RU2135747C1 - Process of extraction of water from boreholes with use of vacuum - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: water supply systems, providing of isolated country houses with technical and drinkable water. SUBSTANCE: in accordance with invention vacuum is formed by pump which suction element is located in bottom part of well and water- tight communicates by volumetric flow part with surface bordering on soil whose pores are filled with water. Water is pumped away from volumetric flow part. If water is extracted from wells with low flow rate and water demand is low pumping is limited by change of average productivity of pump to value of well flow rate. At stage of gas ingress with water through suction element pumping is interrupted but action by vacuum on soil is maintained. Backward motion of pumped water during interruption is prevented. Pumping is renewed after coming of portion of water to suction element minimally needed for start of process. Then repeat short-time mode of pump operation is continued. Time span of operation of pump is accordingly adjusted. EFFECT: provision for extraction of water from low flow rate wells when demand for water is low.

Description

 The invention relates to water supply and can be used to provide household and drinking water to individual rural houses.

 A known method of extracting water from wells using vacuum is that a vacuum is created by a pump, the suction organ of which is located in the lower part of the well and is tightly connected by the volumetric flowing part to the surface adjacent to the soil, the pores of which are filled with water, by pumping water from the volumetric flow part (1).

 This method cannot be effectively applied to a large contingent of owners of individual rural houses, whose need for water, taking into account irrigation, a bath, etc. does not exceed 1000 liters per day or 12 milliliters per second. Wells up to 15 meters deep, even in clay soils, can produce this flow rate in a variety of rural house locations when vacuum is used.

 The known method can be effectively implemented only at flow rates tens of times larger than the above, since the minimum performance of submersible pumps, mainly centrifugal, is at least 300 milliliters per second. In this case, the pump within 200-300 seconds pumps out all the water from the volumetric flow part and exposes the maximum area of the vacuum effect on the soil from the water. Then, under the influence of a vacuum, water bound by capillary forces to the soil sublimates and the gas dissolved in it is released from it. These sublimates and gas, standing out, tear out drip water from the soil, which enters through the flow part to the suction body of the pump, but in a mixture with a predominance of sublimates and gas in volume. However, pumps that are suitable for submersible operation are generally inoperative when the gas fraction prevails in water, and those pumps that are operational are ineffective, i.e. they work with prohibitively large expenditures of energy and resource of mining equipment per unit of produced water.

 The technical result of the invention is the provision of the possibility of efficient production of water from wells with very low flow rates with correspondingly small needs, for example, for water supply of individual rural houses.

 The necessary technical result is achieved by the fact that in the method of extracting water from wells using a vacuum, consisting in the fact that the vacuum is created by a pump, the suction organ of which is located in the lower part of the well and is tightly connected by the volumetric flow part to the surface adjacent to the soil, the pores of which are filled water, by pumping water from a volumetric flow part, according to the invention, when extracting water from wells with low flow rate and low water requirements, pumping is limited by changing the average productivity n sucking up to the flow rate of the well, for which, at the stage of gas supply with water through the suction body, pumping is interrupted, the effect of vacuum on the soil is maintained, and the return of pumped water during the break is prevented, while pumping is resumed after approaching the suction body with the minimum portion needed to start water, then repeated short-term operation of the pump continues, in terms of the duration of its operation.

 The essence of the method of extracting water from a well using vacuum is that a vacuum is created by a pump, the suction organ of which is located in the lower part of the well and sealed by the volumetric flowing part (including the lower part of the casing separated from the upper part by an airtight packer, a strainer and gravel sprinkling the outer part of this filter and the lower part of the casing adjacent to it) with a surface bordering the soil, the pores of which are filled with water, by pumping water from the volume of the flowing part. As soon as gas enters through the suction part of the pump together with water, pumping is interrupted. In this case, the gas supply through the suction part of the pump is determined by known methods or devices, for example, by triggering a bleed air valve or changing the parameters of the pump, etc. For the period of a break in pumping, the possibility of the return of the pumped medium is prevented. Thus, the effect of vacuum on the soil is maintained and intensive extraction of water from the soil continues and water accumulates at the bottom of the volume of the flowing part.

 After a time sufficient for the water-producing equipment to return to the pre-start state, and the minimum portion of water necessary for start-up to the suction part, the pumping is resumed and again interrupted when the gas enters the pump suction body again. Then continue to work in such a repeated, short-term steady state.

 In this mode, the surface of the soil under the influence of vacuum is maximum, and the depth of the vacuum is maximum, and the vacuum is maintained continuously. Therefore, water production will be maximized at optimal energy and resource costs of the extraction equipment per unit of produced water, since there is no consumption during the break. If maximum water production is not required, then the pumping interruption time can be increased. In this case, the water production will decrease, since the surface under the influence of vacuum will decrease, and its depth will be due to a larger proportion of the displacement of the volume by the accumulation of water in the bottom of the flowing part. The costs of energy and resource of the extraction equipment per unit of produced water in this case will be slightly less, since less energy is required to pump out a unit of produced water.

 This method of extracting water from wells using vacuum is implemented for year-round supply of drinking and household water to a rural house with an ordered demand of 200 liters per day (for a sink in the kitchen and bathtub).

 The well was made next to the house in clay soil with a depth of 14 meters. In the casing pipe at the bottom of the well, a suction-injection jet pump is installed hermetically relative to the upper part of the pipe, the suction part of which is equipped with a check valve and communicated through a strainer and gravel sprinkling on the outside of the casing with a surface bordering the soil - dense wet clay. The casing pipe is led into the basement of the house and a serial centrifugal pump is installed there, the inlet and outlet of which are connected to the jet pump in the well. The outlet of the jet pump is connected to the inlet of the centrifugal pump through a gas and water separator, which has a gas warning device, as well as communication with a storage and supply tank in the attic of a house with a capacity of 200 liters.

Installation Data:
Maximum productivity - 500 liters per day
Pump run time in a cycle - 4 minutes
Stop time in a cycle - 30 minutes
Centrifugal Pump Power - 0.6 kW
Electricity consumption per 1000 liters of produced water - up to 3.4 kW / h
During commissioning, maintaining the ratio of the pump running time to stopping it is automated, and the pump stopping time in the cycle is increased.

 Thus, the problem of ensuring the possibility of efficient production of water from shallow wells with a very low flow rate and with correspondingly small needs, for example, for water supply of individual rural houses using widespread water-extraction equipment, has been solved.

Sourse of information:
SU 1488408 A1, 06/23/89.

Claims (1)

 A method of extracting water from wells using a vacuum, wherein the vacuum is created by a pump, the suction organ of which is located at the bottom of the well and is tightly connected by the volumetric flow part to a surface adjacent to the soil, the pores of which are filled with water, by pumping water from the volume flow parts, characterized in that when extracting water from wells with low flow rates and low water needs, pumping is limited by changing the average pump productivity to the flow rate of the well, for which at the post stage If water is pumped through the suction body, the pumping is interrupted, the vacuum is maintained on the soil, and the return of the pumped-out water during the break is prevented, while the pumping is resumed after approaching the suction body with the minimum amount of water needed to start up, then the pump will continue to operate for a short time, in terms of the duration of his work.