RU2138779C1 - Method of correction of i angle in three geodetic levels simultaneously - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: geodesy. SUBSTANCE: scale is anchored on lens of each geodetic level for correction of I angle of geodetic levels. Readings are taken from scales and images of ends of bulb of cylindrical level are matched with the use of vertical adjustment screws. Three geodetic levels located in the form of equilateral triangle are tested at same time. Value of difference of horizons for three pairs of geodetic levels is computed by readings from scales of opposite geodetic levels. Each geodetic level is aimed at scale of another geodetic level till images of ends of bulb of cylindrical level match with the use of adjustment screws and elevation screw sets reading equal to value of difference of horizons of this pair of geodetic levels. EFFECT: increased precision and economic efficiency. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to geodetic instrumentation and can be used to determine and correct the angle i for levels of all types.

 Several methods are known for determining and correcting the angle i.

 In the first method for determining the angle i, two levels are installed on a pole, tripods or a sufficiently stable table and are pointed at each other. The guidance of both pipes is carried out by rotation around the vertical axes, followed by reduction of the levels to a null organ. After the elevator screws set the levels to the contact in the field of view of one of the levels, one can observe the mismatch of the horizontal threads of the observed and intrinsic network of threads. This is a sign of the lack of parallelism of the sighting axes of the levels.

 To measure the value of the angle i with the elevation screw, the telescope of any level is turned up or down until the horizontal threads of the grids are aligned. In this case, the “contact” in the image of the ends of the level bubble is violated: they are displaced relative to each other. Half the distance between the ends of the bubble in the divisions of the level scale is the value of the angle i. Knowing the price of dividing a level, this value can be expressed in seconds.

 If we repeat the operations described above with the third level, using the first and then the second level together with it, we will get similar results.

 The disadvantage of this method is that it only determines the value of the angle i, but does not correct it.

 The closest technical solution, selected as a prototype, is a method of correcting the angle i simultaneously in two levels. To do this, a scale is attached to the lens of each level, the elevation screw of one level sets the count on the scale of the other equal to its own, the levels are interchanged, the samples are taken on the scales, the average of the readings on their scale is calculated, the average count on each scale and the vertical are set on the elevation screw of each level correction screws combine images of the ends of the cylindrical level.

 The disadvantage of this method is the possible change in the magnitude of the difference in the horizons of two levels after rearranging them and putting them into working position, which reduces the accuracy of determining and correcting the angle i.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the accuracy of determination and correction of the angle i due to the constancy of the difference in the level horizons of the levels and increase economic efficiency due to the simultaneous verification of three levels instead of two.

 The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of correcting the angle i of the levels, which consists in the fact that a scale is attached to the lens of each level, samples are taken on the scales and vertical correction screws combine images of the ends of the bubble of the cylindrical level, three levels are checked at the same time, located in the form an equilateral triangle, while the readings on the scales of other levels are taken after combining the ends of the bubble of the cylindrical level with the elevation screw, then each level on the scales of d others determine the magnitude of the difference in their horizons, bring the level to the scale of the other and set the counting screw equal to the magnitude of the difference in the horizons of this pair of levels.

 The proposed method is implemented as follows. Nozzles with scales with digitization up and down are put on leveling lenses. The reference center is the lens center / sighting axis of the telescope /. The divisions of the scales are plotted on one side, in two columns with an offset relative to each other - as in the Invari rail.

Levels are mounted on tripods in the form of an equilateral triangle with sides of 50 m / Fig. 1 /, so that the greatest difference in the level of the levels was approximately 150 mm / the length of the scales used / and bring the levels to the working position / Fig. 2 /. Point the telescope of one level on the scales of others / for example, the first level on the scales of the second and third /, use the elevation screw to combine the images of the ends of the cylindrical level and take samples on the scales / for example, a ₁ on the scale of the second and b ₁ on the scale of the third /. Calculate the magnitude of the difference in the horizons, a pair of levels / for example, h ₁ = a ₁ + b ₁ /. Similar actions are performed with each level and get the difference of horizons for three pairs of levels: h ₂ = b ₂ - a ₂ ; h ₃ = b ₃ - a ₃ . Since the distances from the first level to the second and third are equal to / from the second to the first and third, from the third to the second and first /, we get the true value of the difference in the horizons of the devices. Therefore, in FIG. 2, angle i is shown only at the first level.

Then point the leveling pipe on the scale of one of the opposite / for example, the third level on the scale of the second /. The elevation screw sets the count h ₁ equal to the difference in horizons for a given pair of levels. Vertical correction screws combine images of the ends of the cylindrical level. To control the pipe of this / third / level point on the scale of the first, on the count h ₂ . Similarly, the correction of the angle i is performed at each level.

где Δ - разность между отсчетом по шкале и разностью горизонтов для данной пары нивелиров;
L - расстояние между нивелирами данной пары, мм;
p'' = 206265''.The value of the angle i is calculated by the formula

where Δ is the difference between the reading on the scale and the difference in horizons for a given pair of levels;
L is the distance between the levels of this pair, mm;
p`` = 206265 ''.

В случае поверки одновременно четырех нивелиров их располагают в виде ромба со сторонами 50 м /фиг. 2/. Тогда второй и четвертый повторяют по двум нивелирам /первому и третьему/, а приборы первый и третий по трем /второму, третьему, четвертому, и первому, второму, четвертому соответственно/.For the first level

In the case of verification of four levels simultaneously, they are placed in the form of a rhombus with sides of 50 m / Fig. 2 /. Then the second and fourth are repeated in two levels / the first and third /, and the devices are the first and third in three / the second, third, fourth, and the first, second, fourth, respectively.

Claims (1)

 The way to correct the angle i for the levels, namely, that a scale is attached to the lens of each level, samples are taken on the scales and vertical measuring screws combine images of the ends of the bubble of the cylindrical level, characterized in that three levels are checked at the same time, located in the form of an equilateral triangle, this, on the basis of counts on the scales of opposite levels, the difference in the horizons for three pairs of levels is calculated, before the images of the ends of the bubble of the cylindrical level of the corrector are combined With the help of screws, each level is brought to the scale of the other and the counting screw equal to the difference in the horizons of this pair of levels is set with the elevation screw.

Images