RU214023U1 - Mounting device for ring rollers - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture. SUBSTANCE: ring roller attachment device contains a frame, left and right batteries of ring rollers, located at angles of attack and connected by two spring-loaded rods to the corresponding drawbar attached to the short and long brackets, for attaching the beam to the machine frame. On the spring-loaded rods of the annular roller, there is a limiter for the stroke of the equalizer leash, and on the leash there is a stop against which the limiter rests. The leveler is mounted on a leash on the axis of rotation and is equipped with a flat spring that holds it in working position with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the soil surface. EFFECT: improved quality of tillage before sowing and after sowing crops. 4 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to devices for mounting working bodies that cultivate the soil surface on soil-cultivating and sowing implements, and can be used both separately and as part of combined tillage and sowing machines and units, mainly in agriculture.

Known devices linkage rollers on cultivators and other tillage and sowing machines. The devices allow you to couple the working bodies with the cultivator by means of a leash, hinged at one end to the frame of the machine, and at the other end to the roller bearing housing. In addition, to regulate the pressure of the rollers on the soil, there are longitudinal beams fixed on the frame of the machine motionless, and springs, the compression ratio of which is regulated by means of screw mechanisms, installed at one end in the guide bushings hinged on the beams, and at the other - hinged on the leashes (see Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2032292 A01V 21/08 dated 1991).

The main disadvantages of these designs are the small stroke of the springs working in compression, which leads to their breakage when moving through hollows or other obstacles. In addition, to set the desired spring pressure on the roller, a device with a threaded connection on large diameter bushings is required, which in the field becomes clogged with dirt, rusts and is difficult to adjust, and the bushings wear out quickly.

A known device for mounting rollers on cultivators, in which the depth of processing by battery modules is controlled by the tension of the springs mounted on the rods, by a screw mechanism. At the same time, the soil is leveled and weeds are combed out due to the shift of the soil (see RF patent No. 42151 A01B 21/08 of 1997).

The disadvantage of this device is the unfortunate place of installation of the spring, therefore it is impossible to provide the necessary pressure of the rollers on the soil and as a result the quality of tillage is reduced (the ridge is not removed and the furrow left by the paws is not covered with soil). In addition, the screw mechanism for adjusting the spring force is located in an inconvenient place, under the cultivator.

A hinged tillage device is known, including working bodies connected by a leash made in the form of a flat spring fixed in the hitch bracket with the possibility of a fixed change in its position in the longitudinal vertical plane (see RF patent No. 24332 A01B 21/08 from 2002). The disadvantages of this device include the small stroke of a flat spring sandwiched between the pins. When the roller hits an obstacle, the upper pin bends or the flat spring breaks along with the bend (Fig. 1). With an increase in the free play between the pins, the flat spring does not work and the quality of tillage decreases.

The closest analogue of the proposed utility model is a tillage tool according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2442301, A01B 21/08, published on February 20, 2012. Bull. No. 5. The device includes a frame, left and right batteries of ring rollers located at angles of attack. Each battery is articulated through supports with two spring-loaded rods to the corresponding drawbar attached to the short and long brackets for attaching the bar to the frame of the machine in which this tool is used. This technical solution was adopted by us as a prototype as the closest in terms of the task and methods for its implementation. The disadvantage of this tool is that the leash with the leveling bar is not pressed against the soil by a spring, therefore, in case of high resistance of the soil, it rises, leaving a mound of soil on the surface.

The need to improve the device for mounting ring rollers arises as a result of the following circumstances. When cultivating the soil with tillage implements or when sowing grain crops on a stubble background, under a cultivator paw, ring rollers are used, installed at an angle of attack, which simultaneously comb out weeds, level the field surface, covering it with mulch from stubble and weeds, destroy large soil aggregates and create compacted bed for seeds. The problem is that the paws of the last row of a tillage implement or a sowing machine leave deep furrows that are not covered by the ring rollers, since their travel depth is limited to 3-5 cm, so a leveler must be installed in front of the ring roller, which should close the furrows. However, soil, depending on its tillage conditions (high moisture, weeds, accumulation of straw, high stubble, stones, etc.), can accumulate in front of the harrow and form blockages, with the unsecured harrow being lifted and dragged through the accumulated soil, leaving mound (Fig. 1). In order for the equalizer not to be dragged through the blockage, but to cut it off, it is necessary to limit the course of the equalizer driver, at the same time, it is possible to release the equalizer from the blockage.

The objective of the utility model is to improve the quality of tillage before sowing and after sowing crops.

This is achieved by the fact that, according to the utility model, a stroke limiter of the leveler leads is installed on spring-loaded rods, and the leveler is installed on the axis of rotation and is equipped with a flat spring, which allows it to copy the field surface and get rid of the blockage. The leveler is set at an angle of attack and, depending on the resistance of the soil, can change the angle of inclination to the field surface.

The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. 1- shows the work of a tillage tool with a hinged ring roller;

in fig. 2 - a diagram of the device for hitching rollers is presented;

in fig. 3 - shows a device for adjusting the equalizer;

in fig. 4 - shows a general view of the leveler hitch rollers.

In the drawings, the following position designations are adopted: 1 - frame of a working machine or tool; 2 - bracket for attaching the device to the frame of the machine or implement; 3 - lever for connecting the spring with the leash; 4 - extension spring; 5 - traction bar; 6 - hinge body; 7 - tension device; 8 - chain; 9 - hole; 10 - spring-loaded traction roller; 11 - equalizer lead; 12 - equalizer; 13 - fork; 14 - roller bearing; 15 - ring roller; 16 and 17 - finger; 18 - bolt with nut; 19 - pin; 20 - emphasis; 21 - limiter; 22 - limiter bracket; 23 - flat spring equalizer; A is the angle of attack of the equalizer; B - the angle of inclination of the equalizer to the soil.

Ring roller attachment device, including frame 1, left and right batteries of ring rollers 15, located at angles of attack and connected by two spring-loaded rods 10 to the corresponding drawbar 5, which is attached to short and long brackets 2 and attached to the frame of the working machine or tool 1 On the drawbar 5, housings 6 are installed, in which spring-loaded rods 10 are placed on the fingers 16, levers 3 are installed at the end of the rods at an angle of 90 °, spring 4 is attached to them. forks 13 are installed that hold the bearings 14 of the ringed roller 15. On the side plates of the housings 6 there are holes 9 for installing pins 19. In the lower part of the housing 6 with the help of fingers 17, the leashes 11 of the equalizer 12 are attached. The equalizer 12 is attached to the leash 11 with the help of bolts 18 and chains 8. To limit the stroke of the equalizer 12 in height, on spring-loaded rods 10, a limit spruce 21, and on the leash 11 stop 20, which abuts the limiter 21 (Fig.2 and Fig. 3).

The device works as follows.

When preparing the device for operation, the tensioning device 7 tensions the springs 4 until the necessary pressure of the annular roller on the soil is provided. Aligner 12 on a leash 11 is installed by the working edge on the level of the field surface. The lower position of the equalizer 12 is fixed by changing the size of the chain 8, the upper position - by the limiter 21 on spring-loaded rods 10. When performing field work, the paws of the agricultural machine move in the soil at the depth of processing, the equalizer 12 on the leashes 11 moves behind the paws along the field surface and shifts the soil from the ridges to the furrows left by the paws of an agricultural machine, leveling the surface in front of the ring rollers. To ensure stable operation of the equalizer 12, the limiter 21 must touch the stop 20 on the leash 11, holding the equalizer 12 at a level that allows cutting the ridge and filling the furrows. With a large accumulation of soil (formation of congestion), the equalizer 12, overcoming the resistance of the flat spring 23, which holds it in the working position, turns on the axis 18 and releases part of the soil, reducing the resistance. If this does not remove the blockage, then under the action of the pressure force of the leash 11 on the limiter 21, mounted on a spring-loaded rod 10, the spring 4 is stretched, while the annular roller 15 and the equalizer 12 rise above the obstacle and the blockage is removed (Fig. 4).

Claims (1)

Annular roller linkage device, including a frame, left and right batteries of annular rollers, located at angles of attack and connected by two spring-loaded rods to the corresponding drawbar attached to the short and long brackets, for attaching the beam to the frame of the machine, characterized in that on spring-loaded rods the ring roller is equipped with a stroke limiter of the equalizer leash, and on the leash there is a stop against which the limiter rests, while the equalizer is mounted on the leash on the axis of rotation and is equipped with a flat spring holding it in the working position with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination to the soil surface.

Images