RU2139222C1 - Device for underwater cleaning of surfaces - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: underwater hydrodynamic technique; construction of device for underwater cleaning of surfaces of underwater structures, pipe lines, concrete structures broken locally and hydrodynamic cleaning of ships hulls against fouling. SUBSTANCE: device includes housing, supply pipe line, inlet diffuser changing into cylindrical passage and outlet diffuser. Device is provided with suction chamber and shut-off movable ring on outer surface of housing. Converging tube with cylindrical passage is made in form of nozzle with outer conical or conoid surface embraced by suction chamber formed by cylindrical walls of housing. Walls are provided with passages which are used to connect suction chamber with surrounding medium. Longitudinal axes of passages are located tangentially relative to outer surface of nozzle. Passages in wall of housing are made for adjustable closure by shut-off movable ring. Outlet diffuser is provided with cylindrical or conical section forming mixing chamber and changing into ellipsoid in radius. This section is secured for axial motion in housing and end part of nozzle is located coaxially relative to diffuser mixing chamber; diffuser may be changeable with different cross sections of mixing chamber and ellipsoid. EFFECT: increased productivity; improved quality of cleaning. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to underwater hydrodynamic technology, in particular to equipment for hydrodynamic cleaning of ship hulls from fouling, and can also be used to clean underwater structures and pipelines, for local destruction of concrete structures.

 A device for hydrodynamic surface cleaning is known from the patent literature. The device is used to clean the surfaces of ship hulls either in the air or in the zone of variable wetting (in the zone of the water line). For this, the device contains in its design a chamber for flooding gas-vapor bubbles. In addition, it is directed perpendicular to the surface being cleaned and adheres to it, and therefore it can clean a very small circular area and it is difficult to move the device along the uncleaned surface (RF Patent N 2072937 B 63 V 59/08, dated 02/10/97).

 The closest analogue is an underwater nozzle-cavitator for hydrodynamic cleaning of surfaces, containing a supply pipe, a flow channel formed by coaxially located inlet confuser, a cylindrical channel with a cylindrical expanded cavity and an outlet conical diffuser. The specified design is able to work at an acute angle to the surface being cleaned, however, the cleaning performance and quality are insufficient (see RF patent N 2076824, class B 63 V 59/08, publ. 10.04.07). The invention is illustrated by drawings, where: FIG. 1 shows a longitudinal axial section of an underwater device: FIG. 2 is the same, section A-A in FIG. 1.

 The invention and the achieved result.

 A device for underwater cleaning of surfaces includes a housing, a supply pipe, an inlet confuser, an output diffuser passing into a cylindrical channel. The device is characterized in that it is equipped with a suction chamber and a locking movable ring mounted on the outer surface of the housing, and the inlet confuser with a cylindrical channel is made in the form of a nozzle with an external conical or conoidal surface, covered by a suction chamber formed by the cylindrical walls of the housing. The walls of the housing are made channels connecting the suction chamber with the environment. The longitudinal axis of the channels are tangent to the outer surface of the nozzle. The channels in the wall of the housing from the outside are made with the possibility of adjustable overlapping locking movable ring. The output confuser is made with a cylindrical or conical section forming a mixing chamber and turning radially into an ellipsoid, and is fortified with the possibility of axial movement in the housing. The end part of the nozzle is located coaxially in the mixing chamber of the output confuser.

 The housing is equipped with additional channels connecting the suction chamber to the supply pipe, while in the housing there are a package of throttle washers and an o-ring.

 The output confuser is interchangeable with various cross sections of the mixing chamber and ellipsoid.

 The technical result achieved by the invention is to increase the productivity of the device and the quality of cleaning the treated surface due to the additional formation of gas bubbles and focusing of sound vibrations on the cleaned surface, accompanied by the effect of cavitation that occurs in the liquid stream. The device consists of a housing 1 with a nozzle 2 installed in it. A supply pipe 3 is docked to the housing 1, and an output diffuser 4 is screwed into the housing 1. The internal cavity of the diffuser 4 consists of a mixing chamber 5 and an ellipsoid 6. A chamber is formed in the housing 1 suction 7, which is in communication with the environment through the holes 8. The axis of the holes 8 are tangent to the outer surface of the nozzle tip 2. On the outer surface of the housing 1 in the region of the holes 8 there is a locking threaded ring 9. Between the inlet The duct 3 and the suction chamber 7 in the housing 1 have a throttle washer package 10 and an O-ring 11. Between the throttle washer 10 and the suction chamber 7 channels 12 are made. The inner surface of the nozzle 2 consists of an inlet conical confuser 13 smoothly turning into a cylindrical surface 14.

 The device operates as follows. Abortion water under pressure from the supply pipe enters the inner surface of the nozzle 2 at the outlet of which acquires a speed of up to 200 m / s. At this rate of water discharge, the pressure at the nozzle exit 2 drops to a value corresponding to the release of gas bubbles. Further, the flow of gas bubbles entering the mixing chamber 5 creates a vacuum in the suction chamber 7 (ejection effect). The created vacuum in the chamber 7 sucks outboard water through the openings 8. The narrowed sections of the openings 8 and the annular passage into the mixing chamber 5, as well as the created vortex zones due to the inclination of the axes of the openings 8, create maximum cavitation effects in the mixing chamber 5. The flow escaping from the nozzle 2 , entrains additionally created gas bubbles from the suction chamber 7. Next, the mixture of gas bubbles enters an expansion diffuser having the shape of an ellipsoid 6 from an ellipsoid 6 "torch" of gas bubbles, up to 400 mm long applied to the surface to be cleaned at the required angle, depending on the type of work performed. The expansion diffuser in the form of an ellipsoid 6 in the best way allows you to focus the "torch" of gas bubbles, and also directs the sound vibrations that occur during cavitation to the surface being cleaned, increasing the cleaning effect on both sides. Field tests (in 1997) in Temryuk when cleaning the receiving gratings of a floating dock confirmed the high efficiency of the proposed technical solution. So, for example, a metal plate with dimensions of 300 x 60 x 5 mm, covered with severe corrosion and overgrown with bolus, was cleaned to white metal within a few seconds on both sides, despite the fact that the "torch" was aimed only at one plane . This effect occurs due to the effect of sound vibrations accompanying cavitation on the surface being cleaned.

 Tests also showed that under certain conditions, the separated and fragmented bolus, being in suspension, can get through the openings 8 into the suction chamber 7 and disrupt the operation of the device. In this case, the openings 8 are closed by the locking ring 9, and the sealing ring 11 is removed. The device will work in the mode described above. The suction chamber 7 will be filled with water through a package of throttle washers 10 through channels 12. The power consumption in this mode increases.

Claims (3)

 1. Device for underwater cleaning of surfaces, comprising a housing, a supply pipe, an inlet confuser, an output diffuser passing into a cylindrical channel, characterized in that it is equipped with a suction chamber and a locking movable ring mounted on the outer surface of the housing, and the inlet confuser with a cylindrical channel in the form of a nozzle with an external conical or conoidal surface, covered by a suction chamber formed by the cylindrical walls of the housing, in which the channels connecting the a measure of absorption with the environment, and the longitudinal axis of the channels are tangent to the outer surface of the nozzle, while the channels in the wall of the housing from the outside are made with the possibility of adjustable overlapping locking movable ring, and the output diffuser, in turn, is made with a cylindrical or conical the area forming the mixing chamber, turning radially into an ellipsoid, and is mounted with axial movement in the housing, and the end part of the nozzle is located coaxially in the mixing chamber of the output diffus ora.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that the housing is equipped with an additional channel connecting the suction chamber to the supply pipe, in which are located packages of throttle washers and an o-ring.  3. The device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the output diffuser is interchangeable with different cross sections of the mixing chamber and ellipsoid.

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