RU2139129C1 - Gas cleaning reactor - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning emissions containing toxic components. SUBSTANCE: gas cleaning reactor includes heat-insulated housing with contaminated and cleaned gas chambers between which cassettes with inlet and outlet cavities alternating in height are located. Cassettes are made in form of row of perforated shelves with catalyst and/or active filler located on them; second row of shelves mounted additionally crosses first row at acute angle, thus forming closed volumes. Shelves are parallel in each row. After crossing of shelves in way of motion of gas, thickness of layer of catalyst and/or active filler is determined according to the following formula B_i= B_i-Ix(I+P), where B_i is the quantity sought for, mm; B_i-I is thickness of previous layer, mm; P = (C_i-C_i+I)/C_i is degree of cleaning of gas by means of layer of thickness being determined and C_i i C_i+I are concentrations of toxic agents contained in gas before and after layer being determined, mg/cu.m. Proposed gas cleaning reactor makes it possible to clean gas to 99.9% with no change in overall dimensions. EFFECT: simplified construction; facilitated procedure; enhanced operational reliability during entire service life. 3 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a device for cleaning emissions containing harmful substances, such as resinous substances, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, benzopyrenes, phenols, etc., in particular to gas cleaning reactors and can be used in various industries related to the need to neutralize emissions, containing harmful substances.

 Known fiber filter in the form of shelves with fibrous material, connected to each other in a zigzag fashion (SB Stark Dust collection and purification of gases in metallurgy. M: Metallurgy, 1977, p. 49).

 A disadvantage of the known filter is its low efficiency due to the fact that the gases pass through the filter layer with a low specific surface area once.

 Also known is a device selected as a prototype, in the form of a reactor for gas neutralization - a thermocatalytic reactor containing a thermally insulated casing with contaminated and purified gas chambers, between which cassettes are placed with inlet and outlet cavities alternating in height of the cassette, each of the cassettes being a stainless steel frame coated with a stainless mesh on which a filter layer of mullite-siliceous fibrous material is laid out (J. Non-ferrous metallurgy, N 9, 1990, S. 29-30).

 The disadvantage of the prototype is the low utilization of the useful volume of the reactor, which leads either to insufficient purification of gases, or to the need to increase the overall dimensions of the reactor to increase the contact surface.

 The task facing the invention is to increase the degree of gas purification by increasing the area of contact of the gases with the catalyst and / or active filler and, as a result, increasing the productivity of the reactor with its previous dimensions.

 A gas cleaning reactor is proposed for cleaning emissions containing harmful substances, including a thermally insulated casing with contaminated and purified gas chambers, between which cassettes are placed with inlet and outlet cavities alternating in height of the cassette, which is new in that the cassettes are made in the form of rows of perforated shelves with a catalyst and / or active filler located on them, and in addition to them, a second row of shelves is installed, crossing the first at an acute angle and thereby forming closed volumes.

 Also new is the fact that the shelves in each row are installed in parallel.

In addition, it is also new that after crossing the shelves in the direction of gas movement, the thickness of the catalyst layer and / or filler (active) is determined and set according to the formula:
B _i = B _i-1 • (1 + P),
where B _i is the determined layer thickness, mm;
B _i-1 - the thickness of the previous layer, mm;
P = (C _i - C _{i + 1} ) / C _i is the degree of gas purification using a layer of determined thickness;
C _i and C _{i + 1} - concentration of harmful substances in the gas before and after the determined layer, mg / m ³ .

Tests of the proposed device showed that the degree of purification of gases passing through it increases sharply with the same dimensions of the device as in the prototype, which is explained by an increase in the useful contact area due to the installation of one or more parallel rows of perforated shelves with a catalyst and / or active filler. When crossing at an angle of 30 ^o contact area increases by 2.1 times even with one additional row of shelves, and at an angle of 60 ^o it increases by 2.3 times. The neutralization of gases occurs in 2 or more stages when gases enter the confined spaces made of perforated shelves. Gases passing through the first catalyst and / or filler layer are partially purified, then forced to re-pass through the catalyst layer, but of a larger thickness, etc. until you exit the cassette into the clean air chamber.

 When conducting a search on patent and scientific and technical information, no solutions were found containing the totality of the proposed features, which allows us to conclude that the criteria of "novelty" and "significant differences" are met.

 In FIG. 1 is a diagram of a gas purification reactor for cleaning emissions containing harmful substances.

 In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of one of the options for the location of shelves in cassettes.

It is proposed, according to the invention, a gas purification reactor for cleaning emissions containing harmful substances, including a thermally insulated housing 1 with chambers of contaminated 2 and purified gas 3, between which there are cassettes 4 with input 5 and output 6 cavities, alternating along the height of the cartridge 4. Cassettes 4 are made in the form of rows of perforated shelves 7 with the catalyst 8 and / or active filler 8 located on them in the form of shaped particles, coarse or fibrous material. In addition to the shelves 7, a second row of shelves 9 is installed, crossing the first along the line of intersection 10 at an acute angle α and thereby forming closed volumes 11. The shelves 7 and the shelves 9 are located in the corresponding rows in parallel to themselves. The thickness of the catalyst layer 8 and / or active filler 8 after intersection 10 is determined and set according to the formula: B _i = B _i-1 • (1 + P) (values of the elements of the formula, see above). In the chamber 2 of the contaminated gas, fuel-burning devices 12 or electric heaters 12 can be installed to burn harmful impurities and create the temperature necessary for afterburning using the catalyst 8 and / or active filler 8. The inlet 13 and outlet 14 nozzles are located in the vertical or horizontal walls of the housing 1 .

 The device operates as follows.

 The heating of the reactor and catalyst 8 and / or the active filler 8 is due to the heat of the cleaned emissions. If this heat is not enough, the combustion of fuel in fuel-burning devices 12 or heating due to electric heaters 12 to the temperature of the onset of the reaction between the catalyst 8 and the gas to be cleaned can serve as an additional source. The polluted gases through the pipe 13 are fed into the chamber 2 of contaminated gas, where partial combustion of harmful substances occurs using devices 12, after which the gas enters the inlet 5 of the cavity of the cassette 4, reaches the point of intersection 10 with the second row of shelves 9 passes into closed volumes 11, seeps through the shelves 7 and 9 with the catalyst 8 located on them and through the outlet cavities 6 enter, having cleared into the chamber 3 of the purified gas. Passing the way from the dirty chamber 2 to the chamber of purified gas 3 along a complex path formed by the intersection of the shelves 7 and 9 with the catalyst 8, the gas is cleaned and leaves in the pipe 14.

 The proposed gas purification reactor allows to bring the purification of gases to 99.9%, without changing the overall dimensions. Its manufacture is simple, technologically advanced, the device works reliably throughout the entire service life.

Claims (3)

 1. Gas cleaning reactor for cleaning emissions containing harmful substances, including a thermally insulated casing with contaminated and purified gas chambers, between which cassettes are placed with inlet and outlet cavities alternating in height of the cassette, characterized in that the cassettes are made in the form of rows of perforated shelves with they have a catalyst and / or an active filler, and in addition to them, a second row of shelves is installed, crossing the first at an acute angle and thereby forming closed volumes.  2. Gas treatment reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that the shelves in each row are installed in parallel. 3. The gas cleaning reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that after crossing the shelves along the gas, the thickness of the catalyst layer and / or active filler is determined and set according to the formula
B _i = B _{i - 1} • (1 + P),
where B _i is the determined layer thickness, mm;
B _{i - 1} - the thickness of the previous layer, mm;
P = (C _i - C _{i + 1} ) / C _i is the degree of gas purification using a layer of determined thickness;
C _i and C _{i + 1} - concentration of harmful substances in the gas before and after the determined layer, mg / m ³ .

Images