RU2131759C1 - Liquid cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: cleaning of liquids, mainly potable water in homes and under field conditions. SUBSTANCE: device includes filtering module, adapter bush inner partition on which pipe union for feeding the liquid to be cleaned is mounted. Tube supplying liquid to be cleaned is tightly connected to pipe union. Device is additionally provided with unit for positive transfer of liquid being cleaned from reservoir to filtering module this unit is made in form of pneumatic supercharger and tubes supplying the liquid to be cleaned; polymer bottle is used as reservoir; filter B300 is used as filtering module; filtering module is charged with filter media ACVALEN. EFFECT: enhanced efficiency; ease in use; low cost. 17 cl, 7 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the purification of liquids, mainly drinking water, in domestic conditions, in poorly maintained (without water supply or with insufficient pressure in the water supply network) summer or garden plots or in camp conditions, and more particularly, to devices for effective mechanical, sorption and bactericidal treatment of drinking water using filtering devices in which it is possible to filter the liquid through an adsorption-bactericidal filter material with the improvement of sorption ion and bactericidal purification and improving the quality of purified water.

 The invention may find application in the efficient and rapid purification of drinking water and / or other liquids for domestic or industrial consumption.

 The prior art.

 The need for cheap, quick and high-quality purification of drinking water in domestic conditions in dysfunctional (without water supply or with insufficient pressure in the water supply network) summer or garden plots and, especially, in marching conditions, is relevant and obvious.

 A typical final water treatment system is a cartridge filter connected to the source of the liquid to be cleaned, which ensures that the liquid is cleaned when it is filtered through the filter under the influence of gravitational forces or overpressure of the water supply network and the collection of the purified liquid in the container below the purified liquid. As a cleaning agent from chlorine, organics and other contaminants, filter material based on granular activated granular carbon or activated carbon fiber is most often used.

 Portable filters connected to the water supply network are the most widespread in practice, however, they can only function effectively if there is a water supply system with sufficient overpressure in the network and are usually unsuitable for treating water in camp conditions.

 A significant technical drawback of the known designs of filtering devices that can be used in field conditions and in which the filtering is effected by gravity by gravity from top to bottom is the relatively low hydrostatic pressure of the column of the liquid being cleaned, which, accordingly, limits the quality and speed of filtering treatment.

 Attempts to increase the volume of the filter material without compaction (without increasing the hydraulic resistance of the filtration) lead to a sharp decrease in the uniformity of filtration along the filter cross section due to the manifestation of the "channel effect" (filtering not over the entire cross section, but over individual channels), which in turn reduces the quality cleaning and filter life.

 Attempts to optimize the filtration mode by increasing the volume of the filter material lead to a complication of the filter design and, accordingly, to a higher cost of filtration cleaning.

 The well-known “pitcher type” filters (in which the cleaning is carried out by the filter module installed inside the pitcher), which operate due to the hydrostatic pressure of the column of water being purified, filter the water at a very low speed (since the difference in the levels of the liquid being cleaned and the filter is very small), therefore, for effective and Quick purification of drinking water in practice usually use filters connected to the water supply, working due to the excess pressure of the water supply network.

 Another technical disadvantage of known structures with liquid filtration under the action of gravity by gravity in the direction from top to bottom is also the formation of gas and air bubbles inside the filter material. These bubbles block pores, impede and sometimes even completely prevent the flow of fluid through the filter. To solve this problem, special gas-trapping structures are developed in the filter, which significantly complicates and increases the cost of the design and limits the scope of applicability of the filters.

 It is known, for example, a water purification device described in US patent N 4969996, (MKI B 61 D 24/22, published 11/13/1990) [1] containing a filling funnel for the liquid to be cleaned, a glass for collecting the purified liquid, tightly set in this funnel, and an insertion filter element, which has approximately cylindrical side walls, a cover and a bottom part, between which a granular type cleaning agent is placed. In order to prevent any accumulating gases and / or air from interfering with the flow of water to be cleaned through the bottom, a special gas collecting device is provided in the device in the form of a gas collecting space and gas extraction channels running along the side walls.

 A well-known household filter for water purification, comprising a housing with filtering elements for mechanical and sorption cleaning, inlet and outlet pipes, which is equipped with glasses installed in the housing for increasing the inter-regeneration period, on whose inner walls a multi-thread is made to swirl the flow of purified water, the glasses are connected to one another by a common lid, the filter elements are placed in the glasses, and the inlet and outlet pipes are connected to the lid of the filtrate (a. USSR N 1189479, publ. 07.11.85 BI N 41, B 01 D 24/10, C 02 F 1/18) [2].

 The closest in technical essence and achieved by using the result (prototype) is a device for the purification of drinking water, described in RF patent N 2105721 (MKI C 02 F 1/8, B 01 D 27/02, published on 02.27.1998, BI N 6) [3], comprising a quick-detachable filter module, fixed fasteners installed on a water tap or on the bottom of an autonomous contaminated water recovery tank, fasteners on the filter module housing, a container for collecting purified water, an elastic pipe for removing purified water and a removable bracket n to fix its position relative to the capacity of purified water.

 These designs of filtering devices are cumbersome, difficult to manufacture and operate, and also not quickly and efficiently purify water. In addition, the known devices do not allow cheap, fast and high-quality cleaning of liquids in uncomfortable domestic and camping conditions, where it is practically difficult to organize (in the absence of a water supply system or at insufficient pressure in the water supply network) the pressure of the water to be cleaned for fast and high-quality cleaning.

 Objectives of the invention.

 The main technical problem (the inventive task not yet resolved to date) that hinders the expansion of purification of liquids (drinking water) in domestic conditions is that the need for cheap, quick, but effective cleaning requires the use of well-known individual structural elements, as well as the creation of an optimal hydraulic pressure to overcome the filtration resistance (to increase the filtration rate) and at the same time increase the contact time of the filter material with the cleaned fluidity (to improve the quality of cleaning).

 In addition, for the effective operation of liquid purification filters (drinking water), it is necessary not only to ensure uniform flow of liquid through the filter with minimal resistance, but also to ensure that the liquid remains in the filter for the time necessary for sorption of dissolved contaminants (from 5 to 15 minutes).

 The main objective of the invention (the required technical result achieved when using the invention) is to provide the possibility of cheap, quick and high-quality cleaning of liquids (drinking water) in domestic conditions on dysfunctional (without water supply or with insufficient pressure in the water supply network) summer or garden plots and / or in marching conditions due to the optimal organization of the liquid filtration mode while simplifying and cheapening the design of the filtering device as a whole and reducing specific cost of cleaning.

 Additional tasks of the group of inventions are to simplify the operation of attaching the filter module to the tank of the liquid to be cleaned, as well as to enable the use of known filter modules commonly used to connect to the water supply network with excessive hydraulic pressure and to allow the use of polymer bottles as containers of purified water, which are widely used in present for various soft drinks and other food liquids.

 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

 The goal and the required technical result when using the inventions are achieved by the fact that in the device for cleaning liquids, mainly drinking water, containing a filter module with a transition sleeve, a pipe for removing purified water and means for supplying purified water, according to the invention, the adapter sleeve further comprises a nozzle for supplying purified liquid located on the partition located inside the adapter sleeve, and made with the possibility of hermetically connecting a supply pipe to it a cleaning fluid.

 At the same time, on the adapter sleeve on the side of the purified water supply, an additional internal thread is made corresponding to the external thread on the neck of the container of the purified water (corresponding to the external thread of polymer bottles for soft drinks), and the connection of the purified water supply is located inside the adapter sleeve coaxially to its axis (i.e. . along the axis of the adapter sleeve).

 In addition, the device further comprises means for forcibly moving the purified water from the purified water tank to the filter module, made in the form of a pneumatic blower (for example, in the form of an elastic "rubber bulb" widely used in atomizers) and pipes for supplying the purified water or in the form of a sealed cleaned container water, compressed air supply tubes into the tank of purified water and a pneumatic supercharger.

 In addition, a radially located fitting for supplying compressed air to the tank of the liquid being cleaned is connected to the adapter sleeve and communicates via a compressed air supply pipe with a pneumatic supercharger.

 To increase the efficiency of filtering, the device comprises means for sealing the junction of the adapter sleeve and the filter module and the junction of the adapter sleeve and the sealed container of the liquid being cleaned, made, for example, in the form of a sealing gasket.

 To increase the manufacturability of the module and increase its environmental safety, the housing of the filter module, the adapter sleeve and the supply and discharge pipes of the cleaned and the cleaned liquid are made of polymeric materials of the polyolefin class, for example, polyethylene or polypropylene.

 At the same time, a thrust protrusion is additionally made on the adapter sleeve, and a polymer bottle for soft drinks with an external thread on the neck is used as the capacity of the liquid to be cleaned.

 As a filter module in the device according to the invention, it is advisable to use the B300 filter, well-proven in practice, manufactured by AKVAFOR JSC (St. Petersburg), manufactured according to TU 3697-011-11139511-95, usually used to purify drinking water in the home by connection to the water supply network and filtration water purification under the influence of excess pressure of the water supply network.

 To improve the quality of cleaning located filter module as a filter material, it is advisable to use a mixture of granular activated carbon and activated carbon fiber. At the same time, it is advisable to use the “AQUALEN” material manufactured by AKVAFOR JSC according to the RF patent for invention N 2070436 (published in BI N 35 12/20/1996) and TU 1591-006-11139511-94, and as granular carbon - activated carbon from coconut shells.

 At the same time, the filter module for effective mechanical cleaning additionally contains a layer of microporous material, for example, microporous polyethylene or other microporous material similar to its function, which traps small particles of contaminants, and also additionally contains ion-exchange material in the form of a non-woven needle-punched fabric of ion-exchange fibers or other similar the functionality of the removal of dissolved contaminants of a known material.

 As follows from the above review of the prior art, the design of the inventive device for cleaning liquids, mainly drinking water, is new, unknown from public sources of information and not explicitly derived from the prior art. That is, the proposed technical solutions of the inventive task are not obvious to the average specialist and meet the requirements of the eligibility criterion of "inventive step".

 Compared with the prototype, the invention contains a new, previously unknown set of general and private essential features, therefore, the invention meets the requirements of the criterion of "novelty."

 Some individual essential features of the invention are known, however, the totality of general and particular distinguishing essential features of inventions among solutions known in science and technology, in the scope of our search, was not found. In addition, the distinguishing features of the invention perform new previously unknown functions, that is, are used for another purpose and provide the opportunity to obtain a new technical result.

 The set of general and private essential features of inventions provides the opportunity to solve the inventive task and achieve the goal of inventions (achieve the desired technical result).

 Indeed, as will be further shown below with examples of specific implementations, the claimed invention allows not only to provide the possibility of high-quality and quick cleaning of liquids (drinking water) in uncomfortable domestic or camp conditions by optimally organizing the regime of liquid filtration in the filter while simplifying and cheapening the design of the filter device in general inventions, but also to simplify the operation of attaching the filter to the source of the liquid being cleaned, to reduce the cost of the device design -keeping overall processability and its production, and significantly improve the quality of treatment as compared to known available filters to filter cleaning fluid.

 The list of figures drawings.

The invention is illustrated by drawings:
in FIG. 1 shows a general view of a basic embodiment of a device for purifying drinking water from a polymer bottle;
in FIG. 2 shows an additional option for purification of drinking water in field conditions;
in FIG. 3 - axial section of the filter module;
in FIG. 4, 5 and 6 - front view, side view and top view of the adapter sleeve;
in FIG. 7 shows a section through a transition sleeve.

 Examples of the invention.

 The invention is illustrated by examples of the invention.

 A device for treating drinking water in a domestic environment at an unfavorable (without a water supply system or with insufficient pressure in the water supply network) summer or garden plots or in field conditions (Fig. 1, 2) contains a filter module 1, a transition sleeve 2, a pipe for discharging purified water 3 and the supply pipe of the cleaned (dirty) water 4. The filter module 1 is mounted on the container for the cleaned liquid 6 through the adapter sleeve 2, which is used as a polymer bottle for soft drinks or other food liquids (f 1 g).

 To move the purified water and create the necessary pressure for the optimal filtration of the water pressure, the device contains a pneumatic supercharger 7 made, for example, in the form of a “rubber bulb”, and to fix the position of the purified water outlet pipe 3 and the direction of the purified water stream into the container of purified liquid (not indicated) the device contains a bracket 8.

 Before cleaning, the cleaned (dirty) water 9 is poured into a sealed plastic bottle 6 (Fig. 1) or an open container of the cleaned liquid 10 (Fig. 2).

 The filter module 1 (Fig. 3) contains a cylindrical (or conical) cup-shaped housing 11 with a cover 12.

 A layer of filter material 13 is located inside the filter module, a layer of microporous material 14 is installed on the exit side of the cleaned liquid inside the filter module housing to trap mechanical particles, and a layer of cationic 15 and anionic 16 (ion-exchange) material is located on the supply side of the cleaned liquid, which additionally clamped by a clamping grill 17, which is installed with an interference fit on the inside of the nozzle for supplying the liquid to be cleaned 18, which is coaxially (coaxially) located inside the filter housing and a module that communicates with socket 19 for securing the bushing by means of the internal thread deposited on the cylindrical projection 20 (FIG. 3).

 For the removal of purified water on the housing of the filter module, a fitting for removing the purified liquid 21 is made, on which a pipe for removing the purified liquid 3 is attached.

 In the interface zone of the adapter sleeve 2 and the filter module 1, as well as in the interface zone of the adapter sleeve 2 and the neck of the polymer bottle with the liquid to be cleaned, sealing gaskets are installed.

 The adapter sleeve 2 (Fig. 4 - 7) contains a radially located fitting for supplying compressed air 23.

 On the fastening side to the filter module, the adapter sleeve contains an external thread 24 (Fig. 4, 5, 7) compatible with the internal thread on the cylindrical protrusion 20 of the filter module (Fig. 3).

 On the opposite side (Fig. 7), the adapter sleeve 2 contains an internal thread 25 that matches the standard thread on the necks of polymer bottles for soft drinks or other food liquids.

 Inside the adapter sleeve 2 on the inner baffle there is a fitting for supplying the liquid to be cleaned 26 (Fig. 1, 7), and on the outer surface of the adapter sleeve there is a thrust protrusion 27 (Fig. 4, 6, 7), which is necessary for sealing the adapter sleeve on the neck of the bottle with the cleaned liquid 6 (Fig. 1).

 A device for treating drinking water in a domestic environment in unfavorable (without a water supply system or with insufficient pressure in the water supply network) summer cottage or garden plots or in field conditions operates (according to the main version) as follows (Fig. 1).

 The liquid to be cleaned (dirty water) 9 is poured into a polymer bottle of soft drinks 6 by 3/4 of its volume, and the adapter sleeve 2 with the pipe for supplying the liquid to be cleaned 4, the pipe for supplying compressed air 5 and the pneumatic supercharger 7 are tightly screwed onto the bottle neck.

 Then, onto the adapter sleeve 2, a filter module 1 with a drain pipe of purified liquid (pure water) is screwed on top (Fig. 1).

 After that, a pneumatic supercharger 7 through the compressed air supply pipe 5 and the compressed air supply fitting 23 on the adapter sleeve 2 creates excessive air pressure inside the polymer bottle 6 above the surface of the liquid to be cleaned (dirty water) 9.

 The cleaned liquid (dirty water) 9 due to the pressure drop through the supply pipe of the cleaned liquid 4, the supply pipe of the cleaned liquid 26 on the adapter sleeve 23 enters the filter module 1, is filtered through the filter material, cleaned, and the cleaned liquid (clean water) through the cleaned pipe liquid 21 on the housing of the filter module and a pipe for draining the purified liquid 3 enters the collection tank of the purified liquid (pure water).

 To speed up the filtering, it is advisable to periodically pump compressed air into the bottle 6 with a pneumatic supercharger 7 (Fig. 1).

A device for treating drinking water in a domestic environment in unfavorable (without a water supply system or with insufficient pressure in the water supply network) summer cottage or garden plots or in field conditions also functions (as an additional option) as follows (Fig. 2):
The adapter sleeve 2 is hermetically fixed in the filter module 1, the compressed air supply pipe 5 is disconnected from the compressed air supply pipe 23 and connected to the nozzle for supplying the cleaned liquid 26 on the adapter sleeve 2, and the pipe for supplying the liquid to be cleaned 4 is connected to the suction port of the air blower 7 (Fig. . 2).

 The cleaned liquid (dirty water) 9 from an open container or directly from a natural reservoir through a pneumatic supercharger 7 is pumped through a filter module 1, and purified water is collected through a clean liquid drain pipe into a container of purified liquid. However, this requires constant injection of the cleaned fluid into the filter module.

 The present invention can be used to purify various liquids of a domestic and / or industrial consumer, however, it is most preferable to use it for purification of drinking water.

 The specific dimensions and individual design parameters of the filter module, adapter sleeve and filter device as a whole can be selected by specialists depending on the purpose and performance of the filtering treatment.

 Practically any materials known and used in filtration technology, as well as known assembly technologies, can be used as structural materials.

 As a filter module, the device according to the invention is advisable to use the well-proven B300 filter manufactured by AKVAFOR JSC (St. Petersburg), manufactured according to TU 3697-011-11139511-95, usually used for purification of drinking water in the home by attaching it to the water supply network and filtration water purification under the action of excess pressure of the water supply network or any other filter module similar in purpose and function.

 As a filter material, the filter module may comprise a mixture of granular activated carbon and activated carbon fiber. Moreover, it is advisable to use the “AQUALEN” material manufactured by AKVATOR JSC according to the RF patent for invention N 2070436 (published in BI N 35, 12/20/1996) and TU 1591-006-11139511-94, as activated carbon fiber, and as granular carbon, the filter material may contain activated carbon from coconut shells or any other known filter materials.

 All this provides an opportunity, with a significant simplification and cheapening of the design and manufacturability of their manufacture, to significantly improve the quality and speed of cleaning compared with the known available devices for filtering liquid purification in uncomfortable living and camping conditions while at the same time cheapening the unit cost of filtering cleaning per unit volume of contaminated liquid ( dirty water).

 Industrial applicability.

 The above detailed descriptions of the design of the adapter sleeve, filter module, individual structural elements and the entire filter device as a whole leave no doubt about their feasibility - materials and individual structural elements are known to specialists and are well-mastered by modern engineering and technology.

 The above examples of the practical implementation of the invention prove the ability to obtain a new technical result when using the inventions and confirm the possibility of industrial applicability of the inventions, as well as prove the effectiveness of the invention in comparison with known designs.

 Compliance with eligibility criteria.

 In General, given the novelty and non-obviousness of the invention (proved in the section "Summary of the invention"), the materiality of all general and particular features of the invention (proved in the section "Disclosure of the invention"), as well as shown in the sections "Examples of the implementation of inventions" and "Industrial applicability ", the feasibility of the invention and the achievement of the objectives of the invention, in our opinion, the claimed invention meets all the eligibility requirements for inventions.

 Thus, there is every reason to argue that the invention meets all the requirements of the eligibility criteria, and the analysis also shows that all the general and particular features of the inventions are essential, since each of them is necessary, and all together they are not only sufficient for the practical solution of the set tasks, but also allow you to implement the invention in an industrial way.

Claims (17)

 1. A device for purifying a liquid, mainly drinking water, comprising a filter module with a transition sleeve, a pipe for discharging the purified liquid and means for supplying a liquid to be cleaned, characterized in that the adapter sleeve further comprises a nozzle for supplying a liquid to be cleaned located on a partition located inside the transition sleeve , and made with the possibility of tight connection to it of a tube for supplying a cleaned liquid.  2. The device according to p. 1, characterized in that on the adapter sleeve from the supply side of the liquid to be cleaned, an additional internal thread is made corresponding to the external thread on the neck of the tank of the liquid to be cleaned.  3. The device according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the nozzle for supplying the liquid to be cleaned is located coaxially with the adapter sleeve.  4. The device according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it further comprises means for forcibly moving the cleaned liquid from the tank of the cleaned liquid to the filter module.  5. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for forcibly moving the cleaned liquid to the filter module is made in the form of a pneumatic supercharger and tubes for supplying the cleaned liquid.  6. The device according to claim 4, characterized in that the means for forcibly moving the cleaned liquid from the tank of the cleaned liquid to the filter module is made in the form of a sealed tank of the cleaned liquid, a pipe for supplying compressed air to the tank of the cleaned liquid and a pneumatic supercharger.  7. The device according to claims 1 to 4, 6, characterized in that on the adapter sleeve there is additionally a fitting for supplying compressed air to the tank of the liquid to be cleaned, in communication with the pneumatic supercharger via a compressed air supply pipe.  8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the nozzle for supplying compressed air to the adapter sleeve is located radially.  9. The device according to claims 1 to 9, characterized in that it further comprises a means of sealing the junction of the adapter sleeve and the filter module, made, for example, in the form of a sealing gasket.  10. The device according to paragraphs. 6 to 9, characterized in that it further comprises a means of sealing the junction of the adapter sleeve and the sealed container of the liquid being cleaned, made, for example, in the form of a sealing gasket.  11. The device according to paragraphs. 1 to 10, characterized in that the adapter sleeve is made of a polymeric material, for example polypropylene.  12. The device according to claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the thrust protrusion is additionally made on the adapter sleeve.  13. The device according to PP.6 - 12, characterized in that as the capacity of the liquid to be cleaned, it contains a polymer bottle for soft drinks or other food liquids with an external thread on the neck.  14. The device according to claims 1 to 13, characterized in that it contains a B300 filter manufactured by AKVAFOR JSC as per TU 3697-011-11139511-95 as a filtering module.  15. The device according to paragraphs. 1 to 14, characterized in that the filter material located in the filter module contains a mixture of granular activated carbon and activated carbon fiber.  16. The device according to clause 15, wherein the filter module contains “AQUALEN” material as activated carbon fiber, and contains activated carbon from coconut shells as granular carbon.  17. The device according to p. 16, characterized in that the filter module further comprises microporous material, as well as ion-exchange material in the form of a non-woven needle-punched fabric or ion-exchange fibers.

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