through the first metering pump O to the electromagnetic flowmeter F1, Bunker B or bunker C In the inlet B, the marine oil or light oil or bunker A, bunker B or bunker C is fed to the mixing tank D by controlling the flow rate to the electromagnetic flowmeter F2 through the second pump P Water or seawater is fed to the mixing tank D by controlling the flow rate of the water or the seawater through the third pump Q to the electromagnetic flow meter F3 in the water or seawater inlet C so that the emulsifier, When the three components of the light oil or the bunker A, the bunker B, the bunker C, the water or the sea water are mixed in the mixing tank, they are transferred to the emulsion tank E via the fourth pump R. In the emulsion tank E, The emulsified fuel which has been emulsified through the valve S is opened to transfer it to the storage tank F. In the storage tank F, Through the pump 5 (T) it is transported through the fuel supply port (G) of a ship engine or boiler, wherein the overflow emulsified fuel which is recirculated through the recirculation line (U) to a reservoir (F).
Referring to FIG. 1, the emulsifier in the emulsifier tank A is fed to the mixing tank D by controlling the flow rate of the emulsifier through the first metering pump O to the electromagnetic flowmeter F1. The marine oil or light oil or the bunker A, the bunker B or the bunker C is transferred to the mixing tank D by controlling the flow rate to the electromagnetic flowmeter F2 through the second pump P at the marine oil or oil inlet B, Water or seawater is transferred to the mixing tank D by regulating the flow rate to the electromagnetic flow meter F3 through the third pump Q in the water or seawater inlet C,
When the three components of the emulsifier, the marine oil or the oil (the light oil or the bunker A or the bunker B or the bunker C), the water or the sea water are mixed in the mixing tank in the mixing tank D through the fourth pump R, And in the emulsification tank (E), the emulsified fuel emulsified through the agitator or the homomixer is transferred to the storage tank (F) by opening the valve S. In the reservoir F, a predetermined amount of the emulsified fuel is transferred to the fuel supply port G to the engine or the boiler by adjusting the flow rate to the electromagnetic flowmeter F4 through the fifth pump T. At this time, the overflowed emulsified fuel is recirculated to the reservoir F through the recycle line U. The valves O ', O are opened when the first metering pump O is activated and closed when the operation is stopped. The valves P ', P are opened when the second pump (P) is activated and closed when the operation is stopped. The valves Q 'and Q are opened when the third pump Q is operated and closed when the operation is stopped. The valve R 'is opened when the fourth pump R is operated and closed when the operation is stopped. The valves T ', T are opened when the fifth pump (T) is activated and closed when the operation is stopped. O 'and O' valves can be replaced by one valve O ', P' and P valves can be replaced by one valve P ', and Q' and Q valves can be replaced by one valve Q ' , T ', T''valves can be replaced by one valve T'. At this time, the valve O is opened when the first metering pump O is operated and closed when the operation is stopped, the valve P is opened when the second pump P is operated and closed when the operation is stopped, (Q) is open and closed when it stops operating. Further, the valve T is opened when the fifth pump T is operated and closed when the operation is stopped, and the valve T is closed when the valve O 'or O', O, P 'or P', P, Q 'or Q' P, Q, R, T) and the pumps (O, P, Q, R, T) operate in conjunction with each other. A pump can be installed and used to speed up the delivery to the rear of the valve.
The emulsifier tank is filled with the emulsifier so that the level gauge K of the emulsifier tank A becomes a constant level. A certain amount is transferred to the mixing chamber D through the second pump P via the vessel oil or oil (diesel or bunker A or bunker B or Bunker C) inlet B. Water or seawater is transferred to the mixing tank through the third pump (Q) through the water or sea water inlet (C). At this time, the mixing ratio of the emulsifier and the marine oil or oil (diesel or bunker A or bunker B or Bunker C), water or seawater is determined by the flow rates of the metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q, respectively . The ratio of the flow rate of the second pump P to the flow rate of the third pump Q is a ratio of P: Q = 20: 1 to 10: 6 at a volume ratio. If the flow ratio is smaller than P: Q = 20: It is difficult to obtain an effect, and it is difficult to produce an emulsified fuel when the flow ratio is larger than P: Q = 10: 6.
The ratio of the sum of the flow rates of the second pump P and the third pump Q and the flow rate ratio of the first metering pump O is a ratio of P + Q: O = 10,000: 1 to 10: 3, + Q: If the flow ratio is smaller than O = 10,000: 1, the emulsification will not occur properly. If the flow ratio is larger than P + Q: O = 10: 3, excessive use of the emulsifier causes foaming and increases the volume. The volume ratio of the mixing tank D to the emulsion tank E is in the range of D: E = 1: 10 to 100: 1. If the volume ratio is smaller than D: E = 1: 10, The effect of pre-mixing is lost. When D: E = 100: 1, the volume of the mixing tank becomes too large and the volume becomes too large. Since the emulsifying tank is relatively small, the emulsifying tank must continue to operate continuously. The continuous operation becomes difficult.
When the number of revolutions of the agitator is less than 60 rpm, mixing becomes difficult and it is difficult to sufficiently emulsify in the emulsification tank. When the number of revolutions of the agitator is more than 200,000 rpm, So that it is difficult to transfer the oil to the oil tank and the oil tank does not easily emulsify in the oil tank.
If the number of revolutions of the agitator or the homomixer is less than 1,000 rpm, the emulsified fuel is not properly generated, and the number of revolutions of the agitator or the homomixer (I) When it is larger than 200,000 rpm, a lot of bubbles are formed, the viscosity increases, the volume increases, and the function as an emulsifying fuel is significantly deteriorated. The operation time of the homomixer or the agitator (I) in the emulsification tank (E) is between 1 minute and 30 minutes. When the operation time of the homomixer or the agitator (I) is less than 1 minute, If the operation time of the homomixer or the agitator (I) exceeds 30 minutes, the generation of foam increases, the viscosity increases, and the performance of the emulsified fuel deteriorates sharply.
In the emulsified fuel supply system of the present invention, the valves O 'and O are opened each time the first metering pump O is operated in conjunction with the first metering pump O, and is closed when the operation is stopped. The first metering pump O is activated by receiving a signal from the electromagnetic flowmeter F1.
The valves P 'and P are opened when the second pump P operates in conjunction with the second pump P, and are closed when the operation is stopped. The second pump P is operated by receiving a signal from the electromagnetic flowmeter F2. The valves Q 'and Q are opened when the third pump Q is operated in conjunction with the third pump Q, and are closed when the operation is stopped. The third pump Q is activated by receiving a signal from the electromagnetic flowmeter F3. The valve R 'is opened when the fourth pump R operates in conjunction with the fourth pump R, and is closed when the operation stops.
The valves T 'and T are opened when the fifth pump T is operated in conjunction with the fifth pump T, and are closed when the operation is stopped. The first metering pump O, the second pump P, the third pump Q and the fourth pump R and the respective electromagnetic flow meters F1, F2 and F3 are connected to a level gauge L And the first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q operate in conjunction with the fourth pump R. [
When the level gauge L of the mixing tank is lower than the highest water level, the pumps O, P and Q are operated to supply the emulsifier, ship oil or oil, water or seawater to the mixing tank D, When the level of the water reaches the minimum level, the fourth pump R is fed to the emulsification tank E until the level gauge M in the emulsification tank E reaches the maximum level, and the mixture of the emulsifier, do.
When the fourth pump R is operated and transported, the pumps O, P, and Q stop operating, and when the fourth pump R stops, the pumps O, P, and Q operate again. The valve S operates in conjunction with the level gauge N of the reservoir F and the level gauge M of the emulsification tank E. When the level gauge M in the emulsification tank (E) reaches the maximum water level, the homomixer or stirrer (I) operates when the homogenous mixer or stirrer (I) produces the emulsified fuel after the operation for a fixed time of 1 to 30 minutes The valve S is closed and the valve S is closed when the level gauge N in the reservoir F is raised to the maximum water level.
The first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q and the respective electromagnetic flow meters F1, F2 and F3 are also operated in conjunction with the level gauge K so as to be connected to the emulsifier tank A When the level gauge K is lowered to the minimum level, an alarm sounds and the first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q stop.
The operating procedure of the emulsified fuel supply system of the present invention is
1) When the level gauge L of the mixing tank is lower than the maximum water level, the first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q are operated to flow through the respective electronic flow meters F1, F2 and F3 An emulsifier, vessel oil or oil, water or seawater is supplied to the mixing tank (D), and the agitator (H) in the mixing tank (D) is operated. The pump first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q are stopped when the level gauge L of the mixing tank D reaches the maximum water level. However, the agitator H continues to operate.
2) When the level gauge L in the mixing tank D becomes the minimum water level or higher, the fourth pump R is returned to the emulsification tank E until the level gauge M in the emulsification tank E reaches the maximum water level, Transfer a mixture of oil or oil, water or seawater. Pumps O, P and Q are stopped when the fourth pump R is operated and the pumps O, P and Q are operated again when the fourth pump R stops.
3) When the level gauge M in the emulsification tank E reaches the maximum water level, the operation of the fourth pump R is stopped, the valve R 'is closed, and the homomixer or the agitator I reaches a predetermined time The homomixer or the agitator I is stopped, the valve S is opened, and all of the emulsified fuel is transported to the reservoir F, and then the valve S is closed.
4) The emulsified fuel is supplied to the engine or boiler through the electromagnetic flowmeter F4 by the operation of the fifth pump T and the overflowed fuel is recirculated through the recycle line U to the reservoir F again.
5) The process from 1) to 3) is repeated until the level gauge N in the reservoir F rises to the highest water level.
6) If the level gauge N in the reservoir F is raised to the highest water level, the valve S is closed. If the level gauge N falls below the predetermined water level between the highest water level and the lowest water level, Is repeated.
7) When the level gauge K in the emulsifier tank A drops to the minimum water level, an alarm sounds and the first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q are stopped and the mixing tank D ) Until the level gauge L at the bottom of the tank is lower than the minimum level. At this time, the emulsifier is immediately added to the emulsifier tank (A).
This series of operations is performed by one or more controllers that control individually or in combination.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on the following examples and comparative examples. The following examples and comparative examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the present invention to the following examples and comparative examples.
200 of the light oil, the marine oil, the A heavy oil or the B heavy oil or the C heavy oil, and the crude oil prepared from the examples and the comparative examples were put into a constant temperature water bath at 80 ° C. for 12 hours, The results are shown in Table 1. The emulsion stability index (ESI) was calculated by the following formula using a simple but sensitive volumetric method.
ESI = 100 - (So + Sw ), So = (Vo / V a) 100, Sw = (Vw / V a) 100
Where Vo is the volume of the oil layer separated from the emulsification system over time, Vw is the volume of the oil layer separated from the emulsion system over time, And shows the volume of the water layer separated from the emulsification system with the passage of time. Here, if the ESI is 100%, it means a stable state in which phase separation is not observed at all.
(Or Bunker A) or B oil (or Bunker B) or C oil (or Bunker C) emulsified by adding water or sea water produced in the emulsified fuel supply system of FIG. The results are shown in Table 2. The compression ignition engine used for the performance test was a straight upright four-stroke engine. The combustion type was direct injection type. The cylinder had a cylinder inner diameter of 123mm155mm, a cylinder of 11,051cc displacement, a compression ratio of 17.1: 1, a maximum torque / engine speed of 81.5kgm / rpm, maximum output / engine speed = 780Nm / 2,200rpm, and exhaust gas emission was run in ND-13 mode using AVL's engine dynamometer and EXL-1628 exhaust emission analyzer from Firm Ware Technology was used.
Example 1
The emulsifier tank (A) was filled with 50 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound having a polyoxyethylene repeating unit (polymerization degree) of 10 and an alkyl group of 10 as an emulsifier component, 10 repeating units of polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization) An emulsifier prepared by mixing 50 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound having 10 carbon atoms, 1 g of lithium nitrate and 2 g of methanol is placed in the emulsifier tank A, the first metering pump O is operated in the emulsifier tank A, O 'and O are opened at the same time, and the emulsifier is transferred to the mixing bath D for 3 minutes through the electromagnetic flowmeter F1 at 1 liter per minute. At the same time, the valves P' and P are simultaneously opened and the second pump P is operated The marine diesel oil is transferred from the B to the 70 liters per minute through the electromagnetic flowmeter F2 to the mixing tank D of 400 liter volume for 3 minutes and the valves Q 'and Q are simultaneously opened and the third pump Q ) Is activated and flows through the electromagnetic flowmeter (F3) C in 3 minutes to thereby feed the mixing chamber (D) to 30 liters per minute. At this time, the level gauge L of the mixing tank D indicates the highest water level, the pump O stops operating, the valves O 'and O are simultaneously closed, the valves P' and P are simultaneously closed and the second pump P is stopped , The valves Q 'and Q are closed at the same time, and the third pump Q is stopped. When the level gauge L of the mixing tank D reaches the minimum level of 150 liters, the valve R 'is opened while the third level gauge L of the mixing tank D is opened. At the same time, The pump O is closed and the first metering pump O is stopped and the valves P 'and P are closed at the same time as the valves O' and O are closed at the same time, When the second pump P is closed and the valves Q 'and Q are closed while the third pump Q is stopped and the transfer to the oil tank E is completed, the level gauge L in the mixing tank D reaches the maximum water level I keep working until I do. In the emulsification tank E, when the level gauge M reaches the maximum water level, the homomixer I rotates at 70,000 rpm and emulsifies the emulsified fuel for 10 minutes to open the valve S to the storage tank F. In the storage tank F, The fifth pump T is operated to transfer a predetermined amount of the emulsified fuel into the engine through the electromagnetic flow meter F4 through the fuel supply port G to the engine or the boiler used in the present experiment. At this time, the overflowing emulsified fuel is recirculated through the recycle line (U) to the reservoir (F). When the valve S is opened and the emulsified fuel is transported and then closed, the level gauge M reaches the maximum water level, and the valve R 'and the fourth pump R, which have been closed by receiving a signal, receive the signal of the level gauge L, R) is operated and transferred to the oil tank. The emulsion fuel thus prepared was sampled and the degree of phase separation was measured.
Example 2
2 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound having a polyoxyethylene repeating unit (polymerization degree) of 20 and an alkyl group of 20 as an emulsifier component in the emulsifier tank (A) and a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of polyoxyethylene of 20 An emulsifier in which 98 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound having a carbon number of 20, 10 g of manganese nitride and 100 g of ethanol are mixed is put into the emulsifier tank A, the first metering pump O is operated in the emulsifier tank A, O 'and O are simultaneously opened and the emulsifier is transferred to the mixing tank D for 3 minutes through the electromagnetic flowmeter F1 at a rate of 10 liters per minute. The valves P' and P are simultaneously opened and the second pump P is operated, The light oil is transferred from the ship oil or the oil inlet B to the mixing tank D of 400 liters volume at 70 liters per minute for 3 minutes through the flow meter F2 and in the oil tank E the level gauge M reaches the maximum water level Homomixer (I) rotates at 2,000 rpm Except that the emulsified fuel which was emulsified for 25 minutes was opened by opening the valve S and transferred to the storage tank F. In the same manner as in Example 1 except that the emulsified fuel was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 and supplied to the engine used in the present invention Respectively.
Example 3
The emulsifier tank (A) was filled with 30 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound having a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of polyoxyethylene of 5 and an alkyl number of 5 as an emulsifier component, a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of 5, An emulsifier in which 70 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound having a carbon number of 5, 100 g of gallium nitride and 200 g of propanol are mixed is placed in the emulsifier tank A, the first metering pump O is operated in the emulsifier tank A, O 'and O are simultaneously opened and the emulsifier is transferred to the mixing bath D for 3 minutes through the electromagnetic flowmeter F1 at 0.1 liter per minute. The valves P' and P are simultaneously opened and the second pump P is operated, The bunker A is fed to the mixing tank D of 400 liter volume for 3 minutes at a rate of 70 liters per minute through the flowmeter F2 and the homomixer I is fed for 3 minutes in the emulsion tank E when the level gauge M reaches the highest level, Was rotated at 170,000 rpm and emulsified for 2 minutes Temper fuel but to feed a reservoir (F) by opening the valves S was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1.
Example 4
In the emulsifier tank (A), 70 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound having a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of polyoxyethylene of 10 and an alkyl number of 3 as an emulsifier component, 10 repeating units of polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization) An emulsifier in which 30 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound having a carbon number of 3, 10 g of boron nitride and 200 g of butanol are mixed is put into the emulsifier tank A and the valves Q 'and Q are simultaneously opened to operate the third pump Q Was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the seawater was sent from the C to the 30 liters per minute through the electromagnetic flowmeter (F3) in the mixing tank (D) for 3 minutes.
Example 5
In the emulsifier tank (A), 50 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound having a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of polyoxyethylene of 15 and an alkyl number of 10 as an emulsifier component, 15 repeating units of polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization) The emulsifier having a mixture of 50 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound having 10 carbon atoms, 10 g of alkyl boron nitride, and 700 g of isopropanol was charged into the emulsifier tank A, and the valves Q 'and Q were simultaneously opened, And the seawater was transferred to the mixing tank (D) at a rate of 30 liters per minute for 3 minutes instead of water through the electromagnetic flowmeter (F3), in the same manner as in Example 2.
Example 6
In the emulsifier tank (A), 90 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound having a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of polyoxyethylene of 25 and an alkyl number of 3 as an emulsifier component and 25 repeating units of polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization) of 25 The emulsifier mixed with 10 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound having a carbon number of 3, 10 g of nickel nitride and 20 g of isobutanol was placed in the emulsifier tank A, and the valves Q 'and Q were simultaneously opened, And the seawater was fed into the mixing tank (D) for 3 minutes at a rate of 30 liters per minute from C in place of water through the electronic flow meter (F3).
Example 7
10 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound having a repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of polyoxyethylene of 15 and an alkyl group of 10 as an emulsifier component in the emulsifier tank (A), 15 repeating units of polyoxyethylene (degree of polymerization) of 15 An emulsifier mixed with 90 liters of a polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound having 5 carbon atoms, 1 g of gallium nitride and 100 g of propanol is placed in the emulsifier tank A, the first metering pump O is operated in the emulsifier tank A, O 'and O are simultaneously opened, and the emulsifier is transferred to the mixing bath D for 3 minutes through the electromagnetic flowmeter F1 at a rate of 1 liter per minute. At the same time, the valves P' and P are simultaneously opened and the second pump P is operated The marine diesel oil is transferred from the B to the 70 liters per minute through the electromagnetic flowmeter F2 to the mixing tank D of 400 liter volume for 3 minutes and the valves Q 'and Q are simultaneously opened and the third pump Q ) Is activated and flows through the electromagnetic flowmeter (F3) C in 3 minutes to thereby feed the mixing chamber (D) to 30 liters per minute. At this time, the level gauge L of the mixing tank D indicates the highest water level, the pump O stops operating, the valves O 'and O are simultaneously closed, the valves P' and P are simultaneously closed and the second pump P is stopped , The valves Q 'and Q are closed at the same time, and the third pump Q is stopped. When the level gauge L of the mixing tank D reaches the minimum level of 150 liters, the valve R 'is opened while the third level gauge L of the mixing tank D is opened. At the same time, The pump R is operated and delivered to the emulsification tank E of volume 100 liters per minute for 2 minutes at 30 liters per minute while the valves O 'and O simultaneously stop the first metering pump O and the valves P' and P are closed At the same time, when the second pump P is stopped and the valves Q 'and Q are closed and the third pump Q is stopped and the transfer to the oil tank E is completed, the level gauge L in the mixing tank D reaches the maximum water level Continue to work until. In the emulsion tank E, when the level gauge M reaches the maximum water level, the homomixer I rotates at 100,000 rpm and emulsifies the emulsified fuel for 12 minutes to open the valve S to the storage tank F. In the storage tank F, A predetermined amount of the emulsified fuel is transferred to the engine or the boiler through the fifth pump T through the fuel supply port G to the inside of the engine. At this time, the overflowing emulsified fuel is recirculated through the recycle line (U) to the reservoir (F). When the valve S is opened and the emulsified fuel is transported and then closed, the level gauge M reaches the maximum water level, and the valve R 'and the fourth pump R, which have been closed by receiving a signal, receive the signal of the level gauge L, R) was operated and transferred to the emulsion tank.
Comparative Example 1
The marine oil was used for the engine used in the present invention and the concentration of the discharged gas was measured.
Comparative Example 2
The procedure of Example 7 was repeated except that no emulsifier component was added to the emulsifier tank (A).

<Degree of phase separation of emulsified heavy oil>
As shown in Table 1, when the emulsifying fuel supply system of the present invention was used in Examples 1 to 7 and 11 and 12, which were used as the emulsifier used in the present invention, emulsification was good and phase separation of water and heavy oil It hardly happens and can be used safely.

&Lt; Analysis of exhaust gas at the rear end of the engine &
As shown in Table 2, when the heavy oil is emulsified as in the embodiment of the present invention, water that has been finely granulated in the heavy oil causes a fine explosion inside the engine to finely grind the heavy oil particles to smooth contact with oxygen To reduce the amount of soot by more than 50%. When the fine particles in the heavy oil cause micro explosion inside the engine, it takes away the latent heat and lowers the internal temperature of the engine to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides , Which reduces nitrogen oxide emissions by more than 50%. Therefore, it is considered that the use of water or seawater can reduce the energy and reduce the emission of carbon dioxide, which is a greenhouse gas, at the same time. .
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims. It can be understood that it is possible.

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A: Emulsifier tank, B: Marine oil or oil inlet, C: Water or seawater inlet,
D: mixing tank, E: emulsification tank, F: storage tank, F1: first solenoid valve, F2: second solenoid valve,
F3: third solenoid valve, G: fuel supply port to the engine or boiler,
H: mixing tank stirrer,
I: Emulsion tank stirrer or homomixer (homomixer or stirrer),
J: storage tank agitator, K: emulsifier tank level gauge, L: mixing tank level gauge,
M: oil tank level gauge, N: storage tank level gauge, O: first metering pump,
P: second pump, Q: third pump, R: fourth pump, S: valve, T: fifth pump,
O ": valve, O": valve, P ': valve, P ": valve, Q': valve, Q": valve,
R ': valve, T': valve, T '': valve

Claims (12)

At least one of the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compounds (a) is selected, at least one of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compounds (b) is selected, at least one of the metal nitrides (c) is selected, and among the alcohols (d) Wherein at least one of the emulsifier compositions is selected and the emulsifier composition to be mixed is an emulsifier. The polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound according to claim 1, wherein the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound has a polyoxyethylene repeating unit (degree of polymerization) of 5 to 25, an alkyl group of 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound has a repeating unit (Degree of polymerization) of 5 to 25, and the alkyl group has 1 to 20 carbon atoms, and the metal nitride may be one selected from the group consisting of nickel nitride, lithium nitride, manganese nitride, gallium nitride, boron nitride and alkylboron nitride And the alcohols include alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, propanol, butanol, isopropyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, pentanol, isopentyl alcohol, hexanol, heptanol, octanol, isohexyl alcohol, trimethanolamine, phenoxyethanol, Wherein the emulsifier composition comprising one species selected from monoisopropanolamine, diisopropanolamine, and triisopropanolamine is an emulsifier.  The method of claim 1, wherein the mixing ratio of the polyoxyethylene alkylamine compound (a) and the polyoxyethylene alkyl ester compound (b) is in a weight ratio of a: b = 1: 100 to 100: The mixing ratio of the nitrides c and the alcohols d is in the range of c: d = 1: 1 to 1: 100 and a + b: c + d = 100: 1 to 1: Wherein the emulsifier composition is an emulsifier which is mixed and emulsified in a volume ratio of 0.01 to 15% with respect to oil of diesel, marine oil, bunker A, bunker B, and bunker C. The method according to claim 1, further comprising: an emulsifier tank (A) storing the emulsifier;
A marine oil or an oil inlet (B) into which marine oil or oil is introduced;
Water or seawater inlet (C) into which water or seawater is introduced;
The second pump P connected to the emulsifier supplied from the emulsifier tank A by the first metering pump O connected to the emulsifier tank A and the marine oil or the oil inlet B, A mixing tank (D) for mixing water or sea water supplied from the oil or oil inlet (B), water or seawater supplied by the water or the third pump (Q) connected to the sea water inlet (C);
A first electromagnetic flow meter F1 provided at a lower portion of the first metering pump O for controlling the supply amount of the emulsifier supplied to the mixing tank, a second electromagnetic pump M1 for adjusting the supply amount of the marine oil or oil supplied to the mixing tank, A third electronic flow meter F3 installed at a lower portion of the third pump Q for controlling the supply amount of water or seawater supplied to the mixing tank;
The mixture of the mixing tank D is conveyed by the fourth pump R connected to the mixing tank D and the mixture is emulsified by the emulsion tank stirrer or the homomixer I so that the emulsion fuel of the water- (E);
A storage tank (F) for transferring and storing the emulsified fuel from the emulsifying tank (E) by opening a valve (S) provided under the emulsifying tank (E);
A fuel pump for supplying fuel to the engine or the boiler from the storage tank F through an electromagnetic flowmeter F4 by means of a fifth pump T provided below the storage tank F, ); And
And a recirculation line (U) for recirculating the emulsified fuel overflowing from the reservoir (F) to the reservoir (F). The pump according to claim 4, wherein a flow ratio (P: Q) of the second pump (P) to the third pump (Q) is determined as a ratio of 20: 1 to 10: (P + Q: O) of the first pump (P) and the flow rate of the third pump (Q) and the flow rate ratio (P + Q: O) of the first pump (O) are determined as a ratio between 10,000: 1 and 10: 3 by volume. 5. The emulsified fuel supply system according to claim 4, wherein the mixing ratio (D: E) of the mixing tank (D) and the emulsion tank (E) is between 1:10 and 100: 1. The agitator (H) provided in the mixing tank (D) is rotated at a speed of 60 to 200,000 rpm and the stirrer or homomixer (I) provided in the emulsifying tank (E) And the operation time of the stirrer of the emulsification tank (E) or the homomixer (I) is from 1 minute to 30 minutes. The apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein a valve is provided at a front end or a front end of each of the first metering pump (O), the second pump (P), the third pump (Q), the fourth pump (R) (O 'or O', O) (P 'or P', P) (Q 'or Q', Q) O, P, Q, R, T);
Level gauges K, L, M and N are respectively installed in the emulsifier tank A, the mixing tank D, the emulsification tank E and the storage tank F. The first metering pumps O, The second pump P, the third pump Q and the fourth pump R are operated in conjunction with the level gauge L provided in the mixing tank D;
The first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q are operated in conjunction with the fourth pump R and / or the emulsifier tank level gauge K;
The valve S is operated in conjunction with the level gauge N of the reservoir F and the level gauge M of the emulsion tank E. The system according to claim 8, wherein each valve (O ') (P') provided at the front end of the first metering pump (O), the second pump (P), the third pump (Q) (Q ') (T') is opened when each of the pumps (O, P, Q, T) is operated and closed when the operation is stopped. 10. An emulsified fuel supply system according to claim 9, wherein a pump is installed at the rear end of the valve (S), and the pump is operated in conjunction with the valve (S). 11. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 10,
(a) When the level gauge L of the mixing tank D is lower than the maximum water level under the operation of the mixing tank agitator H, the first metering pump O, the second pump P, 3 pump (Q) is operated to supply an emulsifier, marine oil, oil, water or seawater to the mixing tank (D), and when the level gauge (L) of the mixing tank (D) The operation of the first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q is stopped,
(b) when the level gauge (L) of the mixing tank (D) is at least the minimum water level, the fourth pump (R) is operated so that when the level gauge When the mixture is transferred to the emulsion tank E and the fourth pump R is operated to transfer the mixture to the emulsion tank E, The second pump P and the third pump Q are stopped when the fourth pump R is stopped and the first metering pump O, The pump Q is operated again,
(c) after the operation of the agitator or homomixer (I) of the emulsification tank (E) for a predetermined time period from 1 to 30 minutes, when the emulsified fuel is generated, the operation of the stirrer or homomixer (S) is opened to transfer all of the emulsified fuel to the storage tank (F), the valve (S) is closed,
(d) repeating steps (a) - (c) until the level gauge (N) of the reservoir (F)
(e) closing the valve (S) when the level gauge (N) of the reservoir (F) rises above the maximum number, and if the level gauge (N) of the reservoir (F) (A) to (c) are repeated,
(f) When the level gauge K of the emulsifier tank A falls to the minimum level, an alarm sounds and the operation of the first metering pump O, the second pump P and the third pump Q is stopped And the emulsifying tank (E) is operated until the level gauge (L) of the mixing tank (D) falls below the minimum level.  12. The system according to claim 11, wherein (a) to (f) are performed by one or more controllers that control individually or in combination.

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