RU2136962C1 - Hydraulic pulse-type diaphragm pump - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: equipment for pumping of contaminated liquid, such as mud, concrete, mortar. SUBSTANCE: pump has double-sectioned hydraulic pulsator jig, two pipes connected to hydraulic pulsator jig, flexible tubular diaphragms disposed in pipes, suction and delivery valves. Hydraulic pulsator jig has inner and outer eccentrics mounted one above the other and equipped with mechanism providing movement of one eccentric relative to other eccentric. Suction and delivery valves are made light-weight and composed of resilient enclosures with cores within them. Pump is made small-sized and high-speed, with suction valves being opened by high-pressure liquid and soft landing being provided due to increased shock-absorption. Pump capacity is controlled in stepped or automatic mode of control. EFFECT: increased efficiency and enhanced reliability in operation. 4 cl, 4 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to hydraulic engineering, and in particular to pumps for moving contaminated fluids, such as drilling fluids, concrete, etc.

 Well-known piston pumps with self-acting suction valves that are currently used in practice are slow-moving, extremely bulky, and require frequent replacement of parts with friction surfaces. Their performance is determined by the size of the replaceable cylinder liners.

 The known mechanism for changing the pump performance without changing the sleeves by changing the eccentricity of the eccentric drive device (AS 85163, F 03 B 3/00).

 As a prototype, a membrane pump was adopted, in which the transfer pump membranes are driven by a hydraulic oil-based hydraulic pulsator made in the form of a two-section eccentric washer hydraulic mechanism with hydraulic valves, the working cavities of which are connected to opposite hydraulic pulsator cavities (US Pat. RF 2035619, F 04 B 43/06, 1991).

 Its performance is not regulated, but limited by the conditions of the shock landing of valves on their rigid seats. There is no protection against abrasive wear on valve piston pistons.

 The technical problem solved by the inventions: the regulation of pump performance, reducing weight and dimensions with increased speed and high reliability.

 This problem is solved by the fact that the eccentric washer hydraulic pulsator has an internal and external eccentric mounted on top of each other with a mechanism for their mutual movement.

 The mechanism of mutual movement of the eccentrics has a coupling link of the eccentrics, a roller with a screw-shaped shank, a pipe with screw-shaped grooves, rollers, traction and a handle with a lock.

 There is a variant of the mechanism with automatic regulation of pump performance.

 The valves of the pumps are made of elastic shells with elastic cores and pistons for their movement, protected from abrasion by elastic elements, and have saddles with dampers.

Explanatory drawings:
FIG. 1. Hydropulsation pump in a section along AA.

 FIG. 2. Cross section along BB of FIG. 1.

 FIG. 3. The scheme of the pumping unit.

 FIG. 4. Scheme of automatic regulation. The pump consists of two main blocks: a transfer two-section diaphragm pump and a hydraulic pulsator.

 In the tubular casing 1 with the inlet 2 there is a tubular elastic membrane 3 fixed at the ends of the pipe 1 with rings 5 and rods 4. A casing 6 of the suction valve with a damper 7 and a seat 8 mounted with axial movement of the damping is attached to the casing 1.

 The valve is made of elastic toroidal shells 9 and elastic cores 10, mounted on a rod 11 with a piston 12.

 In the center of the housing 6 there is an opening 13, a spring 14 and an elastic element in the form of a bellows 15 are installed.

 At the other end of the housing 1, a discharge valve is installed. In the valve body 16, a seat 17 and a damper 18 are installed. The valve is mounted on a shaft 20 with a spring 21 and a bellows 22.

 The pumping sections of the pump by inlets 2 are connected with a hydro pulsator. An eccentric washer hydromechanism is installed in the housing 23 of the hydro-pulsator with the cover 24.

 On the shaft 25 with an eccentric 26, an external mobile eccentric 27 is mounted, connected by a pin 28 with a leash 30, a roller 29 with a screw shank 34.

 At the end of the shaft 25, a pipe 31 is installed with screw-shaped grooves 32, in which rollers 33 are mounted with the possibility of contact with the screw surfaces of the shank 34, movable by rods 35. A screw 36 with a handle 38 and a stopper 37 is installed at the end of the pipe 31. A casing 39 is mounted on the cover 24. .

 Eccentrics and two contactors divide the internal cavity of the housing 23 into two cavities in communication with sections of the transfer pump.

 At the eccentrics, a washer 40 is placed, made up of rings with ears 41, axes 42 connecting the washer with contactors 43.

 Profile ends 44 of the contactors are in contact with the cylindrical sections of the rings of the washer 40.

 The switches 43 have arcs 45, rotatable on bearings 47 of bearings 46, shanks 48, which are fixed in the wall of the housing 23 and in the cover 24.

 The hydraulic actuator drive (Fig. 3) consists of a coupling 49, a gearbox 51 and an electric motor 52.

 The transfer pump is equipped with a compensator 53 on the suction line, and a compensator 54 on the discharge line. The pump sections have pressure openings 56, suction 55, in communication with the tank 57.

 In the version of the pump automatically controlled capacity (Fig. 4) there is a spring-loaded piston device and a centrifugal regulator.

 In the cylinder 58 with the hole 59, a piston 61 is installed with a spring 62 and a bearing 60 connecting the piston with a screw 63 and rollers 64.

 A gear transmission 65 and a centrifugal regulator 66 are installed at the end of the shaft 25. The regulator comprises a spool 67 installed in a cylinder 68 with a spring 69. There is a throttle 70 in the regulator hydraulic line.

 The pump operates as follows.

 The shaft of the hydraulic pulsator with eccentrics 26 and 27 is rotated by the electric motor 52 through the gearbox 51 and the coupling 49. The rings of the washer 40 connected to the contactors 43 alternately displace the fluid from the cavities of the housing 23 of the hydraulic pulsator in the cavity of the casings 1 of the sections of the transfer pump of the contaminated liquid. This fluid deforms the tubular elastic membrane 3 by pressure, displacing contaminated fluid from its cavity through valve 19.

 The absorption of contaminated liquid from the tank 57 through the valve 9 occurs when the shape of the elastic tubular membrane 3 is restored when the volume of the cavity of the housing 23 decreases from the waste of the washer 40. Compensators 53 and 54 reduce the pulsation of the flow of the pumped liquid.

 Forced opening of the suction valves 9 with a high-pressure liquid coming from the corresponding compartment of the hydraulic pulsator under the pistons 12 will provide the necessary flow cross-section of the valves of the high-speed pump.

 The reliability of light valves is determined by the elasticity of the valves and the damping of their seating on the seats.

 Depending on the operating conditions, the pump performance is set either stepwise or automatically.

 In the first case, the position of the external eccentric on the internal changes in the direction of addition of their eccentricities, then subtraction. This is accomplished by axial movement of the rollers 33 along the opposing helical surfaces of the grooves 33 of the pipe 31 and the helical surfaces of the shank 34. To do this, the screw 36 rotates by the handle 38, which moves the rod 35 and the rollers 33 through it. Their position is fixed by the latch 37.

 The amount of portions of the reciprocating movement of the liquid displaced by the hydro-pulsator and, accordingly, the volume of the pumped contaminated liquid depend on the total eccentricity of the eccentrics. With automatic control of pump performance, the required pump mode is set automatically. In the case of deceleration of the speed of the engine 52 from overload and, accordingly, of the regulator 66, the spool 67 moves to reduce the supply of control fluid acting on the spring-loaded piston 61. If the flow of fluid through the spool 67 decreases or stops through the throttle 70, the piston 61 will be moved to the direction of rotation of the roller 29 to reduce the total eccentricity of the eccentrics.

 In the case of increasing the engine speed through the opening valve 67, an increased amount of control fluid will be received and the piston 61 will move in the direction of increasing the total eccentricity of the eccentrics of the hydraulic pulsator.

 Since the tubular elastic membrane operates in the absence of a significant pressure drop, and light valves - in the conditions of a soft fit on their seats, the service life of the pumping fluid will be many times longer compared to bulky piston pumps.

Claims (5)

 1. A hydro-pulsation diaphragm pump containing erratic sections, a hydraulic actuator made in the form of a two-section eccentric washer hydropulsator, the hydraulic actuator valves of which are connected to the corresponding cavities of the hydraulic pulser, characterized in that the hydraulic pulsator has internal and external eccentrics mounted on top of each other and having a mechanism for their mutual movement, and the valves of the transfer sections are made of elastic shells, cores connected to pistons protected by elastic elements, and have to Fight with dampers.  2. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for mutual movement of the eccentrics has a connection link between the external eccentric and the internal one, a roller with a screw-like shank, a pipe with screw-shaped grooves, rollers, traction and a handle with a lock.  3. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the mechanism for mutual movement of the eccentrics contains an automatic controller with a spool and an actuating spring-loaded piston of the hydraulic cylinder.  4. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the valves are made of elastic toroidal shells and elastic cores.  5. The pump according to claim 1, characterized in that the valve displacement pistons are provided with bellows.

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