RU2132246C1 - Method of manufacturing preforms and products (versions), method of manufacturing cast iron and steel, and method of manufacturing agglomerate - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: ferrous metallurgy. SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metallurgical production including blast-furnace, steel-smelting, and rolling conversions and, more specifically, to cast iron and steel production technology and processing of cast iron and steel into preforms and products, and also to agglomeration process technology. Invention consists in additionally using, in cast iron smelting, rare- earth metals, (0.001 to 0.7 wt.%; and strontium, 0.01 to 1.0 wt.%, which are added at least partially to charge materials simultaneously with addition of fluxed agglomerate and/or having been preliminarily added to the latter. Those supplementary materials are at least partially introduced into charge materials when solid fuel, including coke, is loaded into furnace: 10-30% of strontium and 75-90% of rare- earth metals based on their total amounts to be added to charge materials. Additives are at least partially in the form of metal- containing or oxide-containing compositions. Besides, in the production stage, agglomerate is supplemented with materials including rare-earth metals and strontium in amounts 0.002 to 0.7 and 0.005 to 1.0 wt.%, respectively, their addition to agglomerate charge being at least partially performed in the stage of mixing iron-ore concentrate, ore and additives. EFFECT: reduced sulfur level in cast iron and steel smelted from this cast iron. 39 cl

Description

 The invention relates to the field of metallurgical production, including blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling redistribution, as well as the production of sinter for blast furnace redistribution, and relates specifically to the technology for producing cast iron, steel and their subsequent processing into billets and products from them, as well as technology for the sintering process.

 A known method of producing cast iron, steel, billets and products from them using sintering, blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production at a metallurgical plant and subsequent processing of rolling billets, including the preparation and delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical , metric and weight analysis, as well as averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, loading them into the bins of the sinter factory, obtaining fluxed sinter, loading in the bunker at home of the workshop of fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives, unloading coke on coke racks and feeding it to the bunkers of the blast furnace, while analyzing the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading charge materials from the bunkers into blast furnaces using a set of charge materials, restoration and melting of charge materials by blowing into the furnaces of blast furnaces simple and / or combined blasting, the production of pig iron and slag, gas purification, waste disposal, transfer of slag for subsequent processing, as well as, if necessary bridges, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of blast furnaces for smelting of another grade of cast iron, then subsequent supply of cast iron for processing in steel and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces, supply of ore and / or metal additives and scrap, with preliminary physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis of charge materials of furnaces, supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, filling and heating of charge materials in the convoy tera or open-hearth furnaces or electric furnaces, melting of loaded materials by blowing in converters or open-hearth furnaces or by electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, pouring of melting products into ingots, waste disposal, and, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work , then the subsequent submission of the ingots received for processing to the rolling shops for the manufacture of steel billets, sheet and long products, pipes, fittings and special types of rolled products by heating or heating ingots and / or billets before rolling, hot and / or cold rolling, cutting, dressing, heat treatment, removal of surface defects, and / or etching, and / or coating, sorting, marking, packaging, transportation and shipping for further use of finished rails and / or building profiles, reinforcement, including corrugated, and / or beams, including I-beams and Tauri, and / or corners, and / or channels, and / or pipes, and / or for subsequent processing as blanks of sheets and / or strips, and / or strips, and / or tin, and / or high-quality round profiles, and / or wire rod, and / or wire for making them by stamping, and / or bending, and / or forging, and / or pressing, and / or welding, and / or winding and / or machining of consumer products, with, if necessary, repair, restoration and preparatory work on rolling and / or forging, and / or stamping, and / or pressing and / or bending equipment (see e.g. V.T. Zhadan, P.I. Polukhin, A.F. Nesterov, A.V. Vishkarev, B.G. Greenberg Metallurgy and technology of materials, M., Metallurgy, 1994, p. 14-579).

 A known method of producing cast iron, steel, billets and products from them using sintering, blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production at a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis, and also averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, loading them into sinter plant bunkers, obtaining fluxed sinter, loading fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives into the bunkers of the blast furnace shop to; unloading coke on coke racks, and feeding it to the bunkers of the blast furnace shop, while analyzing the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading the charge materials from the bunkers and bunkers into the blast furnaces by means of a set of charge materials, recovering and melting the charge materials by blowing simple and / or combined blasting, production of pig iron and slag, gas purification, waste disposal, transfer of slag for further processing, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of blast furnaces for smelting of another grade of cast iron, then subsequent supply of cast iron for processing in steel and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces, supply of ore and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces with preliminary physicochemical , metric and weight analysis of charge materials of furnaces, supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, alternate filling and heating of charge materials in converters or open-hearth furnaces, melting is loaded materials by blowing in converters or open-hearth furnaces or by electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, casting of melting products into ingots, waste disposal, and, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work, then subsequent submission for processing to rolling shops for the manufacture of steel billets, sheet and long products, pipes and special types of rolled products by heating or heating ingots and / or billets before rolling, hot and / or cold rolling, p Cutting, dressing, heat treatment, removal of surface defects, and / or etching, and / or coating, sorting, marking, packaging, transportation, shipping, and, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work on the rolling equipment (see, e.g. V.T. Zhadan, P.I. Polukhin, A.F. Nesterov, A.V. Vishkarev, V.G. Greenberg Metallurgy and technology of metals, M., Metallurgy, 1994, p. 14-346).

 A known method of producing pig iron and steel using blast furnace and steelmaking at a metallurgical enterprise, including the preparation and supply of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, loading them into sinter factory bunkers, receiving fluxed sinter, loading fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives into the bunkers of a blast furnace shop, unloading coke on a coke overpass and feeding it into the bunkers of the blast furnace shop, while analyzing the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading the charge materials from the bunkers into the blast furnaces using a set of charge materials, recovering and melting the charge materials by blowing simple and / or combined blast furnaces into the furnaces, production pig iron and slag, gas treatment, waste disposal, transfer of slag for subsequent processing, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of blast furnaces for smelting another type of cast iron, then the subsequent supply of cast iron for processing in steel and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces, the supply of ore and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces with preliminary physicochemical, metric and weight analysis of the charge materials, supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, alternate filling and heating of charge materials in converters or open-hearth furnaces, melting of loaded materials by blowing into the converter tera or open-hearth furnaces or by means of electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, casting of melting products into ingots, waste disposal, and, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work (see , for example, E.V. Chelishchev, P.P. Arsentiev, V.V. Yakovlev, D.I. Ryzhonkov "Metallurgy of ferrous and non-ferrous metals", M., Metallurgy, 1993, p. 26-240).

 A known method of producing pig iron using blast furnace production at a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as the averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, loading them into the sinter bunker, receiving fluxed sinter, loading fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives into the bunkers of the blast furnace shop, unloading coke on coke racks and feeding it to the bunkers of the blast furnace, analysis of the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading charge materials from bins into blast furnaces by means of a set of charge materials, recovering and melting charge materials by blowing simple and / or combined blast furnaces into blast furnaces, cast iron and slag discharge, gas treatment, waste disposal, transfer of slag for subsequent processing, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of blast furnaces to smelting of another grade of cast iron (see , for example, A.I. Tselikov, P.I. Polukhin, V.M. Grebenik et al. Machines and assemblies of metallurgical plants, vol. 1, Machines and assemblies of blast-furnace shops, M., Metallurgy, 1987, p. 126-418).

 A known method of producing sinter for blast furnace production of a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery and placement of sinter charge components, which use iron ore concentrate, ores, fluxes, metallurgical waste, fuel, hot and cold return, additives, in particular mineral, to the unloading and storage area , physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis of sinter charge, averaging of sinter charge components in the ore yard, dosage of all sinter charge components by hanging, mix wringing the components to obtain a homogeneous mixture by distributing the heat of hot return over the entire mass of the sinter charge, pre-wetting before feeding to pelletizing and final wetting during pelletizing, subsequent loading of the pelletized and moistened sinter charge onto pallets of the sintering machine, smoothing its surface, igniting the sinter charge with a mixture of gases supplied to the furnace sintering machine, and sintering of sinter charge by creating a vacuum under the pallets of the sintering machine and the development of high temperatures during combustion fuel layer in the sinter charge layer, cooling with sampling to determine the physicochemical composition and mechanical strength of the sinter, crushing and screening of the sinter with separation of return and recycling it into the sinter charge, carrying out, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work (see, for example E.F. Wegman, B.N. Zherebin, A.N. Pokhvisnev, Yu.S. Yusfin and V.M. Klempert, "Metallurgy of Cast Iron", M., Metallurgy, 1989, p. 76-122).

 One of the important common problems in carrying out all the mentioned technological processes is the problem of the maximum possible reduction in sulfur content in pig iron and steel. Sulfur in most cases is harmful to cast iron and has become an element. The presence of sulfur in steel causes low strength during heating (red breaking and hot brittleness), and given that all further processing of steel ingots includes hot processing in the first stage, such a defect is extremely undesirable. In cast iron, an excess of sulfur leads to an increase in viscosity (which is a drawback for casting technology) and a decrease in the strength of castings. Depending on the further use, the sulfur content in cast iron should usually not exceed 0.003 ... 0.005%.

 The sulfur content in cast iron is usually inherited in steel, and although melt desulfurization can also be carried out during steel smelting (but, for example, no more than 50% sulfur can be removed in an open-hearth furnace) and using out-of-furnace desulfurization technologies, however, the main Sulfur removal measures should be carried out at the stage of blast furnace redistribution, since 70-90% of sulfur is introduced mainly by coke into the blast furnace. Sulfur is also found in ore materials, in the form of iron sulfides and sulfates, and, consequently, in sinter, directly entering the blast furnace charge. When preparing ores for smelting, compounds containing sulfur are rearranged, however, the total residual sulfur content in the sinter does not significantly decrease.

 An increase in the sulfur content in steel significantly changes the viscosity of the steel and its anisotropy in the directions along and across the rolling. Impact strength decreases. At certain sulfur concentrations, a tendency to brittle fracture appears. Reduces sulfur and heat-resistant properties of steel, i.e. creep limits and long-term strength.

 The use of low-melting desulfurizers (magnesium, calcium, sodium oxides) has its advantages, but requires the use of additional measures to prevent premature desulfurization evaporation, which makes the process more expensive. In addition, further intensification of desulfurization processes is desirable.

 Upon receipt of the sinter for blast furnace production, the known technology in some cases does not provide the necessary strength of the sinter, and the insufficient intensity and completeness of its recovery require additional fuel consumption.

 The objective of the group of inventions is to increase the manufacturability of blast furnace and other metallurgical processes and to improve the quality of cast iron, smelted steels and alloys, as well as products from them by increasing the intensity and depth of desulfurization at the stage of the blast furnace through the optimal use of the properties of rare-earth metals and strontium with increasing strength and reducibility sinter and reducing fuel consumption.

 This problem is solved in the first invention of the group in that in the method for producing cast iron, steel, billets and products from them using sintering, blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production at a metallurgical enterprise and subsequent processing of rolling billets, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore , their preparation, including physicochemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, their loading into sinter bunkers, and obtaining flux sinter, loading the fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives into the bunkers of the blast furnace shop, unloading coke on coke racks, and feeding it to the bunkers of the blast furnace, while analyzing the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading the charge materials from the bunkers into the blast furnaces by charging materials, recovery and penetration of charge materials by blowing into the furnaces of blast furnaces simple and / or combined blasting, production of pig iron and slag, gas treatment, waste disposal, transfer of slag to after processing, and, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of blast furnaces to smelting another type of cast iron, then subsequent supply of cast iron for processing in steel and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces , the supply of ore and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces, with preliminary physical, chemical, metric and weight analysis of charge materials, the supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, filling, etc. heating of charge materials in converters or open-hearth furnaces or electric furnaces, melting of loaded materials by blowing in converters or open-hearth furnaces or by electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, pouring of melting products into ingots, removal of waste, and, if necessary, repair restoration and preparatory work, then the subsequent submission of the ingots received for processing to the rolling shops for the manufacture of steel billets, sheet and long products, pipes, ar mats and special types of rolled products by heating or heating ingots and / or billets before rolling, hot and / or cold rolling, cutting, dressing, heat treatment, removal of surface defects, and / or etching, and / or coating, sorting, marking, packaging , transportation and shipment for future use of finished rails and / or building profiles, fittings, including corrugated, and / or beams, including I-beams and Tauri, and / or corners, and / or channels, and / or pipes, and / or for further processing as preparations of sheets, and / or strips, and / or strips, and / or tin, and / or high-quality round profiles, and / or wire rods, and / or wires for manufacturing from them by stamping and / or bending, and / or forging, and / or pressing, and / or welding, and / or winding, and / or machining of consumer products, with, if necessary, repair, restoration and preparatory work on rolling, and / or forging, and / or stamping, and / or press and / or bending equipment, according to the invention, when smelting cast iron is used, including rare earth metals and strontium, which is at least partially introduced into a cement raw material, simultaneously with the introduction fluxed sinter and / or its composition in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% rare earth metals, and 0.01. ..1.0 wt.% Strontium, as well as at least partially introduced into the charge materials when loading solid fuel, including coke and / or in its composition, into quantities of 10 to 30% strontium and from 75 to 90% of rare earth metals of their total weight introduced into charge materials with fluxed sinter, while rare earth metals and strontium, at least partially, are introduced into the composition of charge materials in the form of metal-containing and acid-containing compositions.

 At the same time, in the blast furnace workshops, pig iron is produced for the production of grades P1, and / or P2, and / or PL1, and / or PL2, and / or PF1, and / or PF2, and / or PF3 and / or high-quality grades PVK1, and / or PVK2, and / or PVK3, and / or foundry and foundry-synthetic grades L1, and / or L2, and / or L3, and / or L4, and / or L5, and / or L6, and / or LR1, and / or LR2, and / or LR3, and / or LR4, and / or LR5, and / or LR6, and / or LP7.

 At the same time, carbon steel and / or carbon steel of high quality and / or low alloy, including reinforcing, and / or alloy, including structural, and / or bearing, and / or spring, and / or high-strength, are smelted in steelmaking workshops, and / or corrosion-resistant, and / or heat-resistant, and / or heat-resistant, and / or tool, including high-speed, and / or stamped, including for cold deformation, and / or for hot deformation, including for rolling rolls.

 At the same time, strip rolling and sheets with a thickness of 1-1.2 to 12-16 mm and a width of up to 1850-2150 mm are made on broadband hot rolling mills, on plates with a thickness of 4-380 and a width of 500-5000 mm, on rail and beam mills produce rails weighing 50-75 kg / m and / or beams up to 600 mm high, on beam mills produce wide-shelf beams up to 1000-1100 mm high and shelf widths 400-490 mm, on large sections producing I-beams 80-600 mm high and / or channels with a height of 80-450 mm, and / or T-steel with a height of 100-400 mm, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width of 90-250 mm, and / or rails weighing 8-75 kg / m, and / or a circle with a diameter of 50-250 mm, and / or strip profiles with a width of 75-200 mm, on medium-grade mills produce I-beams with a height of 80- 300 mm, and / or channels with a height of 40-300 mm, and / or T-steel with a height of 30-120 mm, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width of 40-120 mm, and / or rails weighing 6-24 kg / m, and / or a circle with a diameter of 30-120 mm, and / or strip profiles with a width of 40-120 mm, on small sections mills produce channels with a height of 30-65 mm, and / or T-bars with a height of 20-60 mm, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width 20-60 mm, and / or circle dia 8–40 mm in diameter, including reinforcing bars and / or strip profiles with a width of 20–60 mm, wire rod is used to produce wire rods with a diameter of 5–12.7 mm, and sheets with a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width are produced on cold-rolled sheet mills up to 2000 mm, and / or tape with a thickness of 0.0015 mm and a width of 1000 mm, and / or tin with a thickness of 0.07 mm and a width of 1300 mm, bending profiles with a wall thickness of 0.1-20 are produced on roll forming mills mm and a profile perimeter of 10-2000 mm; periodic profiles and / or short bodies of revolution and / or profiles are produced on mills for rolling special products and with a helical surface, including fittings, and / or gears, and / or rings, and / or balls, and / or precision shaped profiles, hot-rolled seamless pipes with a diameter of 16 to 1000 mm are produced on pipe-rolling units, including on aggregates with an automatic machine, pipes with a diameter of: on small - up to 150 mm, on medium - up to 426 mm, on large - on a pilgrim mill: on small - with a diameter of up to 114 mm and a minimum wall thickness of 2.5-4 , 0 mm, on medium - respectively 114-325 mm and 5-8 mm, on large - up to 700 mm and 6-10 mm, on units with continuous ohm: with a diameter of 16-170 mm with a wall thickness of 2-25 mm, on units with a three-roll rolling mill - with a diameter of 40-200 mm with a wall thickness of 0.25-0.09 diameter, longitudinally welded pipes with a diameter of 6-530 mm are produced on pipe-welding units and / or spiral-suture pipes with a diameter of 426-2500 mm, on pipes cold rolling mills produce pipes with a diameter of 4-450 mm with a wall thickness of 0.1-40.0 mm, on pipe-drawing mills produce pipes with a diameter of 0.2-1000 mm with a wall thickness of 0.015-50 mm.

 In this case, the manufacture of consumer products of rolled billets is carried out by forging and / or die forging, including forging using dies, and / or special tools, and / or in underlay dies, or stamping in open dies, and / or in closed dies , and / or extrusion and piercing, and / or in stamps with split dies, and / or on horizontal forging machines, and / or flexible, and / or pressing on rotary forging machines, and / or electric upsetting, and / or rolling and / or by pressing and / or cold sheet stamp a sheep, including cutting and punching, and / or flexible, and / or drawing, and / or flanging, and / or disembarking, and / or embossing, and / or extrusion, and / or mechanical processing, including turning, and / or drilling and reaming, and / or reaming, and / or reaming, and / or boring, and / or broaching, and / or milling, and / or planing, and chiselling, and / or thread cutting, and / or gear cutting and / or grinding and / or polishing and / or honing and / or shaving.

 The specified task in the second invention of the group is solved by the fact that in the method of producing cast iron, steel, billets and products from them using sintering, blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production at a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physicochemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, loading them into the sinter bunkers, obtaining fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives, unloading coke on coke racks and feeding it to the bunkers of the blast furnace shop, while analyzing the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading the charge materials from the bunkers into the blast furnaces using a set of charge materials, recovering and melting the charge by blowing simple blast furnaces into the furnaces, and / or combined blasting, production of pig iron and slag, gas purification, waste disposal, transfer of slag for subsequent processing, and also, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work, and / or transfer of blast furnaces for smelting of another grade of cast iron, then subsequent supply of cast iron for processing in steel, and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces, feeding ore and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces, with preliminary physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis of charge materials, supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, filling and heating of charge materials in converters, or open-hearth, or electric furnaces, melting materials by blowing in converters or open-hearth furnaces or by electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, casting of melting products into ingots, waste disposal, and, if necessary, repair and reconstruction and preparatory work, then subsequent submission of the ingots for processing to rolling shops for the manufacture of billets and rolled products from steel, by heating or heating ingots and / or billets before rolling, hot and / or cold rolling, cutting, straightening, thermo processing, removal of surface defects, and / or etching, and / or coating, sorting, marking, packaging, transportation and shipping, according to the invention, as metal additives in the smelting of cast iron, rare earth metals and strontium are used, which are at least partially introduced into the charge materials simultaneously with the introduction of fluxed agglomerate and / or in its composition in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% rare earth metals and 0.01. ..1.0 wt.% Strontium, as well as, partially introduced into the charge materials when loading solid fuel, including coke, and / or in its composition into the blast furnace, in amounts ranging from 10 to 30% strontium and from 75 to 90% of the rare earth metals of their total mass introduced into the charge materials with fluxed sinter, while rare earth metals and strontium, at least partially, are introduced into the composition of charge materials in the form of metal-containing and acid-containing compositions.

 In this case, the charge materials are delivered to the metallurgical plant mainly by rail, unloaded with the help of car tippers, then they are stored with the help of overload cranes and / or stackers, then the charge materials are fed to the preparatory and then wagons with charge cranes and / or wagons and / or wagons. the sintering department of the sinter plant; fine coke is delivered there by conveyors and / or in the cars, the sinter is conveyed by belt conveyors to the receiving hoppers of the overpass the blast furnace shop, to the other bunkers of the same flyover, large coke is conveyed by conveyors and / or wagons, then the batch materials are fed to the top of the blast furnace with a skip elevator and / or conveyor and into the furnace using a loading device, and during the transportation process, the resulting sinter fines and / or pellets and / or coke as well as the return of the sintering department of the sinter factory are separated and sent to the preparation department of the sinter factory and / or partially disposed of at the CHPP, the finished cast iron is transported to the mi sulfur in steelmaking workshops and / or to filling machines for producing commercial pig iron, and blast furnace slag is processed in granulation units directly at the furnaces and / or transported in slag carriers for processing and disposal outside the blast furnace shop or enterprise, liquid iron is fed to steelmaking work sites workshops and poured using bridge cranes into steelmaking furnaces, the solid metal part of the charge is transported there from the batch compartment and loaded into the same furnaces, the steel obtained through steel pouring ladles are poured into molds and / or fed to continuous casting machines, frozen ingots in molds are fed to the stripping department where molds are removed, and on trolleys they are sent to a crimping rolling workshop for heating in heating wells and rolling in blooming and / or slabbing into slabs and / or blooms, then rolled slabs and / or continuously cast slabs are heated and fed for further rolling to a broadband mill for the production of strips in rolls and / or to a plate mill to produce thick sheets of measured length, proc These sheets are shipped for use and / or made from them spiral-seam or straight-line-seam pipes and / or welded wide-shelf beams, and / or transferred to the cold rolling workshop for the production of thin sheets and / or sheet and / or tape, with their heat treatment and / or surface coating, and blooms after fire stripping and cutting are rolled into large sections and / or pipe billets, which, after heating in heating furnaces, are fed to rail-beam and / or sectional mills to obtain rails and / or beams and / or building profiles , a mats, including corrugated, I-beams, and / or corners, and / or channels, as well as wire rods and / or strips, and / or seamless pipes from pipe billets, in addition, the gases at the outlet of the blast furnace are cleaned of dust and sent to the consumer, and the collected dust is fed to the preparatory department of the sintering sinter plant, the heated exhaust gases and / or water and / or other waste heat carriers are disposed of in units for generating heat and / or electricity, including for internal technological and / or external consumption, including n and thermal power plants, carry out repair and restoration work of the mentioned vehicles and / or communications, while using automatic means of process control.

Moreover, the ingots before rolling into blooms and / or slabs are at least preheated in heating wells to a temperature of 1100 - 1300 ^o C, while the ingots are fed to the receiving area, at least by ingot carriers, and the ingots are pre-weighed and, according to at least rotate through an angle of 180 ^o , after which the ingots are at least simultaneously sent to the rolls of the stand and / or stands, and the ingots are rolled in a system of horizontal and / or vertical rolls, each of the horizontal rolls has an edge at least an individual drive from the engines, with flexible adjustment of the frequency of its rotation, and the vertical rolls have at least one drive from the engine through a transmission system, then after rolling the resulting blooms and / or slabs are sent to surface cleaning areas, then to profitable removal areas and bottom parts and cutting to measured lengths, and after that the measured parts of the resulting blooms and / or slabs are fed to harvesting areas where they are weighed, branded, stacked, cooled, trimmed and / or at least until They are heated preliminarily before further processing and / or processing, and production wastes in the form of scale, trimmings, and undercuts are disposed of and / or processed, and slabs and / or ingots are heated in method furnaces and / or moving hearth and / or furnaces before production of plate products heating wells, and after heating, they are fed mainly along the live rolls to at least a reversing stand with vertical rolls, while the side surfaces of the slabs and / or ingots are processed in the stand in several passes, except this subsequent rolling is carried out in a reversible horizontal stand, at least a quarto, with the possibility of turning the slabs 90 ^o to increase the width, then the broadened sheets, at least again rotate 90 ^o , mainly on a roller table with conical rollers and then rolled to the desired the thickness of the sheet, while the lateral edges of the sheet are periodically crimped in stands and / or stands with vertical rolls, and the final rolling is performed at least in the finishing stand and / or stands of the quarto, the furnace and air the scale from the surfaces of the rolled sheets is removed by a jet and / or water jets with an increased high-pressure head directed at an angle to the surface of the sheets, the water being supplied at least periodically, after which the resulting sheets are at least laid in bags and transported by transfer slap trolleys to cooling areas , cutting, dressing, heat treatment, including without additional heating, while the surfaces of the sheets are mainly cleaned, marked, branded, marked, weighed, sorted to order m, they are handed over to the warehouse and / or shipped by rail outside the enterprise, and before receiving the rolled sheets, the slabs are heated at least in walking furnace furnaces, then they are fed mainly by roller tables to a group of universal roughing stands, at least a quarter, at the same time, at least one and / or two stands with vertical and horizontal rolls are installed in front of this group of universal stands, where scale is removed from the slabs, and at least g is removed from the scale by crushing under a pressure of 14-16 MPa, and after rolling in the roughing group of stands, the resulting peals are transferred via intermediate roller conveyors to the finishing group of stands, before which the scale is destroyed by at least roller descalers and removed from the peeling surfaces mainly by hydraulic beating, and after the sheets are released from the last the finishing stand they are cooled to 500 - 650 ^o C at least on the roller tables, wound into rolls on the winding areas, while the rolls removed from the coilers are sent at least for further rolling in the hall one state or transferred to the finishing area for subsequent processing of the sheets, while before cold rolling the sheets with sheets are sent to the pickling compartment, where the scale from the surfaces of the unwound sheets is removed in a solution and / or solutions of acid and / or a mixture of acids and / or alkalis and after etching, the sheet and / or sheets are washed and dried, wound into rolls and / or sent for rolling to a reversible single-cell mill and / or to a continuous multi-cell mill with quarto and / or twelve and / or twenty-glue stands after rolling, the sheet and / or sheets are sent to the surface finishing section of the obtained sheets, then to the heat treatment section of the sheet and / or sheets in continuous or batch heating units, after which the resulting sheet and / or sheets are trained, cut longitudinally and / or transverse direction, sorted, packaged, moreover, at least on the surface and / or surfaces and / or side edges of the sheet and / or sheets, metallic and / or non-metallic protective coatings are applied.

In this case, the blooms and / or billets before rolling into rails and / or beams and / or channels and / or tongues and / or tees and / or double-tee and / or shaped profiles are heated to a temperature of 1180 - 1280 ^o C, while rolling is completed at temperature of 850 - 900 ^o C, and the rails are at least pre-bent to the bottom of the profile.

 In this case, metal pipes are manufactured by rolling ingots and / or billets in hot and / or cold state, by welding and / or soldering sheet billets, metal pipes are also pressed and / or pulled by drawing, and before feeding rolled and / or pressed billets into the drawing mill and / or mills pre-heat them, then at least the surface of the workpieces is cleaned of scale and, in addition, the surface of the workpieces is prepared for fixing and holding applied lubricants and / or coatings they are formed, the pipe head is formed and after that the workpieces are sent along a specific route in the drawing mill and / or mills, while the workpieces are subjected to heat treatment at least during and / or after crimping, and then they are straightened, ground, polished and / or to the surface and / or surfaces of the obtained products are applied with metallic and / or non-metallic protective coatings.

 In this case, the preforms are preheated before rolling the rolled products in wire mills, and after the preforms are drawn from the heating units, at least the front ends of the preforms are welded by a docking machine to the rear ends of the rolled preforms, while the temperature of the preform metal is at least equalized in front of the first mill stand.

 The specified task in the third invention of the group is solved by the fact that in the method of producing pig iron and steel using sinter, blast furnace and steelmaking at a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis as well as the averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, loading sinter plants in bunkers, receiving fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives, unloading coke on coke racks and e first feeding into the bunkers of the blast furnace shop, while analyzing the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading the charge materials from the bunkers in the blast furnaces by means of a set of charge materials, recovering and melting the charge materials by blowing simple and / or combined blast furnaces into the furnaces, producing pig iron and slag, gas treatment, waste disposal, transfer of slag for subsequent processing, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of blast furnaces for smelting, etc. Goy grade of cast iron, then the subsequent supply of cast iron for processing in steel and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces, the supply of ore and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces, with preliminary physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis charge materials, supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, filling and heating charge materials in converters or open-hearth or electric furnaces, melting of loaded materials by blowing in a conve smelters or open-hearth furnaces or by means of electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, casting of melting products into ingots, waste disposal, and, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work, according to the invention, rare earth metals are also used as metal additives for iron smelting metals and strontium, which are at least partially introduced into charge materials simultaneously with the introduction of fluxed agglomerate and / or its composition in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% rare earth meta fishing and 0.01 ... 1.0 wt.% strontium, as well as these additives, at least partially introduced into the charge materials when loading solid fuel, including coke, and / or in its composition into the blast furnace, in amounts ranging from 10 to 30% strontium and from 75 to 90% of rare earth metals of their total mass introduced into charge materials with fluxed agglomerate, while rare earth metals and strontium are at least partially introduced into the composition of charge materials in the form metal-containing and oxide-containing compositions.

 In this case, before filling the charge materials into the unheated or heated open-hearth furnaces, the metal and slag residues are completely or partially hit from them, and the formed and / or detected defects in the lining of the walls, slopes, and hearths are restored and / or filled with a crushed and fired mixture of refractory materials, for example magnesite and / or dolomite and / or mill scale and / or open-hearth slag, then pre-cut and / or arranged and / or briquetted and / or packaged and / or averaged solid charge material at least scrap, ore and / or metal-containing and / or metal materials, fluxes and / or cast iron are collected in the moldyard in the charge yard, and trains with the molds are fed along the railroad tracks to the charge opener, from which they are transferred to the furnace spans via exit routes on the paths that go in front of the open-hearth furnaces for filling them onto the hearths of the bathtubs of the open-hearth furnaces, while the charge materials are periodically and / or continuously heated by blowing gas-fuel and / or oxidation mixtures in the furnace and / or by transferring combustion products from the second bath furnaces, and the reversal of the supply of gas mixture and / or blast and / or oxidizer is carried out, at least depending on the temperature difference between the bottom and top of the nozzles of the regenerators, after which they are poured onto the heated and / or warmed and / or softened charge materials in the furnaces liquid cast iron, which is fed to the open-hearth furnace from the mixer compartment and / or overflow section and / or blast furnace shop in ladle and / or mixer type cast iron trucks, while cast iron trucks are removed from railway and / or sludge to fill cast iron into open-hearth furnaces rail trolleys with bridge cranes of the furnace span and poured into the furnace, preferably by means of troughs installed on the thresholds of the working windows of open-hearth furnaces, and the resulting slag is loaded into slag carriers for subsequent processing, then the molten metal is blown in at least one of the bathtubs of the furnaces, and / or heated blast and / or combined blast and / or blast enriched with oxidizing agent, refined, samples are taken, adjusted to obtain the required quality and released into previously prepared and installed f one or more ladles equipped with dried stoppers, and then steel from ladles is poured into molds mounted on mobile platforms and / or cast into intermediate ladles or ladles of continuous casting machines or onto production paths and / or stands of casting spans of the open-hearth shop; products.

 In this case, before being fed to the converters, sorted and cut scrap in the compartment of magnetic and bulk materials is recruited and / or adjusted by weight in scoops, and bulk ore and / or fluxing materials and / or additives are unloaded into receiving hoppers and fed to the converter compartment mainly scrap trucks, and / or conveyors, while molten iron is fed into the converter compartment by cast iron trucks from the mixer compartment and / or the blast furnace and poured into casting ladles in overflow areas, then scrap and raw materials are filled of all charge materials into the converters, cast iron is poured, the metal in the converters is blown with an oxidizing agent, and / or a combined blast and / or fuel and / or flux mixture and / or neutral gases and / or protective reagents, and the metal in the converters is blown from above and / or from below, after melting and adjusting the temperature of the metal, the finished steel of the required quality and slag are discharged from the converters into one or more ladles, which are transported to the casting site, where steel from the ladles is poured into molds mounted on the platform s and / or poured into tundishes or ladles continuous casting machine for billets or products.

In this case, before loading the charge materials into the electric furnaces, the remains of the metal and slag are completely or partially removed from the hot furnaces, and the lining defects of the hearths and / or slopes are filled pneumatically and / or manually with dry, fine-grained, refractory powder, while as a binder for refractory powder use resin and / or pitch and / or liquid glass, then charge materials are loaded into the furnace, which include scrap, cast iron, fluxes, deoxidizers, metal additives and metal waste, metallized pellets, sponge iron, alloying additives, at least the scrap before heating in the furnace is heated to 800 - 900 ^o C, and the density of the charge materials is ensured by using scrap of various sizes, after loading the charge materials in the furnace, the electrode or electrodes are lowered and the current is switched on, and the length the arcs between the electrodes and the charge materials are kept constant by moving the electrodes; further, the melting of the charge materials in the furnaces is forced by the operation of the furnace conveyor at full power and / or by turning the furnaces at angles of ± 40 ° and / or blowing the combined blast, in addition, during melting, fluxes and / or iron ore additives are added to the furnace, and after all the charge materials are melted, metal samples are taken and, without turning off the current, slag is downloaded to the slag trucks , blow metal in the furnaces with blast and / or oxidizing agent, and after blowing is completed, metal is deoxidized in the furnace before downloading slag and / or alloyed with additives, after which the metal from the furnace is released into steel trucks and / or casting ladles with the final metal oxidation using iron-silicon and / or aluminum-containing additives, with additional metal refining carried out outside the furnaces.

 In this case, the steel cast into the ladle or ladles is vacuum treated and / or the steel is vacuumized and / or the steel in the ladles is blown with inert gases and / or reducing gases and / or powder mixtures and / or the steel is treated with synthetic slags and / or materials in solid and / or liquid form, moreover, the molten steel is poured from the ladle or ladles into the intermediate ladle and / or ladles, and from it or them one or more streams are directed into the mold, while the lower part or bottom of the mold is seeded with a cut or notch the cross section of which is equal to the cross section of the cast billets, and the billet is pulled from the primary cooling zone and / or the mold continuously at a speed of 0.5-8 m / min, and then the billet to be drawn is fed into the secondary cooling zone, where the refrigerant is sent directly to the surface workpieces, and while the workpieces are supported by rollers and / or beams and then the formed workpieces are pulled out, followed by cutting to measured and / or required lengths, the cutting device being cut during preparations to measured and / or required lengths are moved synchronously with the movement of the workpiece with subsequent return to their original position, after which the cut measured and / or required parts of the workpieces are sent to tilters, from which they are sent for subsequent processing and / or processing and / or to the finished warehouse products.

In this case, liquid metal is supplied from the converter or steel furnace through a metal receiver installed in the spray chamber and heated to 800 - 900 ^° C to the spray zone in the form of a metered jet, simultaneously with molten metal, water and / or are supplied as a jet through the nozzle assembly into the spray zone gas with a high velocity head, while an annular stream of energy is generated by a nozzle that encloses a stream of metal, and a spray focus is created at the point of convergence of the jets, in which breaking the metal stream by separating individual drops from it, then the dispersed metal from the spray zone is deposited in the lower part of the chamber filled to a certain level with a refrigerant, and then the resulting powder is dried in a muffle furnace or in a vacuum dryer or in a rotary dryer in a nitrogen atmosphere, then dried specimens are crushed and the crushed powder is sieved with separation into fractions, while a large fraction is sent for remelting, and suitable products from various melts are mixed in the required composition and onsistentsii zatarivatsya in the mixer and to send, and to obtain a powder as a raw material metallosmesey using soluble compounds of metals, which are further subjected to electrolytic treatment.

 At the same time, to obtain ingots and / or billets, powder ligatures and / or non-compact materials and / or consumable electrodes and / or metal wastes are used as charge materials, in particular non-ferrous metals, which are subsequently subjected to electroslag treatment and refined.

 This problem is solved in the fourth invention of the group by the fact that in the method of producing pig iron using sinter and blast furnace production at a metallurgical plant, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including chemical-chemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as averaging charge materials in the ore yard, loading them into the bins of the sinter plant, receiving fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives, unloading coke on coke racks and feeding it into the bunkers exchange shop, while analyzing the moisture content of coke and its fractional composition, loading charge materials from bins into blast furnaces by using a set of charge materials, recovering and melting charge materials by blowing simple and / or combined blast furnaces into blast furnaces, cast iron and slag production, gas treatment , waste disposal, transfer of slag for further processing, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of blast furnaces to smelting of another grade of cast iron, with According to the invention, rare-earth metals and strontium are used in the smelting of pig iron, which are at least partially introduced into charge materials simultaneously with the introduction of fluxed sinter and / or in its composition in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% rare-earth metals and 0.01 ... 1.0 wt.% Strontium, as well as at least partially introduced into the charge materials when loading solid fuel, including coke, and / or in its composition into the blast furnace, in amounts of from 10 to 30% strontium and from 75 to 90% of rare earth metals of their total aces, introduced into the cement raw materials from the fluxed agglomerate, wherein the rare-earth metals, strontium, at least partially introduced into the batch materials in the form of iron and okislosoderzhaschih compositions.

At the same time, loading of batch materials from bunkers into a blast furnace is carried out by a separate set of materials from bins, while homogeneous materials in several bins are discharged from each hopper by loading weights into a separate feed, and when loading by conveyor, a uniform agglomerate is produced simultaneously from several bunkers, while the conveyor speed is slowed down before the end of the set of charge materials in the weight funnel, and the set of coke and sinter in the weight funnel and they are produced by screening with screening of fines, substandard fractions, and the quality of the sinter and coke is controlled by changing the height of the layer and the speed of their movement along the screen, after which the screens are cleaned by periodically turning them on idle, then conditional charge materials are loaded into a skip or onto a conveyor, made in the form of a conveyor, and served in the receiving part of the loading device of the blast furnace, while the uniformity of the distribution of charge materials and the level of their filling in the blast furnace about provide by turning the funnel of the distributor with charge materials at each subsequent supply relative to the previous one at an angle of 30 ^o ... 90 ^o , additional charge materials, in the form of metal additives, are periodically loaded into the furnace and recirculated into the feed with alternation, while metal additives in the form of scale and / or oily scale is loaded into the furnace in the amount of 0.5 skips after 2.5-3 hours, alternating with the supply of 2 skips of coke, and the distributor funnel is turned clockwise up to 180 ^o and more than 180 ^o at angles - counterclockwise ki.

At the same time, waste containing organic compounds is introduced into the high-temperature zone of the blast furnace, mainly in containers, melting at a temperature of at least 1500 ^o C, and used plastics and / or plastic waste in an amount of at least 45-100 kg / t as additional fuel cast iron.

 In this blast, before being fed to the furnace, the blast furnace is heated and fed under excess pressure.

 At the same time, when preparing cast iron and slag for releases from the blast furnace, pre-prepared cast iron trucks and slag carriers are fed to the blast furnace tracks under the drain socks of stationary and / or moving gutters, after which the opening of the blast furnace is opened, with the formation of an inclined channel in it for the subsequent feeding the iron through the gutters into the pig-iron trucks, and the slag into the slag carriers and / or into granulation, then, after releasing the furnace hearth from the pig iron and slag, close the outlet of the channel refractory mass, and the gutters are freed from the remains of cast iron and slag and are prepared for the next releases, while the cast iron trucks are sent to the steelmaking plant or to the tipping stand, where they turn over the iron trucks with cast iron into the receiving troughs, from which it is fed to the pre-treated with lime mortar and dried continuously moving trapezoidal molds of the inclined conveyor of the filling machines, while in the upper part of the inclined conveyor the molds with ingots are cooled with a refrigerant, and after cooling They are sent to the unloading device and dumped into wagons and / or sent to the finished goods warehouse, with the implementation of the corresponding accompanying operations, while the weight of ingots is 7-48 kg.

 In this case, coke screenings with a fraction of up to 5 mm and / or gas coal in the amount of 40-70 kg / t of pig iron are introduced into the ore ridge of the charge materials loaded into the blast furnace, and screening of ferrovanadium production of fractions of 5-100 mm is periodically loaded into the charge materials as metal additives in an amount of 20-30 kg / t of pig iron and / or oily scale in an amount of up to 100 kg / t of cast iron, moreover, the control of microimpurity composition of cast iron and slag is carried out by using coke of a certain coke production or mixtures of coke s coke production.

 Moreover, averaging of charge materials in the ore yard is carried out in one stack, conditionally divided in the transverse direction into two equal halves, which are formed and consumed alternately, while the discharge fronts of each of the charge materials are constant, the charge of the charge materials from the stack is made by steps from top to bottom, along the entire width of the stack, then filling the bunkers of the blast furnace with charge materials is carried out uniformly, with the loading of each hopper at least 2/3 of its capacity, while in the case of negative temperatures Atur and / or high humidity of the charge materials of the bunker are subjected to preliminary heating, including through the secondary use of waste heat carriers.

и

при этом перевод доменных печей с выплавки одной марки чугуна на другую осуществляют в течение 10-12 часов, при этом увеличивают рудную нагрузку в три этапа через каждые 3 часа на десятую часть, причем на первом этапе путем уменьшения расхода кокса в подачу, на втором этапе путем корректировки коксовой и рудной частей подачи, на третьем этапе путем увеличения рудной части подачи до величины рабочей, а общий перепад давления увеличивают на 0,02 атм через каждые 2 часа, и увеличивают основность шихтовых материалов на каждом этапе на 0,03, вместе с тем в период перевода содержание кремния поддерживают на 0,2-0,3% выше средних значений, кроме того перевод доменных печей с выплавки одной марки чугуна на другую осуществляют путем использования в качестве присадки дробленого и просушенного ферросилиция, который подают в струю жидкого чугуна в момент выпуска чугуна при наполнении чугуновозов на 1/4 и заканчивают подачу при наполнении чугуновоза не более чем на 2/3 его объема, при этом содержание кремния в результате введения присадки увеличивают на 0,4-0,8 мас.%.In this case, the transfer of blast furnaces from smelting of one grade of cast iron to another is carried out subject to the condition of the blast furnaces running smoothly, while loading from 5 to 10 blank feeds in a row into blast furnaces, washing the blast furnaces with washing charge materials, and then reducing the ore spike by 15 -20 wt.% With a simultaneous increase in the consumption of coke in the feed by 20-30 wt.%, And reduce the total pressure drop by 0.1-0.3 atm to 0.05 atm for each hour, and the basicity of the slag is chosen:

and

the transfer of blast furnaces from smelting one grade of cast iron to another is carried out within 10-12 hours, while increasing the ore load in three stages every 3 hours to a tenth, and in the first stage by reducing the consumption of coke in the feed, in the second stage by adjusting the coke and ore parts of the feed, in the third stage by increasing the ore part of the feed to the working value, and the total pressure drop is increased by 0.02 atm every 2 hours, and the basicity of the charge materials at each stage is increased by 0.03, together with those during the transfer period, the silicon content is maintained at 0.2-0.3% above average values, in addition, the transfer of blast furnaces from smelting one grade of cast iron to another is carried out by using crushed and dried ferrosilicon as an additive, which is fed into a jet of molten cast iron at the time the release of cast iron when filling cast iron trucks by 1/4 and the feed is completed when filling the cast iron truck by no more than 2/3 of its volume, while the silicon content as a result of the introduction of the additive is increased by 0.4-0.8 wt.%.

 In this case, before repair and restoration work, the blast furnaces are stopped with the preliminary removal of all melting products from the blast furnaces immediately after the cast iron is released, while the supply of combined blast components and enrichment of the blast with oxygen are completely stopped 15-20 minutes before the stove stops, and after cooling blast furnaces completely stop the flow of blast, then after analyzing the condition of the blast furnaces, the remnants of unmelted charge materials are completely removed from the blast furnaces, then carry out repair and restoration work, dictated by the detected damage and / or wear, and preparatory work is carried out by blowing and then blowing the blast furnaces, before which they analyze the position of the axis of the blast furnace, for which from the center formed by strings stretched over several diameters of the flange the top ring of the top, lower the plumb line, after which the blast furnace is dried, and then blow-in charge materials are loaded, while the flow of coke loaded into the first volume waste charge materials are selected with a silicon content of 4.0–5.0 wt.% in the first cast iron, and after stabilization of the blast furnace operation a blast furnace is blown, in which pig iron is released after 1-3 hours, while creating a uniform increase gas pressure at the top of a blast furnace with a pressure drop of 10-20% less than the working one.

 At the same time, the charge materials delivered to the metallurgical enterprise, for example, raw coal or a mixture of coking coal, are unloaded into the receiving hoppers of the coke production, then physicochemical, weight and metric analyzes are carried out, then the coal charge materials are crushed to a fraction of less than 3 mm, averaged and mixed, and then the prepared charge materials from the hoppers of the loading cars are placed in coke ovens with alignment and / or ramming them over the surface of the mound, seal the furnaces, leaving the gas openings open, while the charge materials in the coke oven lined refractory materials are heated by burning in the walls of the furnaces of the blast furnace and / or coke oven gas and / or gas-fuel mixture, which are supplied from gas purifications of the blast-furnace shop and / or TPP and / or other production plants pipelines, and the dirty coke oven gas emitted as a result of heating the charge materials in coke ovens is sent to the chemical industry through the gas collection and exhaust pipes, where after drives of the required components are used, at least in part of the production and / or workshops, and / or sections, and / or CHP as at least additional fuel, also after coking of the charge materials in the furnaces, the hot coke cake is unloaded previously opened furnaces in the extinguishing cars, which are supplied for wet or dry extinguishing, then unload the coke on an inclined ramp and / or overpass and conveyors for coke sorting and / or in the bunkers of the blast furnace shop.

 In this case, a fuel mixture consisting of blast furnace and / or coke and / or natural gases and coal and / or a mixture of coal are used as fuel for a thermal power plant, while the thermal power plant is connected at least in parallel with the regional energy system, in addition a thermal power plant generates by means of compressors a blast of various parameters, and / or chemically purified refrigerants, and / or coolants of various parameters, moreover, cooling of the refrigerants is carried out in cooling towers, and electric heat and / or heat energy and / or heat carriers and / or waste heat energy and / or waste heat carriers from at least part of the production facilities and / or workshops and / or production sites are sent and / or disposed of by means of electrically conductive, and / or piping and / or heat exchange equipment in the main production facilities of the enterprise and / or sent to household needs and / or to agricultural facilities, in particular greenhouses.

 The specified task by the fifth invention of the group is solved by the fact that in the method for producing sinter for blast furnace production of a metallurgical enterprise, which includes the delivery and placement of sinter charge components, which are used as iron ore concentrate, ores, fluxes, metallurgical waste, fuel, hot and cold return, additives, to the unloading and storage area, physicochemical, metric and weight analysis of sinter charge, averaging of sinter charge components in the ore yard, dosage of all sinter components ichts by hanging, mixing the components, until a homogeneous mixture is distributed with hot return heat distribution over the entire mass of sinter charge, preliminary moistening before feeding to pelletizing, and final wetting during pelletizing, subsequent loading of pelletized and moistened sinter charge onto pallets of the sintering machine, smoothing its surface, ignition sinter charge with a mixture of gases supplied to the furnace of the sinter machine, and sintering sinter charge by creating a vacuum under the pallets of the sinter machine and developed I high temperatures during the burning of the fuel layer in the sinter charge layer, cooling with sampling to determine the physicochemical composition and mechanical strength of the sinter, crushing and screening of the sinter with separation of return and recycling it into sinter charge, carrying out, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work , according to the invention, as additives, materials containing rare earth metals and strontium are used, which are present in additives in amounts of 0.001-0.7 wt.% and 0.005-1.0 wt.%, respectively, while their introduction into the sinter charge is at least partially carried out at the stage of mixing iron ore concentrate, ore and fluxing additives.

 At the same time, the delivered sinter charge components, mainly sinter ore and iron ore concentrates, are fed to the car dumper and unloaded into the ore trench, and in the case of negative temperatures, the delivered sinter charge components are preheated before unloading, and the working surface of the vehicles is treated with titanium-containing preparations before loading The delivered fluxes, including lime of own production, are fed into the ore trench and turned over to concentrate. rat or sinter ore, in a ratio of 1 to not less than 20, and fluxes are fed by a conveyor system into the receiving hopper of the sinter factory, in addition, the flux mixture is subjected to crushing and subsequent screening to ensure a fraction content of less than 3 mm, at least 93% of the total volume, fluxes entering the sinter charge, while the sieve of ferrovanadium and powder production is additionally introduced into the sinter charge, mainly the production of ferrous powders doped with chromium and nickel, and / or sludges of ferrovanadium and powder production, and The amount of metal screening and sludge from ferrovanadium and powder production is 50-60 kg / t of sinter, and at the stage of preparation of sludge for feeding into the sinter charge, they are treated with a solution based on limestone, mainly from lime production waste, and then fed to the receiving hoppers of the charge section of the sinter factory the microimpurity composition of the sinter is regulated by adding limestone of the Barsukovsky deposit and / or dolomites of the Dankovsky, Shchelkovsky and Livnensky deposits and / or lime of Obidimsky to the sintering mixture production in an amount of 40-100 kg / t of agglomerate and by adding coke breeze of one and / or several coke and chemical plants.

 In this case, solid fuel, mainly coke breeze, anthracite bar and / or screening of coke with a grain size of less than 25-30 mm, is crushed before being fed into the sinter charge to obtain a fraction of less than 3 mm, to ensure that the fine fraction contains not less than 95% of the total mass solid fuel.

 In this case, the return during the preparation of the sinter charge is supplied in two stages, at the first stage of the preparation of the sinter charge, the cold secondary return is supplied together with iron ore concentrate and ore, which are averaged during storage in the ore yard, while the secondary return is isolated by re-screening the sinter before loading into the blast furnaces, and in the second stage, the primary sinter charge is added to the prepared sinter charge while the primary sludge is obtained by screening the hot sinter after sintering the sinter charge, Rich amount administered in agloshihtu return is 18-42 wt. %, and the amount of primary return introduced into the sinter charge is 23-38 wt.%.

 In this case, the dosage of the sinter charge components is carried out in two streams; on the first stream, the receiving hoppers of the batch compartment of the sinter plant are filled uniformly by loading the hopper at least 2/3 of its capacity, and in case of negative temperatures, the walls of the hoppers are preheated, including by using heat of waste heat carriers, and in the second stream the components of the sinter charge discharged from the bunkers are dosed by changing the positions of the locking device of the bins and / or by changing soon these rotation and / or oscillation frequencies of the feeders, in addition to this hopper, the sinter charge components are emptied no more than 1/3 of their capacity, while during the initial mixing the sinter charge components are fed with a hot fraction return of particle size less than 10-12 mm, and the components are mixed in the vertical and / or horizontal plane, and when mixed, the sinter charge is moistened, mainly by irrigation to a moisture content of 4-6%.

 At the same time, a homogeneous mixture of sinter mixture components pre-moistened and heated by hot return heat is pelletized mainly by rotation in a vertical plane and moistened, mainly with water, to a moisture content of 7-19%, while the pH of the water is 1-5 and / or 10-13.

In this case, before loading the mixed, moistened, pelletized components of the sinter charge, a bed layer is laid on the pallets of the sintering machine, and the sinter charge is loaded uniformly across the width of the pallets, with a sinter charge exceeding the height of the sinter charge layer by 15-45 mm above the lower edge of the bounce sheet, while the sinter machine is maintained equal to 200-240 mm, then the sintering of the sinter charge loaded on pallets of the sinter machine is carried out by igniting its upper layer with burners installed in the head of the machine, concluded bubbled into the furnace, the ignition agloshihty using a gas mixture consisting of natural gas and blast furnace in the ratio of 6: 1, the ratio of air flow and the gas mixture is maintained at 2.2: 1, and the surface temperature of the ignition agloshihty 1150-1250 ^o C, and the gas mixture is supplied to the ignition with a pressure of 250-450 mm of water.article, and when the pressure drops below 50 mm of water.article. the supply of the gas mixture to the burners of the incendiary furnace is stopped.

In this case, the vertical sintering speed of the sinter charge layer is controlled by changing the speed of movement of the pallets of the sintering machine, while the sintering is completed at the level of the penultimate vacuum chamber, and the speed of movement of the pallets is 1.0-7.5 m / min, and the temperature of the outgoing sintering gases before the exhauster at sintering support at least 60 ^o C, more hot sintered sinter cake is fed to the crushing, the upper limit of grinding fineness not more than 150 mm, and then emit from agglomerate particle size fraction of less than 12 m samobalansnogo by screening, with the additional screening fines from the agglomerate produce its repeated screening, during the emission of its hoppers shihtopodachi domain management.

 In this case, the agglomerate is cooled mainly by rotation in the horizontal plane, while the circulation of the cooler is carried out by forced and / or natural means, and the agglomerate is supplied and dispensed for cooling at equal speeds.

 At the same time, repair and preparatory work is carried out before the sintering machines stop, and the stop is mainly carried out by cutting off the gas mixture supply, the exhauster shutter is closed and the vacuum chamber gates are closed, the sinter feeders are turned off and the sintering machine is stopped, in addition, during repair Reconstruction works are made of replaceable metal structures, castings, equipment, tooling, containers, fences, and also carry out installation and construction of equipment, wiring, power and lighting power lines, and in addition carry out an audit of oxygen- and / or pipelines.

 The technical result provided by the above set of features, a group of inventions, consists in increasing the intensity and depth of desulfurization at the stage of blast furnace redistribution by optimally using the properties of rare-earth metals and strontium while increasing the strength and reducibility of the sinter and reducing fuel consumption, which positively affects the quality of cast iron, as well as smelted steels and alloys and the manufacturability of all metallurgical processes.

 The following are examples of the implementation of the methods according to the invention.

 Technological processes that implement the described methods begin with the delivery and placement of charge materials in the unloading and storage area. Burden materials contain the iron-containing part of the charge (concentrate, ore, blast furnace dust, hot and cold return, metallurgical waste), fluxes, mainly limestone, additives, fuel, mainly coal. Iron ore materials arrive by rail, fluxes from quarries also by rail, or, in the case of a close quarry location, by means of a conveyor, coal enters the coal preparation shop, and then is supplied to the coke oven. Raw materials arriving in wagons, except for coke, are unloaded into the hopper receptacles by a car dumper. Using overload cranes or stackers, stacks are formed at the material warehouse. In this case, physicochemical, metric and weight analysis of charge materials is performed.

 From the receiving hoppers, the charge materials are fed by feeders to the conveyor, and then, if necessary, to the crushing and screening department. Conveyors from the crushing and screening department or directly from the car dumper are fed with conveyors to the charge stackers. When moving the stacker, the charge material, poured from the cantilever conveyors, forms stacks with layered stacking. The materials from the stacks are picked up by the averaging machine using a harrow, which makes a reciprocating movement across the stack with the simultaneous movement of the averager to the stack. In the lower part of the averager, the sprinkled material falls onto the scraper conveyor, and from it onto the blade feeder.

 Next, at least a portion of the components of the charge materials (concentrate, ore, blast furnace dust, return, coke and limestone), after dosing and hanging, are mixed in a mixer until a homogeneous mixture is obtained, provided that the heat of hot return is uniformly distributed over the entire mass of this part of the charge ( sinter charge), which is pre-moistened, pelletized in a pelletizer, finally moistened, after which the moistened and pelletized sinter charge is loaded onto pallets of the sintering machine. In this case, a large fraction, used as bedding material (bed), is preliminarily screened from the charge. Then, the surface of the loaded sinter charge is smoothed and the charge laid on pallets is brought under the incinerator, which ignites the coke in the charge, and due to the continuous suction of air through the charge by the exhauster, it is sintered. The exhauster creates a vacuum under the working branch of the machine in the vacuum chambers, which ensures the removal of gaseous products of combustion into the atmosphere through a chimney or trap. In the gas collector section between the machine and the exhauster, the combustion products are cleaned from dust and spillage of the charge and agglomerate in the gas cleaning device, the latter are subsequently disposed of through return.

 A feature of the agglomeration process is the use of components containing rare earth metals and strontium in amounts of 0.001 as additives. ..0.7 wt.% And 0.005 ... 1.0 wt.%, Respectively. These components (materials) are introduced into the sinter charge, at least partially, at the stage of mixing iron ore concentrate, ore and additives. This allows to reduce the sulfur content in cast irons during their further smelting in a blast furnace using sinter obtained with the described technology features.

Hot sintered fluxed agglomerate with a temperature of 500 ... 1200 ^o C is subjected to crushing in a crusher and screening on a screen. The fine fraction is returned to the sinter bunker, and sinter with a particle size of more than 12 mm is considered suitable for further use in blast furnace smelting. The upper limit of crushing size is 150 mm.

 Next, the agglomerate is cooled in a cooler installed behind the roar of the hot agglomerate, or it is partially cooled on the tail of the agglomeration machine by blowing cold air from top to bottom through a layer of material. Returning fines are emitted from the cooled sinter on the screen, and the finished sinter is delivered to the blast furnace shop in special wagons (sinter trucks, hoppers) or conveyors.

 When preparing the sinter charge at negative temperatures, it is preheated before unloading, the working surface of the vehicles is treated with titanium-containing preparations before loading iron ore concentrate to reduce sticking.

 Upon delivery and unloading of the sinter charge components, fluxes, including lime of own production, are fed into the ore trench and turned over to a concentrate or sinter ore, in a ratio of 1 to at least 20, while the atom of the flux is subjected to crushing and subsequent screening so that they do not contain less than 93% of the fraction, less than 3 mm, for the entire volume of fluxes entering the sinter charge. As additives to sinter charge, metal screening is used for the production of ferrovanadium and powder, mainly ferrous powders alloyed with chromium and nickel, or sludge from these plants, or both, and these additives are introduced in an amount of 50-60 kg / t of sinter. Before feeding into the sinter charge, the sludge is treated with a solution based on limestone (for example, from waste in the production of lime). At a particular metallurgical plant, for which the described technology is described, limestones of the Barsukovsky deposit, dolomites of the Dankovsky, Shchelkovsky and Livnensky deposits or lime of Obidim production in the amount of 40 ... 100 kg / ton of sinter are used. In this way, the fine-impurity composition of the agglomerate is regulated, while coke breeze of its own or third-party by-product coke production is added.

 Solid fuel is also crushed (coke breeze, anthracite bar and coke screening), while obtaining from a fraction of less than 25 ... 30 mm a fraction of less than 3 mm, which should be at least 95% of the total mass of solid fuel.

 Some features has a return feed. When preparing the sinter charge, the return is served in two stages: first, a cold secondary return together with iron ore concentrate and ore averaged in the ore yard during storage (this secondary return is highlighted when the sinter is re-screened before loading into the blast furnaces), in the second stage, the primary hot return is added ( it is obtained by screening hot agglomerate immediately after sintering). The total amount of return is 18 ... 42 wt.% Of the mass of sinter charge, and the amount of hot return is 23 ... 38 wt.% Of the total amount.

 Sintering components are dosed before mixing, first loading hoppers of the charge section of the sintering plant uniformly and at least 2/3 of their capacity (when loading under negative temperatures, the walls of the bins are heated, for example, using the heat of spent heat carriers), and when the components are discharged from the bins they are dosed by changing the positions of the locking devices of the bins, or the rotation speed, or the oscillation frequency of the feeders (depending on the design of the feeder). Each emptying of the hopper is carried out no more than 1/3 of their capacity.

 Mixing the components of the sinter charge itself is carried out in a horizontal or vertical plane, while supplying a hot return of the fraction with a particle size of less than 10 ... 12 mm, and the mixture is moistened by irrigation to a moisture content of 4 ... 6%.

 With further pelletizing, mainly by rotation in a vertical plane, the mixture is additionally moistened to a moisture content of 7 ... 9%, while the pH of the water is 1 ... 5 or 10 ... 13.

 Sinter charge is loaded onto pallets uniformly in width, the sinter charge should protrude 15 ... 45 mm above the lower edge of the reflection sheet, and the thickness of the sinter charge is maintained within 200 ... 240 mm.

 When igniting the sinter charge, a gas mixture is used consisting of blast furnace and natural gases taken in a ratio of 6: 1, while the ratio of air flow to the gas mixture is maintained as 2.2: 1.

The temperature of the ignition surface of the sinter charge is 1150 ... 1250 ^o C. The gas mixture is fed to the ignition with a pressure of 250 ... 430 mm water column. If the pressure drops below 50 mmHg, the gas mixture to the burners of the incendiary furnace is stopped.

By adjusting the speed of movement of the pallets, you can adjust the vertical sintering speed of the sinter charge layer, the sintering process is completed at the level of the penultimate vacuum chamber. Sintering pallets move at a speed of 1.0. ..7.5 m / min. The temperature of the exhaust gases before the exhauster during sintering is maintained at least 60 ^o C.

 When stopping the agglomeration machines for repairs or in case of technology violations, the gas mixture is first cut off, the exhauster shutter is closed, the vacuum chamber gates are closed, the sinter charge feeders and the drive of the pallet moving mechanism are turned off. All preparatory work can be carried out before the sintering machines stop.

 Repair and restoration work consists in the manufacture of replaceable metal structures, if necessary, as well as other equipment elements, including cast parts, tooling, containers, construction and installation equipment, in the layout of power and lighting power lines, and in the revision of oxygen and gas pipelines.

 At the stage of the blast furnace redistribution, the charge materials arrive at the bunker overpass of the blast furnace shop in cars and / or are conveyed directly from the ore yard, as well as from the sinter plant and from the coke production. In the latter case, coke is transferred by a coke transfer car to coke bins located directly at the skip pit. Ore materials, finished concentrate, fluxes are transferred from the stacks of the ore yard with a grab to the ore transfer car moving to the bunker overpass and unloaded into the bunkers.

 In this case, averaging of charge materials is carried out in one stack, conditionally divided in the transverse direction into two equal halves, which are formed and used alternately, taking materials by steps from top to bottom from constant discharge fronts.

 From the bunkers of the bunker overpass, charge materials are fed to the skip lift, to the top and to the blast furnace. In this case, it is possible to use a two-pocket scale car (the capacity of each pocket is equal to the capacity of the skip), into which the charge materials are loaded from the bunkers using drum locks in accordance with the blast furnace loading program. A scale car serves charge materials to the skip pit and is unloaded into the skip through a funnel.

 It is also possible continuous distribution of charge materials in ore bunkers using reversible conveyors with unloading trolleys. The shutters of the bunkers are screens that screen out the small change, and a large fraction is given to another conveyor. Each blast furnace has two conveyors located symmetrically relative to the axis of the elevator. To direct materials from the conveyor to either of the two funnel weights, a rotary tray is used. From the hopper weights having a skip capacity, the materials are dispensed into the skip.

 In the coke supply line after loading coke bins from a coke transfer car or conveyor with an unloading trolley, a scale funnel (its capacity is equal to the capacity of the skip) is used, where large coke enters from the neck of the bunker through the screen. Then, in accordance with the blast furnace loading program, coke is fed to the skip.

 All charge materials are fed to the top of the blast furnace with a skip hoist or inclined conveyor. Two parallel tracks are laid on the skip lift bridge for moving two skips. In extreme positions, one skip is in the skip pit (under loading) and the second is at the top, on the unloading curves of the bridge. Skips are moved by a winch. From the skip during its movement along the discharge curves, the material is unloaded into the receiving hopper of the loading device and falls on the small cone of the rotating funnel of the charge distributor. The capacity of the funnel usually corresponds to the capacity of the skip. When lowering the small cone, the mixture enters the charging apparatus, which consists of a gas shutter, a bowl and a large cone. After feeding set (usually in the volume of four skips) a large cone is lowered, and the charge is loaded into a blast furnace. Maneuvering with the cones of the loading device is carried out by a winch, by means of ropes connected with cone rods through lever balancers and rods.

 Hot air and oxygen are blown into the blast furnace through an annular air duct, while natural gas and other fuels are blown through tuyeres located around the circumference of the furnace. Blast furnace gas is diverted through gas pipelines to the purification devices.

 Smelted pig iron from a blast furnace is periodically released through a cast iron notch and sent through troughs to the ladles of cast iron trucks. Liquid cast iron in ladles is fed to a casting machine to produce solid cast iron in ingots, or to a mixer. The separation of pig iron and slag takes place in the expanded part of the main trough, from where the slag (top layer) is sent to the slag side of the foundry yard through the trough, and cast iron is sent to the cast iron ladles along the other trough. Slag can also flow through pouring trenches directly to the sinter granulation units, or be poured into slag carrier bowls, and then fed to the granulation units.

 A feature of the method at this stage of the technology is that, according to the invention, in the smelting of cast iron, including rare-earth metals and strontium are used.

On a blast furnace with a volume of 2000 m ³ , K.I.P.O. makes 0,544 m ³ days / t, experimental swimming trunks were carried out. Charge materials consisted of iron ore materials, which were used fluxed agglomerate in the amount of 96.8% and ore 3.2%, solid fuel, limestone and metal additives. The charge of charge materials per ton of pig iron was respectively: iron ore materials - 1905 kg / t of pig iron, dry coke (solid fuel) - 549 kg / t of cast iron, limestone - 13 kg / t of cast iron, metal additives - 5 kg / t of cast iron. The blast was supplied, the parameters of which were: flow rate of 1405 m ³ / t of pig iron, pressure (excess) - 2.75 atm, temperature 1139 ^o C, oxygen content - 25.9%, as well as natural gas, the flow rate of which was 89 m ³ / t of cast iron.

The blast furnace gas generated during melting had the following parameters: temperature 248 ^o C, pressure (excess) - 1.48 atm, composition%: CO ₂ - 16.4; CO 27.7; H ₂ - 7.54.

 Partially in the composition of the fluxed agglomerate and partly in the composition of the solid fuel indium and strontium were introduced in the amounts shown in the table (see the table at the end of the description).

Cast iron of the following composition was obtained: Si — 0.53%, Mn — 0.27%, S — 0.003%, P — 0.05%, C — 3.4%, and slag of the following composition: CaO — 40.3%, MgO - 8.1%, SiO ₂ - 39.0%, Al ₂ O ₃ - 9.4%, slag basicity - CaO / SiO ₂ - 1.03. The given specific examples do not exhaust all the possibilities, since rare-earth metals and strontium can be introduced into the composition of charge materials in the form of oxide-containing compositions.

 When loading charge materials from hoppers into a blast furnace, they are recruited separately for each feed, moreover, homogeneous materials from several hoppers when loading with a weighing car are dispensed into each separate feed from one hopper, and when loading by a conveyor, from several hoppers simultaneously (to different sections of the conveyor ) Before filling the weighing funnel, the conveyor is slowed down. When recruiting coke and agglomerate into a weight funnel, they are screened with screening of fines, substandard fractions. By changing the height of the layer and the speed of movement of the material on the screen, you can adjust the quality of the sinter. In this case, the screen is periodically cleaned in idle mode.

In the process of filling the charge materials into the blast furnace, their level and uniformity of distribution over the furnace cross section is controlled by turning the funnel of the distributor with charge materials: at each subsequent supply, the funnel is turned at an angle of 30-90 ^o , alternating clockwise and counterclockwise rotation directions at angles less and more than 180 ^o . Additional charge materials (metal additives) are loaded into the furnace periodically and alternately, alternating the supply of different additives, while additives in the form of scale, including oily, are loaded in portions of 0.5 skip after 2.5-3 hours, alternating with 2- x skip coke. Organic additives are also added to the high temperature zone of the blast furnace as additives. It is advisable to make them in containers melting at a temperature of at least 1500 ^o C. Plastics or plastic waste in the amount of not less than 45-100 kg / t of pig iron can also be used as additional fuel.

 Screened coke with a fraction of up to 5 mm, gas coal in an amount of 40-70 kg / t of pig iron are introduced into the ore ridge of the charge materials loaded into the blast furnace, and screening of ferrovanadium production of fractions of 5-100 mm in an amount of 20-30 kg / t is added with metal additives cast iron and oily scale in an amount of up to 100 kg / t of cast iron. By using coke of a certain quality (of a certain production), it is possible to regulate the fine impurity composition of cast iron.

 The bunkers of the blast furnace shop are filled with a uniform load of each bunker at least 2/3 of its capacity, at negative temperatures and high humidity, the bunker charge materials are preheated. In this case, waste heat carriers can be used.

 Cast iron is smelted using hot blast supplied under overpressure.

 The production of finished cast iron and the resulting slag is carried out in cast iron and slag carriers previously prepared and submitted to the production railroad tracks, after opening the notch and directing along the inclined channel in it and along stationary or moving gutters with drain socks of molten iron or slag, respectively, to cast iron trucks and to slag carriers or direct slag granulation of slag. After releasing the furnace hearth, the notch is clogged with a refractory mass, the gutters are cleaned of the remains of cast iron and slag and prepared for the next releases.

 Cast iron trucks are sent to the next redistribution, in steelmaking workshops, or by tipping, cast iron in them is poured into ingots by sending it to the receiving troughs and then to the trapezoidal molds of the inclined conveyor of the casting machines. The molds are pre-treated with lime mortar and dried, those molds that are in the upper part of the casting conveyor are cooled with a refrigerant, the pig iron pigs weighing 7-48 kg are loaded into wagons or sent to the finished goods warehouse.

и

Весь перевод осуществляют в течение 10-12 часов, увеличивая рудную нагрузку в три этапа через каждые 3 часа на десятую часть; на первом этапе уменьшают расход кокса, на втором одновременно корректируют подачу рудной и коксовой частей, на третьем - доводят уровень рудной подачи до номинального (рабочего), при этом увеличивают общий перепад давления на 0,02 атм через каждые 2 часа, а основность шихтовых материалов увеличивают на каждом этапе на 0,03, поддерживая содержание кремния на 0,2-0,3 выше средних значений.When transferring blast furnaces from smelting one grade of cast iron to another, the furnace runs smoothly, while 5 to 10 blank feeds are loaded into the furnace in a row, the furnace is washed with special charge materials, then the ore galosh is reduced by 15-20 wt.%, And the coke consumption increase by 20-30 wt.%, gradually reduce the pressure drop by 0.1-0.3 atm, 0.5 atm for each hour. The basicity of the charge materials support within

and

The entire transfer is carried out within 10-12 hours, increasing the ore load in three stages every 3 hours by a tenth; at the first stage, the coke consumption is reduced, at the second, the supply of ore and coke parts is simultaneously adjusted, at the third, the ore supply is adjusted to the nominal (working) level, while the total pressure drop is increased by 0.02 atm every 2 hours, and the basicity of the charge materials increase at each stage by 0.03, maintaining the silicon content by 0.2-0.3 above average values.

 When translating, crushed and dried ferrosilicon is used as an additive, which is fed into a jet of liquid cast iron at the stage of its production when filling an iron truck from 1/4 to 2/3 of its volume. The silicon content as a result of the introduction of additives is increased by 0.4-0.8 wt.%.

 Repair and restoration work is carried out after the blast furnaces stop. For 15-20 minutes before stopping the furnace, the supply of components of the combined blasting and enrichment of the blasting oxygen is stopped, then immediately after the release of cast iron, all melting products are removed from the furnace. After cooling the furnace, the supply of blast is completely stopped, the condition of the furnace is analyzed, then the remains of unmelted charge materials are completely removed, and then, depending on the presence of detected damage, wear, etc. carry out the necessary repair work.

 Before starting the furnace carry out preparatory work. First, the position of the axis of the blast furnace is controlled, for which a plumb line is lowered from the center formed by strings stretched over several diameters of the top ring support flange. Next, the blast furnace is dried, charging charge materials are charged (in this case, the coke consumption in the first volume of blowing materials is calculated on the basis of obtaining 4.0-5.0 wt.% Silicon in the first cast iron), then the furnace is blown, and after stabilization her work is blowing, with the release of cast iron every 1-3 hours. At the same time, the gas pressure at the top is 10-20% lower than the working one.

 The disposal of by-products of blast furnace production involves a number of additional measures. So, upon receipt of coke, which consists in the fact that raw coal or a mixture of coals of coking grades is unloaded into the receiving hoppers of the coke production, physicochemical, weight and metric analyzes are carried out, coal charge materials are ground to a fraction of less than 3 mm, averaged and mixed and then they load coke ovens, level and tamp the surface of the mound, seal the furnaces, leaving the gas outlets open, then in the coke oven lined refractory chambers their contents are heated, and then Coking process, the hot coke cake is unloaded from previously opened coconut furnaces into the extinguishing cars, then, after wet or dry extinguishing, the coke is fed to the inclined ramp and / or overpass for sorting or directly to the bunkers of the blast furnace and the blast furnace and / or coke oven gas and / or or gas fuel mixture. These combustible materials (gases) are supplied from gas purifiers of blast furnace production and / or thermal power plants and / or other industries through pipelines, thereby disposing of them. Dirty coke oven gas emitted during heating (coking) of charge materials in coke ovens is transported through gas collecting and exhaust valves for use in chemical production after the required components have been extracted, or to a thermal power plant as additional fuel.

 Utilization of blast furnace and / or coke oven gas as a fuel at a thermal power plant mixed with natural gas and coal fuel allows increasing the generation of thermal energy and its transfer to the regional energy system. Electric or thermal energy, including waste, as well as heat carriers, including waste, of production can be used, after their transmission by means of conductive or heat-conducting or heat-exchange equipment to the main production facilities of the enterprise or to domestic needs or to agricultural facilities, for example, greenhouses.

 In the blast furnaces, pig-iron is produced by pig iron grades P1, and / or P2, and / or PL1, and / or PL2, and / or PF1, and / or PF2, and / or PF3, and / or high-quality grades PVK1 and / or PVK2, and / or PVK3, and / or foundry and foundry-synthetic grades L1, and / or L2, and / or L3, and / or L4, and / or L5, and / or L6, and / or LR1, and / or LR2 , and / or LR3, and / or LR4, and / or LR5, and / or LR6, and / or LR7.

 The low sulfur content pig iron obtained in the blast furnace is sent for processing in steel or ferroalloys to the steelmaking shops of a metallurgical enterprise, namely converter, open-hearth or electric steel smelters.

 Liquid iron is supplied to the converter and open-hearth workshops either directly from the blast furnace in mobile mixers, or from the intermediate mixing compartment, where it is aged in heated stationary mixers, in ladles of self-propelled cast iron trucks. Bulk charge materials, including ferroalloys, prepared at a specialized site, are delivered to the charge department by rail or road, unloaded into surface bunkers with subsequent delivery by vibrating feeders. The transfer of materials to consumable bins is carried out by an inclined conveyor path and mobile reversible conveyors. In this case, the physicochemical, metric and weight analysis of the charge components is preliminarily performed. When loading the converter, weight dispensers are used. The dosing and loading system provides the supply of suspended portions of various slag-forming materials during melting. Cast iron is poured into the converter through an intermediate casting bucket using casting taps. Scrap is supplied by scrap trucks along the overpass and loaded into the converter by loading machines. Oxygen is supplied to the converter via tuyeres.

Liquid iron, metal scrap (scrap), fluxes, iron ore and alloying additives are loaded into the open-hearth furnace. The technology for feeding liquid iron to the open-hearth workshop is similar to the technology for feeding it to the converter shop. Cold charge (bulk materials and scrap metal) from the charge compartments to open-hearth furnaces is served in tins with a capacity of 3.3 m ³ mounted on special trolleys. Compositions with magnetic and bulk materials are served separately on overpasses from the ends of the workshop building. Along the way, the carts are weighed.

 The proportion of liquid or solid cast iron in the open-hearth furnace charge ranges from 26 to 85%, depending on the composition of the remaining components of the charge. With a high content of scrap in the charge (scrap process), solid cast iron is used (26-45%), in scrap-ore process, liquid cast iron is used (45-80%). In the ore process, the metal part of the charge consists almost entirely of molten iron (85% and above).

 The fuel used is blast furnace or coke oven gas, as well as natural gas. After filling the furnace and heating the mixture, pour molten iron, then the process of melting and blowing the mixture due to heat from the radiation of the flame of combusted fuel, the roof and walls of the furnace. After a few hours, the finished steel is discharged into casting ladles, and slag into slag ladles, which are then transported to slag carriers. From casting ladles, liquid steel is poured into ingots according to the molds installed on the composition of the trolleys, which are then cooled and stripped.

 For the production of high-quality steel in electric furnaces, steel scrap, alloyed metal waste, metallized pellets, sponge iron, pig iron in the form of solid waste, slag-forming, carburizing materials, alloying additives and deoxidizers are used. The charge is melted due to the thermal effect of the electric arc arising between the electrodes and / or in the melting charge. The supply of the components of the charge and casting of finished steel is carried out similarly as previously described for converters and open-hearth furnaces (except for pouring liquid cast iron).

 A feature of steelmaking technology in all types of workshops (furnaces) is the use of pig iron with a low sulfur content obtained in the previous processing. This allows you to get steel also with a low sulfur content and, therefore, with improved properties.

 This feature is ensured by the fact that according to the invention, rare-earth metals and strontium are also used in the smelting of pig iron, which are at least partially introduced into charge materials, at the same time as the introduction of fluxed sinter and / or its composition, in an amount of 0.001. ..0.7 wt.% Of rare earth metals and 0.01 ... 1.0 wt.% Of strontium, and also at least partially introduced when solid fuel is loaded into a blast furnace, including coke, and / or composition, in amounts ranging from 10 to 30% strontium and from 75 to 90% of rare earth metals of their total mass introduced into charge materials with fluxed agglomerate, while rare earth metals and strontium are at least partially introduced into the composition of charge materials in the form metal-containing and oxide-containing compositions.

 The low sulfur content allows, as already mentioned, to avoid or, in any case, reduce the harmful effect of this element on the most various properties of steel (toughness, toughness, red cracking, heat resistance, heat resistance, creep, etc.), which is especially important for high-quality and high quality steels. Since a significant part of the sulfur is introduced into the steel with cast iron, the problem of reducing the sulfur content at the stage of blast furnace redistribution is relevant, and it is solved in this invention.

 The sequence of technological operations in steelmaking workshops is as follows.

 Before filling the charge materials into the open-hearth furnaces, the metal and slag residues are completely or partially removed from them, then the defects in the lining of the walls, slopes and hearths of the furnaces that have arisen during operation are eliminated, filling the defective areas with a crushed and fired mixture of refractory materials (magnesite, dolomite, scale, open-hearth slag ) The furnaces are heated, after which the components of the charge are heaped up. Pre-cut or arranged or briquetted or packaged or averaged solid materials (scrap, ore or other metal-containing or metallic materials, fluxes, solid cast iron) are collected in a moldyard in molds, trains with molds are fed into a charge chamber of the workshop, from which they are transferred via exit routes in stove spans on the way in front of the stoves. Then the charge is heaped up on the hearths of the furnaces, heated by blowing gas-fuel or oxidizing mixtures, or heat-transfer products from other bathtubs of furnaces are used for heating (this last process is reversible depending on the temperature difference in the nozzles of the regenerators). Heated and softened charge materials are poured with molten iron. The purge of molten material in the bathtubs of the furnaces is carried out by blasting, which may be heated, combined or enriched with an oxidizing agent. Smelted steel is refined, samples are taken, adjusted to the required composition and released into ladles standing on production paths or stands of the casting span. Using stoppers, the steel from the ladles is poured into the molds or into the intermediate ladles or into the ladles of the continuous casting unit.

 In the converter shop, sorted and cut scrap in the compartment of magnetic and bulk materials is collected into scoops, bulk ore and fluxing materials, as well as additives are unloaded into receiving hoppers and fed by conveyors to the converter compartment. After filling the scrap and bulk materials into the converter, the cast iron fed from the mixer section or from the blast furnace shop is filled. Then the converter is purged with oxygen or combined blasting, or with a fuel or flux mixture, or with neutral gases, or protective reagents. The purge is carried out from above or from below, or simultaneously from above and from below. Finished steel after temperature adjustment is released from the converter into the ladles. Slag is poured into separate ladles. Ladles with metal are transported to the casting site, where they are poured in the manner described above.

In electric furnaces, preparation before loading is carried out in a similar way, that is, removing residual metal and slag and eliminating defects that have arisen in the lining of the heights and slopes. In this case, the defective places are filled pneumatically or manually with dry fine-grained refractory powder. As a binder, resin or pitch or liquid glass are used. After loading the charge materials (it is desirable to heat the scrap to 800-900 ^o C before loading), which is carried out with alternating scrap of various sizes and pre-forming a bed on the hearth of the furnace, the electrodes are lowered through the arch of the furnace and the current is turned on, then the electrodes are gradually moved downward, maintaining a constant arc length. The melting process can be forced by turning the furnaces at angles of ± 40 ^o or an additional combined blast. When melting in a furnace, fluxes and / or iron ore additives are added. Then metal samples are taken, downloaded by tilting the furnaces, with the current turned on, slag into slag carriers.

 Previously, after purging, the metal is deoxidized in the furnace with deoxidizing agents or alloyed with additives.

 Extra-furnace refining of the metal is also envisaged, with the final oxidation of silicon-silicon and / or aluminum-containing additives. Spilled steel in ladles or in a stream is evacuated or blown in the ladles with inert gases or reducing gases or gas-powder mixtures, or they treat steel with synthetic slags or materials, solid or liquid.

 In the case of using cast steel for further continuous casting, it is sent to the mold through intermediate ladles. The lower part (or bottom) of the mold is formed by a seed, the cross section of which is equal to the cross section of the cast billets. The workpiece is pulled from the primary cooling zone or mold continuously at a speed of 0.5-8 m / min. Then the billet is fed into the secondary cooling zone, where it is cooled by a stream of refrigerant (water) directed directly to the surface of the billets. The workpiece during its movement in the process of drawing is supported by rollers or bars. Formed blanks are pulled, cut to the required lengths on the go, i.e. with simultaneous movement together with the grinding of the cutting device and its subsequent return to its original position. Then the cut blanks are turned over and sent for further processing or to the warehouse.

In the process of out-of-furnace treatment, liquid metal is fed from a converter or furnace through a metal receiver heated to 800–900 ^° C to the spraying zone of the spraying chamber, in the form of a metered jet, and a stream of water or a gas with a high velocity head is also fed there. In addition, the metal is affected by an annular flow of energy generated by nozzles spanning a stream of metal. At the point of convergence of the jets (spray focus), the jet is destroyed with the separation of individual drops, the dispersed metal is deposited in the lower part of the chamber, which is filled to a certain level with a refrigerant. The powder formed during cooling is dried in a muffle furnace, or in a vacuum dryer, or in a rotary dryer in a nitrogen atmosphere. Dried specs are crushed, divided into fractions, while the coarse fraction goes to remelting, and the suitable fractions of different melts are mixed to the desired composition and consistency in the mixer and packaged for shipment. To obtain powdered metal mixtures, soluble metal compounds are used as raw materials, which are subsequently subjected to electrolysis.

 Powder alloys, or consumable electrodes, or non-compact materials, or metal wastes, in particular non-ferrous metals, can be used as charge materials in electroslag processing. They are subjected to electroslag remelting and refining.

 In steelmaking workshops, carbon and / or carbon high-quality and / or low alloy steels are smelted, including reinforcing and / or alloyed, including structural, and / or bearing, and / or spring, and / or high-strength, and / or corrosion-resistant, and / or heat-resistant, and / or heat-resistant, and / or tool, including high-speed, and / or stamped, including for cold deformation, and / or for hot deformation, including for rolling rolls .

 Steel ingots or billets of high quality obtained by the steelmaking process are transferred to the rolling process.

 A feature of the technological process at this redistribution is that steel with a low sulfur content, in turn, obtained using cast iron with a low sulfur content, is used in order to obtain a wide or range of rolled products of a wide range, which is achieved according to the invention by the fact that at the stage of blast furnace redistribution during smelting cast iron is used including rare earth metals and strontium, which are at least partially introduced into the charge materials simultaneously with the introduction of fluxed agglomerate and / Whether in its composition, in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% rare earth metals, and 0.01. ..1.0 wt.% Strontium, as well as at least partially introduced when loading solid fuel into the blast furnace, including coke or in its composition, in amounts ranging from 10 to 30% strontium and from 75 to 90% rare earth metals from their total mass introduced into charge materials with fluxed agglomerate, while rare-earth metals and strontium are at least partially introduced into the charge materials in the form of metal-containing and oxide-containing compositions.

 Improving the quality of the steel from which the rolled metal is made makes it possible to improve the properties of the rolled metal itself and its operational characteristics. This is the technical result of this invention.

 At this stage of metallurgical production, the following products are obtained.

 On broadband hot rolling mills, strip rolling and sheets with a thickness of 1-1.2 to 12-16 mm and a width of up to 1850-2150 mm are produced, on plate mills produce sheets of a thickness of 4-380 and a width of 500-5000 mm, on rail-beam mills produce rails weighing 50-75 kg / m and / or beams up to 600 mm high, on beam mills produce wide-shelf beams up to 1000-1100 mm high and shelf widths 400-490 mm, on large-section mills produce I-beams 80-600 mm high and / or channels with a height of 80-450 mm, and / or T-steel with a height of 100-400 mm, and / or corner profiles with a width the second shelf 90-250 mm, and / or rails weighing 8-75 kg / m, and / or a circle with a diameter of 50-250 mm, and / or strip profiles with a width of 75-200 mm, on medium-grade mills produce I-beams with a height of 80-300 mm and / or channels with a height of 40-300 mm, and / or T-steel with a height of 30-120 mm, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width of 40-120 mm, and / or rails weighing 6-24 kg / m, and / or a circle with a diameter of 30-120 mm, and / or strip profiles with a width of 40-120 mm, on small sections mills produce channels with a height of 30-65 mm, and / or T-bars with a height of 20-60 mm, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width of 20 -60 mm, and / or a circle with a diameter of 8 -40 mm, including reinforcement, and / or strip profiles with a width of 20-50 mm, wire rod produces a wire rod with a diameter of 5-12.7 mm, on sheet cold rolling mills produce sheets with a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of up to 2000 mm and / or tapes with a thickness of 0.0015 mm and a width of up to 1000 mm, and / or tin with a thickness of 0.07 mm and a width of 1300 mm, bent profiles with a wall thickness of 0.1-20 mm are produced on roll forming mills and profile perimeter 10-2000 mm, on the mills for rolling special products produce periodic profiles, and / or short bodies of revolution, and / or profiles with wines surface, including fittings, and / or gears, and / or rings, and / or balls, and / or precision shaped profiles, produce hot-rolled seamless pipes with a diameter of 16 to 1000 mm on pipe-rolling units, including on units with automatic pipe machines with a diameter: on small - up to 150 mm, on medium - up to 250 mm, on large - up to 426 mm, on units with a pilgrim mill: on small - with a diameter up to 114 mm and a minimum wall thickness of 2.5-4.0 mm, on medium - 114-325 mm and 5-6 mm, respectively, on large - up to 700 mm and 6-10 mm, on aggregates with a continuous mill: with a meter of 16-170 mm with a wall thickness of 2-25 mm, on units with a three-roll rolling mill, with a diameter of 40-200 mm with a wall thickness of 0.25-0.09 diameter, longitudinally welded pipes with a diameter of 6-530 mm and / or spiral-seam pipes with a diameter of 426-2500 mm, on cold rolling mills produce pipes with a diameter of 4-450 mm with a wall thickness of 0.1-40.0 mm, on pipe mills produce pipes with a diameter of 0.2-1000 mm, with a thickness walls 0.015-50 mm.

 Below are given in more detail some technological aspects of the method.

At the first stage, the ingots are rolled on blooming mills (blooms or slabs) into blooms or slabs. Preliminarily, the ingots are heated in heating wells to a temperature of 110-1300 ^o C, then served by ingot trucks or transfer trolleys to the crimping mill. At the receiving section, the ingots are weighed and, if necessary, deployed at an angle of 180 ^o . Then blooms are rolled in horizontal, and slabs are rolled in horizontal and vertical rolls of the crimping stand (horizontal rolls have an individual drive with flexible adjustment of its rotation frequency, and vertical rolls have a common drive through gears). After rolling, blooms and slabs are peeled, mainly by fire stripping or mechanically, removing surface defects, substandard front and rear ends (corresponding to the profitable and bottom part of the ingot) are cut, cut to measured lengths, weighed, branded, stacked, cooled or sent for subsequent rolling to blank or plate or broadband hot rolling mill. Waste in the form of dross, trimmings, nedokatov sent for recycling or disposal.

Slabs are the initial product for the production of sheet metal, and blooms are for the production of long products. To produce a thick sheet, slabs are heated in metal furnaces and, after removal of the furnace scale, they are fed to a reversing stand with vertical rolls, then to a reversing horizontal quarto stand. It is possible to roll a thick sheet directly from ingots or continuously cast slabs, in which case they are heated before rolling in heating wells or moving hearth furnaces. It is possible to turn the slabs between the passes by 90 ^o to increase the width, which is carried out on a conical roller table. After rolling a thick sheet to the required thickness (with periodic crimping of the edges), air scale is removed by means of a hydraulic breakdown, then the sheets are stacked and transported to the cooling, cutting, dressing, heat treatment areas, including rolling heating, stripping, marking, branding, marking, weighing sorting, after which they are stored or shipped to the consumer.

 Sheet metal is produced on broadband hot rolling mills. The slabs, which are the initial product, come from the warehouse of the crimping workshop and are heated in methodical furnaces, mainly with walking beams. Then, heated slabs are fed along the live rolls to the roughing group of stands, including universal quarto stands, and before this group in descalers with vertical and horizontal rollers, furnace scale is removed from the slabs. After rolling in the roughing group of stands and additional cleaning from the air scale, the reel enters the finishing, mainly continuous group of quarto stands, where it is rolled to the desired size. At the exit from the mill, the rolled sheet (strip) is cooled by choking devices on the rolling table and wound into rolls, which are then removed from the coilers and sent either to further cold rolling with preliminary etching or to a warehouse.

 Cold rolling of a thin sheet, tape, sheet metal and other types of rolled products is carried out from a strip obtained on a broadband hot rolling mill. After etching and descaling in an acid or alkali solution, washing, drying and transferring in rolls to the cold rolling workshop, the strip is rolled on a continuous multi-strand or reversed one equipped with high rigidity stands, i.e. quarto, or six-roll, or twelve-roll, or twenty-roll. The obtained strips, tapes, tin and other cold-rolled sheet products are subjected to heat treatment in units of continuous or periodic action, then they are trained, cut in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, sorted, and packaged. If necessary, metal or non-metallic protective coatings may be applied to the surface of the sheet products.

 A separate place in the assortment of sheet products is occupied by strips intended for further production of spiral-seam pipes from them.

Variety profiles of the above assortment are made from blooms. Blooms are preliminarily rolled on a continuous billet mill into preforms of a predominantly square cross section, and then transferred for heating to a temperature of 1180-1280 ^o C and then rolled to section rolling workshops, where high-quality, medium-grade and small-grade, as well as wire mills produce high-quality profiles in wide assortment indicated above. Rolling is completed at a temperature of 850-900 ^o C. To prevent the curvature of asymmetric profiles when cooling, for example, rails, they are pre-bent to the bottom of the profile during rolling.

 A separate area is the production of pipes in specialized workshops. Pipes are produced by rolling ingots or billets in a hot and then cold state, as well as by welding sheet billets with a direct or spiral seam, or by pressing.

 As a special technological operation upon receipt of pipes, including especially thin-walled (with a wall thickness from 0.015 mm) and increased length (up to 50 m and more), pipe drawing on pipe-drawing mills is used. When drawing pipes, it is possible not only to decrease, but also to increase their diameter (distribution), as well as reduce the diameter of the pipes without changing the wall thickness (reduction). In this regard, the range (assortment) of pipes obtained by drawing is very wide.

 Before feeding the rolled or pressed billets into the drawing mill, they are subjected to heat treatment, then they are cleaned of scale, the front end (head) of the gripping pipe is formed, the pipe surface is prepared to hold the grease (for example, a lubricating layer is applied). After drawing, the pipes are subjected to heat treatment, they are straightened, ground, polished, and protective metal or non-metallic coatings are applied to them.

 Rolling of wire rod can be carried out in an endless mode, for which the billets are heated and welded sequentially butt. It is preferable to equalize the temperature of the metal blanks.

 The resulting rolled products are then used as a finished product (rails, building profiles: reinforcement, including corrugated, beams, including I-beams and Ta-beams, as well as wide-shelf, angles, channels, pipes), or sent for further processing to machine-building production to obtain consumer products.

 A feature of this last redistribution is that they use higher-quality rolled products, since it is made of high-quality steel pains due to the use of higher-quality cast iron. This is achieved according to the invention by the fact that at the stage of blast furnace redistribution, rare-earth metals and strontium are used in the smelting of pig iron, which are at least partially introduced into the charge materials simultaneously with the introduction of the fluxed sinter and / or in its composition in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% Of rare earth metals and 0.01 ... 1.0 wt.% Of strontium, and also at least partially introduced into charge materials when solid fuels, including coke, are loaded into blast furnaces and / or its composition, in amounts ranging from 10 to 30% re earth metals from their total mass, and from 75 to 90% strontium from its total mass, introduced into charge materials with fluxed agglomerate and / or rare earth metals and strontium, are at least partially introduced into the charge materials in the form of metal-containing and oxide-containing compositions .

 The use in the manufacturing process in consumer products manufactured by machine-building enterprises of higher quality rolled billets improves the performance of the products themselves, as well as their manufacturability, for example, stampability, ductility, etc. This is the technical result of this invention.

 As rolling blanks for the further manufacture of consumer products from them, sheets, strips, tin, thrips, high-quality round profiles, wire rod, wire are used.

 In the manufacture of a wide range of products, such operations as stamping, bending, forging, pressing, machining are used.

 In particular, forging is used using strikers or special tools, or in underlay dies, die forging in open or closed dies, extrusion or piercing in dies with split dies, on horizontal forging machines, flexible, pressing on rotary forging machines, electric upsetting ; rolling, pressing, cold stamping, including cutting and punching, bending, drawing, flanging, disembarking, chasing, extrusion; mechanical processing, including turning, drilling and reaming, countersinking, reaming, boring, broaching, milling, planing and chiselling, thread cutting, gear cutting, grinding, polishing, honing, sheving.

 Thus, the production of high-quality cast iron at the stage of blast furnace redistribution makes it possible to obtain steel, rolled metal and consumer products of higher quality, respectively, at the following redistribution. This is the technical result and the single inventive concept of the group of inventions, of which one is a whole with respect to the others, which are different parts of this whole.

Claims (39)

 1. The method of obtaining billets and products, including the production of sinter, cast iron, steel using sinter, blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production at a metallurgical enterprise, containing the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, their loading into sinter factory bunkers, obtaining fluxed sinter, loading of fluxed sinter into bunkers of the blast furnace shop, okat necks and metal additives, unloading solid fuel and feeding it to the bunkers of the blast furnace shop while analyzing its moisture content and fractional composition, loading charge materials from the bunkers into blast furnaces using a set of charge materials, recovering and melting charge materials by blowing atmospheric and / or combined blasting, production of pig iron and slag, gas purification, waste disposal, transfer of slag for further processing, and also, if necessary, repair and restoration work and / or transfer of a blast furnace to smelting another type of cast iron, then subsequent supply of cast iron for processing into steel and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces, supply of ore materials and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces preliminary physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis of charge materials, supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, filling and heating of charge materials in converters or open-hearth furnaces or electric furnaces, distribution of the loaded materials by blowing in converters or open-hearth furnaces or by electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, casting of melting products into ingots, waste disposal, and, if necessary, carrying out repair and restoration and preparatory work, followed by subsequent supply of ingots to processing into rolling shops for the production of billets and rolled products from steel by heating or heating ingots and / or billets before rolling, hot and / or cold rolling, cutting, dressing, heat treatment, removal of surface defects, and / or etching, and / or coating, sorting, marking, packaging, transportation and shipping for the further use of finished rails and / or building profiles, fittings, including corrugated, and / or beams, including I-beams and T-beams, and / or corners, and / or channels, and / or pipes, and / or for subsequent processing as blanks of sheets, and / or strips, and / or strips, and / or tin, and / or high-quality round profiles, and / or wire rod, for the manufacture of them means of stamping and / or bending, and / or forging, and / or pressing, and / or drawing, and / or welding, and / or machining of consumer products, with, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work on rolling, and / or forging and / or stamping and / or press and / or bending equipment, characterized in that, in addition to charge materials, upon receipt of pig iron rare earth metals are loaded into a blast furnace in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% and strontium in an amount of 0.01 ... 1.0 wt.%, which at at least partially loaded at the same time as the introduction of the fluxed agglomerate and / or in its composition, and at least partially loaded when loading solid fuel, including coke and / or in its composition, in an amount of 10 to 30% strontium and 75 up to 90% of rare earth metals of their total mass introduced into charge materials with fluxed agglomerate, while rare earth metals and strontium, at least partially, are loaded in the form of metal-containing and oxide-containing compositions.  2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the blast furnace is transferred from the smelting of pig iron to the smelting of cast iron or to the smelting of synthetic cast irons.  3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that in the steelmaking smelted steel carbon or low alloyed, including reinforcing, or alloyed, including structural, or bearing, or spring, or high strength, or corrosion resistant, or heat resistant, or heat-resistant, or tool, including high-speed or stamped, including for cold deformation or for hot deformation, including for rolling rolls.  4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that as rolling equipment using hot rolling mills, which produce strip rolling and sheets with a thickness of 1 - 1.2 to 12 - 16 mm and a width of 1850 - 2150 mm, plate mills on which sheets with a thickness of 4 - 380 and a width of 500 - 5000 mm are produced, rail-beam mills, on which rails weighing 50 - 75 kg / m and / or beams up to 600 mm high are produced, beam mills, on which wide-shelf beams are produced up to 1000 - 1100 mm and a shelf width of 400 - 490 mm, large-section mills on which I-beams are produced alky 80 to 600 mm high, and / or channels 80 to 450 mm high, and / or T-bars 100 to 400 mm high, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width of 90 to 250 mm, and / or rails weighing 8 - 75 kg / m, and / or a circle with a diameter of 50 - 250 mm, and / or strip profiles with a width of 75 - 200 mm, medium-grade mills that produce I-beams with a height of 80 - 300 mm, and / or channels with a height of 40 - 300 mm, and / or T-steel with a height of 30 - 120 mm, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width of 40 - 120 mm, and / or rails weighing 6 - 24 kg / m, and / or a circle with a diameter of 30 - 120 mm, and / or strip profiles with a width 40 - 120 mm, small section mills, n which produce channels with a height of 30 - 65 mm, and / or T-steel with a height of 20 - 60 mm, and / or corner profiles with a shelf width of 20 - 60 mm, and / or a circle with a diameter of 8 - 40 mm, including fittings, and / or strip profiles with a width of 20-60 mm, wire mills that produce wire rod with a diameter of 5-12.7 mm, cold-rolled sheet mills that produce sheets with a thickness of 0.15 mm and a width of up to 2000 mm, and / or tape thickness from 0.0015 mm and a width of up to 1000 mm, and / or tin with a thickness of 0.07 mm and a width of up to 1300 mm, roll forming mills that produce bent profiles with a thickness of with a wall of 0.1 - 20 mm and a profile perimeter of 10 - 2000 mm, mills for rolling special products that produce periodic profiles, and / or short bodies of revolution, and / or profiles with a helical surface, including reinforcement, and / or gears, and / or rings, and / or balls, and / or precision shaped profiles, tube-rolling units that produce hot-rolled seamless pipes with a diameter of 16 to 1000 mm, including units with an automatic machine, which produce pipes with a diameter of: on small - up to 150 mm, on medium - up to 250 mm, on large - up to 426 m m, units with a pilgrim mill, on which pipes are produced: on small pipes with a diameter of up to 114 mm and a minimum wall thickness of 2.5 - 4.0 mm, on medium pipes, respectively - 114 - 325 mm and 5 - 8 mm, on large pipes - up to 700 mm and 6 - 10 mm, aggregates with a continuous mill on which pipes are produced: diameter 16 - 170 mm with a wall thickness of 2 - 25 mm, aggregates with a three-roll rolling mill on which pipes are produced: diameter 40 - 200 mm with a wall thickness 0.25 - 0.09 diameters, pipe-welding units, on which straight-seam pipes with a diameter of 6 - 530 mm and / or spiral-seam t are produced loss with a diameter of 426 - 2500 mm, cold rolling mills of pipes that produce pipes with a diameter of 4 - 450 mm with a wall thickness of 0.1 - 40.0 mm, pipe-drawing mills that produce pipes with a diameter of 0.2 - 1000 mm with a wall thickness 0.015 - 50 mm.  5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the manufacture of consumer products from rolled billets is carried out by forging using strikers and / or special tools and / or in underlay dies, or stamping in open dies and / or in closed dies, and / or by extrusion and firmware, and / or in stamps with detachable dies, and / or on horizontal forging machines, and / or flexible, and / or pressing on rotary forging machines, and / or by electric upsetting, and / or rolling, and / or by pressing and / or cold stamping, including after cutting and punching, and / or flexible, and / or drawing, and / or flanging, and / or disembarking, and / or embossing, and / or extrusion, and / or mechanical processing, including turning and / or drilling and reaming, and / or reaming, and / or reaming, and / or boring, and / or broaching, and / or milling, and / or planing and chiselling, and / or thread cutting, and / or gear cutting, and / or grinding, and / or polishing and / or honing and / or shaving.  6. A method of obtaining billets and products, including the production of sinter, cast iron, steel using sinter, blast furnace, steelmaking and rolling production at a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, their loading into sinter factory bunkers, obtaining fluxed sinter, loading of fluxed sinter into bunkers of the blast furnace shop, okat necks and metal additives, unloading solid fuel and feeding it to the bunkers of the blast furnace shop while analyzing its moisture content and fractional composition, loading the charge materials from the bunkers into the blast furnaces using a set of charge materials, recovering and melting the charge materials by blowing atmospheric and / or combined blasting, production of pig iron and slag, gas purification, transfer of slag for subsequent processing, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration work and / or transfer of the house furnaces for smelting another type of cast iron, then subsequent supply of cast iron for processing in steel and / or ferroalloys to steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth or electric furnaces, feeding ore materials and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces with preliminary physicochemical, metric and weight analysis of charge materials, supply of fuel materials to converters or open-hearth furnaces, filling and heating of charge materials in converters or open-hearth furnaces, melting of loaded materials by means of blowing in converters or open-hearth furnaces or by electric current heating in electric furnaces, production of melting products, casting of melting products into ingots, waste disposal, as well as, if necessary, carrying out repair and restoration and preparatory work, then subsequent submission of the ingots for processing to rolling workshops for the manufacture of steel billets, sheet and long products, pipes, fittings and special types of rolled products by heating or heating ingots and / or billets before rolling, hot and / or cold rolling, cutting, dressing, heat treatment, removal of surface defects, and / or etching, and / or coating, sorting, marking, packaging, transportation, shipment, repair, restoration and preparatory work, if necessary, on rolling equipment, characterized in that, in addition to the charge materials, upon receipt of pig iron, rare-earth metals in the amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% and strontium in the amount of 0.01 ... 1.0 wt.%, which are at least partially load at the same time with fluxed agglomerate and / or in its composition, and at least partially, at loading solid fuel, including coke, and / or in its composition, in an amount of 10 to 30% strontium and 75 to 90% rare earth metals of their total mass introduced into charge materials with fluxed agglomerate, while rare earth metals and strontium are at least partially in the form of metal-containing and oxide-containing compositions.  7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the charge materials are delivered to the metallurgical plant mainly by rail, unloaded with the help of car tippers, then they are stored using overload cranes and / or stackers, then through overload cranes and / or charge pickups, and / or batch materials are delivered by carloads to the preparatory and then to the sintering department of the sinter plant, fine coke is fed there by conveyors and / or cars, the agglomerate is transported by belt conveyors to large coke is delivered to the receiving hoppers of the blast furnace overpass, to the other bunkers of the same overpass, large coke is fed by conveyors and / or wagons, then the charge materials are fed to the top of the blast furnace with a skip elevator and / or conveyor and into the furnace using a loading device, which forms during transportation the fines of sinter and / or pellets and / or coke, as well as the return of the sintering department of the sinter factory are separated and sent to the preparatory department of the sinter factory and / or partially disposed of at the TPP, the finished cast iron in the cast iron ladles carriers are transported to mixers in steelmaking shops and / or to casting machines to produce commercial pig iron, and blast furnace slag is processed in granulation units directly at the furnaces and / or transported in slag carriers for processing and utilization outside the blast furnace shop or enterprise, liquid cast iron is fed to to the working sites of steelmaking workshops and they are poured with steel cranes into steelmaking furnaces, the solid metal part of the charge is transported from the batch compartment there and loaded into the same furnaces , the resulting steel is poured into molds through steel casting ladles and / or fed to continuous casting machines, frozen ingots in the molds are fed to the stripping department, where the molds are removed, and on trolleys they are sent to a crimping rolling shop for heating in heating wells and rolling on blooming and / or slabbing into slabs and / or blooms, then rolled slabs and / or continuously cast slabs are heated and fed for further rolling to a broadband mill for producing stripes in rolls and / or to a plate mill to obtain a thick sheets of measured length, the rolled sheets are shipped for use and / or are made from them spiral-seam or longitudinally-welded pipes and / or welded wide-shelf beams, and / or transferred to the cold rolling workshop for the production of thin sheets and / or sheet metal and / or tape, with their heat treatment and / or surface coating, and blooms after fire stripping and cutting are rolled into large high-quality and / or pipe billets, which, after heating in heating furnaces, are fed to rail-beam and / or high-quality mills to obtain rails and / or beams , / or construction profiles: reinforcement, including corrugated, I-beams, and / or corners, and / or channels, as well as wire rod and / or strips, and / or seamless pipes from pipe billets, in addition, gases at the outlet of the blast furnace the furnaces are cleaned of dust and sent to the consumer, and the collected dust is fed to the preparatory department of the sintering sinter plant, the heated exhaust gases and / or water, and / or other waste heat carriers are disposed of in units for generating heat and / or electricity, including for internal technical and / or outdoor consumption, including at thermal power plants, carry out repair and restoration work of the mentioned vehicles and / or communications, while using automatic means of process control. 8. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the ingots are rolled into blooms and / or slabs, while the ingots are preheated before rolling in heating wells to a temperature of 1100 - 1300 ^o C, and fed to the receiving area at least by ingot carriers, wherein the ingots at the receiving station pre-weighed and deploying at least through an angle of 180 ^o, then at least ingots simultaneously fed to the cage rolls and / or stands, more ingots are rolled in a system of horizontal and / or vertical rolls, each of the horizontal rolls have at least an individual drive from the engines, with flexible adjustment of its rotation frequency, and the vertical rolls have at least one drive from the engine through a transmission system, then after rolling the resulting blooms and / or slabs are sent to surface cleaning areas, then to the areas of profitable and bottom parts removal and cutting to measured lengths, and after that the measured parts of the obtained blooms and / or slabs are fed to the cleaning sites where they are weighed, branded, stacked, cooled, o they are worked and / or at least additionally heated before subsequent processing and / or processing, and the waste products in the form of scale, trimmings, shortages are disposed of and / or processed, and slabs and / or ingots are heated in methodological furnaces and / or moving hearth furnaces, and / or heating wells, and after heating, they are fed predominantly via roller tables to at least a reversing stand with vertical rolls, while the side surfaces of the slabs and / or ingots are processed in the stands in several passes, in addition, the subsequent rolling is carried out in a horizontal horizontal stand of at least a quarto, with the possibility of turning the slabs 90 ^° to increase the width, then the broadened sheets are at least rotated 90 ^° again, mainly on the roller table with conical rollers and then rolled to the required sheet thickness, while the lateral edges of the sheet are periodically crimped in stands and / or stands with vertical rolls, and the final rolling is performed at least in the finishing stand and / or stand x quarto, moreover, furnace and air scale from the surfaces of the rolled sheets are removed with a jet and / or water jets directed at an angle to the surface of the sheets with an increased high-pressure head, the water being supplied at least periodically, after which the resulting sheets are at least laid in bags and transported transfer carriages-slappers to the areas of cooling, cutting, dressing, heat treatment, including without additional heating, while the surfaces of the sheets are mainly cleaned, marked, branded, marked comfort, weighed, sorted by orders, delivered to a warehouse and / or shipped by rail outside the enterprise, and before receiving sheet metal, slabs are heated at least in furnace furnaces with walking beams, then they are fed mainly by roller tables to a group of universal roughing stands at least a quarto, while at least one and / or two stands with vertical and horizontal rolls are installed in front of this group of universal stands, where scale is removed from the slabs, and removal of the eye they are carried out at least by hydraulic breakdown under a pressure of 14-16 MPa, and after rolling in the roughing group of stands, the resulting peals are transferred via intermediate roller tables to the finishing group of stands, in front of which the scale is destroyed by at least roller descalers and removed from the peeling surfaces by predominantly hydraulic breaking, and after release sheets obtained from the last finishing stand are cooled to 500 - 650 ^o C at least on roller conveyors, wound into rolls at the winding portions, wherein the rolls are taken from reels directed at the edges at least for further cold rolling or transfer to the finishing area for subsequent sheet processing, while before cold rolling, the rolls of sheets are sent to the pickling compartment, where the scale from the surfaces of the unwound sheets is removed in a solution and / or acid solutions and / or mixtures of acids and / or alkalis, and after etching, the sheet and / or sheets are washed and dried, wound into rolls and / or sent for rolling to a reversible single-cell mill and / or to a continuous multi-cell mill with quarto and / or eleven and / or twenty roll stands, after rolling, the sheet and / or sheets are sent to the surface finishing section of the obtained sheets, then to the heat treatment section of the sheet and / or sheets in continuous or batch heating units, after which the resulting sheet and / or sheets are trained , cut in the longitudinal and / or transverse direction, sorted, packaged, moreover, at least on the surface and / or surfaces and / or side edges of the sheet and / or sheets, metal and / or non-metallic are applied protective coatings. 9. The method according to p. 6, characterized in that the rails and / or beams, and / or channels and / or dowels, and / or tees, and / or double-tee, and / or shaped profiles are made from rolling blanks by rolling before by rolling the billets are heated to a temperature of 1180 - 1280 ^o C, and the rolling is completed at a temperature of 850 - 900 ^o C, and the rails are at least pre-bent to the bottom of the profile.  10. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the metal pipes are made by rolling ingots and / or billets in a hot and / or cold state, by welding and / or brazing sheet blanks, also metal pipes are pressed and / or pulled by drawing, and before feeding the rolled and / or pressed billets into the drawing mill and / or mills, they are pre-treated, then at least the surface of the billets is descaled and, in addition, the surface of the billets is prepared for fixing and holding applied of alcoholic materials and / or coatings, the pipe head is formed, and after that the workpieces are sent along a specific route in the drawing mill and / or mills, while the workpieces are subjected to heat treatment at least during and / or after crimping, and then they are straightened, ground, polished and / or metallic and / or non-metallic protective coatings are applied to the surface and / or surfaces of the resulting products.  11. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that the rolled products are manufactured in wire mills, while the preforms are preheated before rolling, and after delivery of the preforms from the heating units, at least the front ends of the preforms are welded by a docking machine to the rear ends of the rolled preforms, this, the temperature of the metal blanks before the first mill stand at least equalize.  12. A method of producing pig iron and steel using blast furnace and steelmaking at a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as the averaging of charge materials in the ore yard, their loading into the bunkers of the sinter plant, obtaining the fluxed sinter, loading into the bunkers of the blast furnace shop of the fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives, unloading solid fuel and feeding it into the bunkers of the blast furnace at the analysis of its moisture content and fractional composition, loading of charge materials from bins into blast furnaces by means of a set of charge materials, recovery and melting of charge materials by blowing atmospheric and / or combined blast furnaces into blast furnaces, production of pig iron and slag, gas purification, transfer slag for subsequent processing, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of a blast furnace to smelting another type of cast iron, then subsequent supply of cast iron and processing in steel and / or ferroalloys into steelmaking workshops containing converters, open-hearth furnaces or electric furnaces, the supply of ore materials and / or metal additives and scrap to these furnaces, with preliminary physico-chemical, metric and weight analysis of the charge materials of the furnaces, supply to the converters or open-hearth furnaces of fuel materials, filling and heating of charge materials in converters or open-hearth or electric furnaces, melting of loaded materials by blowing in converters or open-hearth furnaces by electric current heating in electric furnaces, the release of smelting products, casting of smelting and ingot products, waste disposal, as well as, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work, characterized in that rare earth metals are loaded into the blast furnace additionally with charge materials the amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% and strontium in the amount of 0.001 ... 1.0 wt.%, which are at least partially loaded simultaneously with the fluxed agglomerate and / or in its composition, and, at least partially loaded with solid fuel, including with coke, and / or in its composition, in an amount of 10 to 30% strontium and 75 to 90% of rare-earth metals of their total mass introduced into charge materials with fluxed sinter, while rare-earth metals and strontium are at least partially loaded in the form of metal-containing and oxide-containing compositions.  13. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that the filling of the charge materials is carried out in unheated or heated open-hearth furnaces, from which the remains of metal and slag are wholly or partially hit, and the formed and / or detected defects in the lining of the walls, slopes, the bottom are restored and / or fill with a crushed and fired mixture of refractory materials, for example, magnesite, and / or dolomite, and / or mill scale, and / or open-hearth slag, after which they are pre-cut, and / or arranged, and / or briquetted, and / or packaged, and / or averaged solid charge materials, at least scrap, ore, and / or metal-containing, and / or metal materials, fluxes and / or cast iron are collected in the charge yard in the molds, and trains with the molds are fed along the railway tracks to the charge opener, from which is passed along the exit routes into furnace spans on the paths leading in front of the open-hearth furnaces for filling them onto the hearths of the open-hearth furnaces, while the charge materials are periodically and / or continuously heated by blowing gas-fuel and / or oxidative mixtures and / or sludge in the furnace by transferring the combustion products from the second bathtubs of the furnaces, the gas-fuel mixture and / or blast and / or oxidizing agent being reversed at least depending on the temperature difference between the bottom and top of the regenerator nozzles, after which they are heated and / or warmed up, and / or softened charge materials in the furnaces are filled with molten iron, which is fed to the open-hearth workshop from the mixer compartment and / or overflow section, and / or the blast furnace workshop in ladle and / or mixer-type cast iron trucks, while casting iron into open-hearth furnaces pig iron trucks are removed from railway and / or rail trolleys by bridge cranes of the furnace span and poured into the furnace, preferably by means of troughs installed on the thresholds of the working windows of open-hearth furnaces, and the resulting slag is loaded into slag carriers for subsequent processing, then the molten metal in at least one from the bathtubs of the furnaces are blown with a blast and / or heated blast and / or a combined blast and / or a blast enriched with an oxidizing agent, refined, samples are taken, adjusted to obtain the required quality and released in one or more ladles equipped with dried stoppers, prepared and installed on setting paths and / or stands for casting spans of the open-hearth shop, and then steel from ladles is poured into molds mounted on mobile platforms and / or poured into intermediate ladles or ladles of continuous machines casting blanks or products.  14. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that before being fed to the converters, sorted and cut scrap into the compartment of magnetic and bulk materials is recruited and / or adjusted by weight in scoops, and bulk ore and / or fluxing materials, and / or additives are discharged into the receiving hoppers and fed to the converter compartment mainly by scrap carriers and / or conveyors, while molten iron is fed into the converter compartment by pig-iron trucks from the mixer compartment and / or the blast furnace and poured into casting ladles at overflow sections, then wasp filling scrap and bulk charge materials into the converters, pouring pig iron, blowing the metal in the converters with an oxidizing agent and / or combined blasting, and / or fuel and / or fluxing mixture and / or neutral gases, and / or protective reagents, and the metal in the converters are blown from above and / or below, after melting and adjusting the temperature of the metal, the finished steel of the required quality and slag are discharged from the converters into one or more ladles, which are transported to the casting site, where the steel from the ladles is poured in the form tzu, mounted on platforms and / or poured into tundishes or ladles continuous casting machine for billets or products. 15. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that before loading the charge materials into electric furnaces from the hot furnaces, all or part of the metal and slag residues are removed, and the lining defects of the hearths and / or slopes are filled pneumatically and / or manually with a dry, fine-grained, refractory powder, while resin and / or pitch and / or liquid glass are used as a binder for the refractory powder, then charge materials are introduced into the furnace, which include scrap, cast iron, fluxes, deoxidizers, metal additives and metal waste, metallized s pellets, sponge iron, alloying additives, wherein at least scrap before loading it into the furnace preheated to 800 - 900 ^o C, and the density of stacking the raw materials allow the use of scrap of various sizes, after loading charge materials into the furnace through the roof is lowered electrode or electrodes and include a current, and the length of the arcs between the electrodes and the charge materials is kept constant by moving the electrodes, further melting the charge materials in the furnaces is forced by the operation of the furnace transport at full power and / or by turning the furnaces through angles of ± 40 ^o , and / or blowing the combined blast, in addition, when melting in the furnace, fluxes and / or iron ore additives are added, and after melting all the charge materials, metal samples are taken and, without turning off the current , by tilting the furnaces, the slag is loaded into slag trucks, the metal in the furnaces is blown with blasting and / or an oxidizing agent, and after the purge is completed, the metal is deoxidized in the furnace before deoxidation and / or alloyed with additives, after which the metal from the furnaces is released into steel carriers and / or spill full-time buckets with the final metal deoxidation using iron-silicon and / or aluminum-containing additives, with additional refining of the metal outside the furnaces.  16. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that the obtained steel is poured into a ladle or ladles and vacuum treated and / or the steel is vacuumized and / or the steel in the ladles is blown with inert gases and / or reducing gases and / or gas-powder mixtures and / or treat the steel with synthetic slags and / or materials in solid and / or liquid form, the steel melt being poured from a ladle or ladles into an intermediate ladle and / or ladles, and from it or them are sent to one or several streams into mold, with the bottom or bottom of the crystal the isator is formed by seed with a cut-out or cut-outs, the cross-section of which is equal to the cross section of the cast billets, and the billet is pulled from the primary cooling zone and / or the mold continuously at a speed of 0.5-8 m / min, and then the drawn billet is fed into the secondary cooling zone, where the refrigerant is sent directly to the surface of the workpieces and while the workpieces are supported by rollers and / or bars and then the formed workpieces are pulled and then cut to measured and / or required lengths, We cut the cutting device during the period of cutting the workpieces to the measured and / or required lengths synchronously with the movement of the workpiece and then returning to the initial position, after which the cut measured and / or required parts of the workpieces are sent to tilters, from which they are sent for further processing and / or processing and / or to the finished goods warehouse. 17. The method according to p. 12, characterized in that the molten metal from the converter or steel furnace is supplied through a metal receiver installed in the spray chamber and heated to 800 - 900 ^° C to the spray zone in the form of a metered jet, simultaneously with the molten metal through the nozzle assembly in the spray zone is supplied with water and / or gas with a high velocity head in the form of a jet, while an annular energy stream created by nozzles covering the metal stream is directed to the flowing metal stream, and a spray focus is created at the point of convergence a process in which the metal stream is destroyed by separating individual droplets from it, then the dispersed metal from the spray zone is deposited in the lower part of the chamber filled to a certain level with a refrigerant, and then the resulting powder is dried in a muffle furnace or in a vacuum dryer or in a rotary dryer in nitrogen, then dried specs are crushed and the crushed powder is sieved with separation into fractions, while a large fraction is sent for remelting, and suitable products from various melts are mixed ivayut in a desired composition and consistency in a mixer and zatarivatsya to send, and to receive metallosmesey powder, as raw materials used are soluble metal compounds, which are further subjected to electrolytic treatment.  18. The method according to any one of paragraphs.15 to 17, characterized in that for the production of ingots and / or billets, powder ligatures and / or non-compact materials and / or consumable electrodes and / or metal wastes are used as charge materials in particular colored, which are subsequently subjected to electroslag processing and refined.  19. A method of producing pig iron using blast furnace production at a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery of charge materials, including iron ore, their preparation, including physicochemical, metric and weight analysis, as well as the averaging of charge materials in an ore yard, their loading into sinter bunkers , production of fluxed sinter, loading of fluxed sinter, pellets and metal additives into the bunkers of the blast furnace shop, unloading of solid fuel and its supply to the bunkers of the blast furnace, in passing analysis humidity of the fuel and its fractional composition, loading charge materials from hoppers into blast furnaces by means of a set of charge materials, recovering and melting charge materials by blowing atmospheric and / or combined blast furnaces into furnaces, exhausting pig iron and slag, gas treatment, transferring slag for subsequent processing and also, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work and / or transfer of a blast furnace to smelting another type of cast iron, characterized in that it is additionally with charge rare earth metals in an amount of 0.001 ... 0.7 wt.% and strontium in an amount of 0.01 ... 1.0 wt.%, which are at least partially loaded simultaneously with the introduction of fluxed agglomerate and / or in its composition, and at least partially, at loading solid fuel, including coke, and / or in its composition, in amounts of 10 to 30% strontium and 75 to 90% of rare earth metals, based on their total weight introduced into charge materials with fluxed sinter, while rare-earth metals and strontium minutes, at least in part is charged in the form of iron and okislosoderzhaschih compositions. 20. The method according to p. 19, characterized in that the loading from the bins into the blast furnace of the charge materials is carried out by a separate set of materials from the bins, while the homogeneous materials that are in several bins, give out when loading through a weighing car into each separate feed from one hopper, and when loading a conveyor a homogeneous agglomerate is dispensed simultaneously from several hoppers, while the speed of the conveyor is slowed down before the end of a set of charge materials in a weight funnel, and a set of coke and agglomerate in weight funnels is produced by screening with screening of fines, substandard fractions, and the quality of the agglomerate and coke is controlled by changing the height of the layer and the speed of their movement along the screen, after which the screens are cleaned by periodically turning them on idle, then conditional charge materials are loaded into skip or on a conveyor made in the form of a conveyor, and fed into the receiving part of the loading device of the blast furnace, while the uniformity of the distribution of charge materials and the level their filling in the blast furnace is provided by turning the funnel of the distributor with charge materials at each subsequent supply relative to the previous one at an angle of 30. .. 90 ^o , additional charge materials, in the form of metal additives, are loaded into the furnace periodically and collected in alternating feeds, while metal additives in the form of scale and / or oily scale are loaded into the furnace in the amount of 0.5 skips through 2.5 - 3 h, alternating it with the supply of 2 skips of coke, and the distributor funnel is turned clockwise up to 180 ^o , and counterclockwise at angles greater than 180 ^o . 21. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that waste containing organic compounds is introduced into the high-temperature zone of the blast furnace, mainly in containers, melting at a temperature of at least 1500 ^o C, and used plastics and / or plastic waste are used as additional fuel in the amount of 45 - 100 kg / t of cast iron.  22. The method according to p. 19, characterized in that the blast before being fed into the furnace of the blast furnace is heated and served under overpressure.  23. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that, when preparing cast iron and slag for releases from the blast furnace, pre-prepared cast iron trucks and slag carriers under the drain socks of stationary and / or moving gutters are fed to the production tracks of the blast furnace, after which the tap hole of the blast furnace is opened furnace, with the formation of an inclined channel in it for subsequent feeding of iron through the gutters into cast iron trucks, and slag into slag carriers and / or granulation, then after releasing the furnace hearth from cast iron and slag, the outlet is closed the opening of the channel of the notch is refractory, and the troughs are freed of residues of cast iron and slag and are prepared for the next releases, while the cast iron trucks are sent to the steelmaking plant or to the tipping stand, where they turn over the iron trucks with cast iron into the receiving troughs, from which it is fed to the pre-treated lime solution and dried continuously moving trapezoidal molds of the inclined conveyor of filling machines, while in the upper part of the inclined conveyor molds with ingots are cooled with a refrigerant and, after cooling, they are sent to the unloading device and dumped into wagons and / or sent to the finished goods warehouse, with the implementation of the corresponding accompanying operations, while the weight of ingots is 7 - 48 kg.  24. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that coke screening with a fraction of up to 5 mm and / or gas coal in an amount of 40-70 kg / t of pig iron is introduced into the ore ridge of the charge materials loaded into the blast furnace, and as metal additives in the charge materials screenings of ferrovanadium production of fractions of 5-100 mm are periodically loaded in an amount of 20-30 kg / t of pig iron and / or oily scale in an amount of up to 100 kg / t of pig iron, and the microimpurity composition of cast iron and slag is controlled by using coke of a certain coke production va or mixtures cokes certain coke production.  25. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the averaging of the charge materials in the ore yard is carried out in one stack, conditionally divided in the transverse direction into two equal halves, which form and consume alternately, while the discharge fronts of each of the charge materials are constant, the fence charge materials from the stack are made with ledges from top to bottom, over the entire width of the stack, then the bunkers of the blast-furnace workshop are filled with charge materials evenly, with each hopper loading at least 2/3 of its capacity, while in case of negative temperatures and / or high humidity of the charge materials of the bunker, they are subjected to preliminary heating, including through the secondary use of waste heat carriers. 26. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the transfer of blast furnaces from smelting one type of cast iron to another is carried out subject to the condition of smooth running of the blast furnaces, while loading from 5 to 10 blank feeds in a row into blast furnaces, washing the blast furnaces with washing charge materials, and then reduce the ore spike by 15 - 20 wt.% with a simultaneous increase in the consumption of coke in the feed by 20 - 30 wt.%, and reduce the total pressure drop by 0.1 - 0.3 atm, 0.05 atm for every hour, and the basicity of the slag is chosen:

and

moreover, the transfer of blast furnaces from smelting one type of cast iron to another is carried out within 10-12 hours, while increasing the ore load in three stages every 3 hours to a tenth, and at the first stage by reducing the consumption of coke in the feed, at the second stage by adjusting the coke and ore parts of the feed, in the third stage by increasing the ore part of the feed to the working value, and the total pressure drop is increased by 0.02 atm every 2 hours, and the basicity of the charge materials at each stage is increased by 0.03, together with those in the period the transfer of silicon content is supported by 0.2 - 0.3% above average values, in addition, the transfer of blast furnaces from smelting one type of cast iron to another is carried out by using crushed and dried ferrosilicon as an additive, which is fed into a stream of molten cast iron at the time of cast iron production when filling cast iron trucks by 1/4 and stop feeding when filling the iron truck no more than 2/3 of its volume, while the silicon content as a result of the introduction of additives is increased by 0.4 - 0.8 wt.%.  27. The method according to p. 19, characterized in that before the repair and restoration work, the blast furnaces are stopped with the preliminary removal of all melting products from the blast furnaces immediately after the cast iron is released, while the supply of components is completely stopped 15-20 minutes before the furnaces stop combined blasting and enrichment of blast with oxygen, and after cooling the blast furnaces, the supply of blast is completely stopped, then after analyzing the condition of the blast furnaces, the residues that are not melted are completely removed charge materials, after which repair and restoration work dictated by the detected damages and / or wear is carried out, and preparatory work is carried out by blowing and subsequent blowing of blast furnaces, before which they analyze the position of the axis of the blast furnace, for which from the center formed by strings stretched on several diameters of the top ring support flange, the plumb line is lowered, after which the blast furnace is dried, and then blow-in charge materials are loaded, while coke consumption, charge pressed into the first volume of blowing charge materials, they are selected with a silicon content of 4.0 to 5.0 wt.% in the first cast iron, and after stabilization of the blast furnace operation, a blast furnace is blown, in which pig iron is released after 1 to 3 hours, This creates a uniform increase in gas pressure at the top of the blast furnace with a pressure drop of 10 to 20% less than the working one.  28. The method according to claim 19, characterized in that the charge materials delivered to the metallurgical enterprise, for example, raw coal or a mixture of coking coal, are discharged into receiving hoppers of the coke production, then physical, chemical, weight and metric analyzes are carried out, after which coal charge materials are crushed to a fraction of less than 3 mm, averaged and mixed, and then the prepared charge materials from the hoppers of loading cars are placed in coke ovens with leveling and / or ramming them on a turn fillings, seal the furnaces, leaving the gas openings open, while the charge materials in the coke oven lined refractory materials are heated by burning in the walls of the furnaces of a blast furnace and / or coke oven gas and / or gas-fuel mixture, which are supplied from gas purifications of a blast furnace shop and / or CHP, and / or other productions along pipelines, and dirty coke oven gas emitted as a result of heating charge materials in coke ovens is sent to the chemical through gas collection and exhaust pipes some production, where after the extraction of the required components is used, at least in part of the production and / or workshops, and / or sections, and / or thermal power plants as at least additional fuel, also after coking of the charge materials in the furnaces, they unload the hot coke cake from pre-opened furnaces to extinguishing cars, which are supplied for wet or dry extinguishing, then unload the coke on an inclined ramp and / or overpass and conveyors for coke sorting and / or in the bunkers of the blast furnace shop.  29. The method according to p. 28, characterized in that the fuel mixture consisting of blast furnace and / or coke oven and / or natural gases, which is supplied from gas purification of the blast furnace and coal and / or a mixture of coal is used as fuel for a thermal power plant, on which blast of various parameters and / or chemically purified refrigerants and / or heat carriers of various parameters are generated, and cooling of the coolants is carried out in cooling towers, and electric and / or thermal energy, and / or heat carriers, and / or waste heat energy, and / or waste heat transferring fluids from at least a part of production facilities and / or workshops and / or production areas are sent and / or disposed of via electrical and / or piping and / or heat exchange equipment to the main production facilities of the enterprise and / or for domestic needs and / or agricultural objects, in particular greenhouses.  30. A method of producing agglomerate for blast furnace production of a metallurgical enterprise, including the delivery and placement of sinter charge components, which use iron ore concentrate, ores, fluxing additives, metallurgical waste, solid fuel, hot and cold return, additives, in particular mineral, to the site unloading and storage, physicochemical, metric and weight analysis of sinter charge, averaging of sinter charge components in the ore yard, dosage of all sinter charge components by proving stitching, mixing the components to obtain a homogeneous mixture with the distribution of heat of hot return over the entire mass of the sinter charge, preliminary wetting before feeding to pelletizing, and final wetting during pelletizing, subsequent loading of the pelletized and moistened sinter charge onto pallets of the sintering machine, smoothing its surface, igniting the sinter charge with a gas mixture fed to the furnace of the sintering machine, and sintering the sinter charge by creating a vacuum under the pallets of the sintering machine and the development of high temperatures when burning the fuel layer in the sinter charge layer, cooling with sampling to determine the physicochemical composition and mechanical strength of the sinter, crushing and screening of the sinter with separation of return and recycling it into the sinter charge, carrying out, if necessary, repair and restoration and preparatory work, different the fact that as fluxing additives use materials containing rare earth metals and strontium, present in them in an amount of 0.001 to 0.7 wt. % and 0.005 - 1.0 wt.%, respectively, while their introduction into the sinter charge is at least partially carried out at the stage of mixing iron ore concentrate and ore.  31. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the delivered sinter charge components, mainly sinter ore and iron ore concentrates, are fed to the car dumper and unloaded into the ore trench, and in case of negative temperatures, the delivered sinter charge components are preheated before unloading, and the working surface of vehicles Before loading iron ore concentrate into them, they are treated with titanium-containing preparations, while the delivered fluxes, including lime of own production, are fed into the ore a trench and turn over to a concentrate or sinter ore, in a ratio of not less than 1: 20, the fluxes are fed by a conveyor system to the receiving hopper of the sinter factory, in addition, the flux mixture is subjected to crushing and subsequent screening to ensure a fraction of less than 3 mm, not less than 93% the entire volume of fluxes entering the sinter charge, while the sieve of ferrovanadium and powder production is additionally introduced into the sinter charge, mainly the production of ferrous powders doped with chromium and nickel, and / or sludges of ferrovanadium and powder production, and the amount of metal screening and sludge of ferrovanadium and powder production is 50-60 kg / t of sinter, and at the stage of preparation of sludge for feeding into the sinter charge they are treated with a solution based on limestone, mainly from waste from lime production, and then fed to the receiving bunkers of the charge compartment sinter plants, and the microimpurity composition of the sinter is regulated by adding limestone of the Barsukovsky deposit and / or dolomites of the Dankovsky, Shchelkovsky and Livnensky deposits to the sinter mixture I and / or lime manufacturing Obidimsky in an amount of 40 - 100 kg / m and agglomerate by the addition of coke breeze and / or more coke production.  32. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the solid fuel, mainly coke breeze, anthracite bar and / or screening of coke with a grain size of a fraction of less than 25-30 mm, before being fed into the sinter charge is crushed to obtain a fraction of less than 3 mm, to ensure the content fine fraction of not less than 95% of the total mass of solid fuel.  33. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that the return in the preparation of sinter charge is supplied in two stages, in the first stage of preparation of the sinter charge, cold secondary return is supplied together with iron ore concentrate and ore, which are averaged during storage in the ore yard, while the secondary return is isolated by re-screening the agglomerate before loading into the blast furnaces, and in the second stage, the primary hot return is added to the prepared sinter charge, while the primary return is obtained by screening the hot sinter after sintering the sinter charge, the amount of return introduced into the sinter charge is 18–42 wt.%, and the amount of the primary return introduced into the sinter charge is 23–38 wt.%.  34. The method according to item 27, wherein the dosage of the components of the sinter charge is carried out in two streams, on the first stream, the receiving hoppers of the charge compartment of the sinter plant are filled uniformly by loading the hopper at least 2/3 of its capacity, in case of negative temperatures, the walls the bunkers are preheated, including by using the heat of the spent coolants, and in the second stream the components of the sinter charge that are emitted from the bunkers are dosed by changing the positions of the locking device of the bunker and / or by changing the rotation speed and / or oscillation frequency of the feeders, in addition to this hopper, the sinter charge components are emptied by no more than 1/3 of their capacity, while during the initial mixing, the sinter charge components are heated to return a fraction finer than 10-12 mm, and the components are mixed in a vertical and / or horizontal plane, and when mixed, the sinter charge is moistened, mainly by irrigation to a moisture content of 4-6%.  35. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that a homogeneous mixture of sinter mixture components pre-moistened and heated with hot return heat is pelletized mainly by rotation in a vertical plane and moistened mainly with water to a moisture content of 7-19%, while the pH of the water is 1-5 or 10 - 13. 36. The method according to p. 30, characterized in that before loading the mixed, moistened, pelletized components of the sinter charge, a bed layer is laid on the pallets of the sintering machine, and the sinter charge is loaded uniformly across the width of the pallets, with the sinter charge exceeding the height of the sinter charge layer by 15 - 45 mm, while the height of the sinter charge layer on the sinter machine is maintained equal to 200 - 240 mm, then sintering, loaded onto pallets of the sinter machine, is carried out by ignition of its upper layer installed in the head Keep the machine with burners enclosed in the furnace, while to ignite the sinter charge, use a gas mixture consisting of blast furnace and natural gases taken in a ratio of 6: 1, and the ratio of air to gas mixture is maintained as 2.2: 1, and the ignition surface temperature sinter charge is 1150 - 1250 ^o C, and the gas mixture is fed to the ignition with a pressure of 250 - 450 mm water.article, and when the pressure drops below 50 mm water. Art. the supply of the gas mixture to the burners of the incendiary furnace is stopped. 37. The method according to any one of paragraphs.30 to 36, characterized in that the vertical speed of sintering of the sinter charge layer is controlled by changing the speed of movement of the pallets of the sintering machine, while sintering is completed at the level of the penultimate vacuum chamber, and the speed of movement of the pallet is 1.0 - 7.5 m / min, the exhaust temperature before aglogazov exhauster during sintering is maintained at least 60 ^o C, more hot sintered sinter cake is fed to the crushing, the upper limit of grinding fineness not more than 150 mm, then from aglo erata isolated fraction of size less than 12 mm by screening samobalansnogo, the additional fines from sifting the agglomerate produce its repeated screening, during the emission of its hoppers shihtopodachi domain management.  38. The method according to any one of paragraphs.30 to 37, characterized in that the cooling of the agglomerate is carried out mainly by rotation in a horizontal plane, while the circulation of the cooler is carried out by forced and / or natural means, and the agglomerate is supplied and dispensed for cooling at equal speeds.  39. The method according to any one of paragraphs.30 to 38, characterized in that the preparatory work is carried out before the sintering machines are stopped, the stopping being carried out mainly by cutting off the gas mixture, the exhauster shutter being closed and the gate chambers closed, and the feeders sinter charges are turned off and sintering machine movement is stopped; in addition, during repair and restoration work, replaceable metal structures, castings, equipment, accessories, containers, fences are made, and also plant construction and installation of equipment, wiring, power and lighting power lines and, in addition, conduct an audit of oxygen- and / or pipelines.

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