RU2131333C1 - Sheet edge rounding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering, in particular, machining method and equipment. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has end needle-type cutter 1 put onto spindle 2. Slits 3 made in mid portion of cutter 1 are engaged with slits 4 made on tubular spindle 5 mounted in radial bearings 6 positioned within casing 7, which is supported by movable base 8. Worm wheel 9 put onto upper part of tubular spindle 5 is engaged with worm 10. Head 11 with thrust bearing 12 is secured to upper part of spindle 2. Supporting spring 17 is positioned between tubular spindle 5 and head 11, and pressure spring 18 is positioned between floating nut 14 and cover 15, with rigidity of spring 18 exceeding that of spring 17. Machining heads 21 and 22 with needle-type cutters 1 are arranged one behind the other on support 23. Method involves laying and fastening sheet 19 on frame 20; driving machining heads 21 and 22 for rotation, with needle-type cutters 1 being positioned at an angle to sheet surface. When needle-type cutters 1 come into edge of sheet 19 under process, spindle 2 is moved slightly back to compress pressure spring 18. If sheet 19 has acinaciform or wavy surface portions, needle-type cutters 1 and supporting spring 17 exert elastic force to cut off metal layer of predetermined thickness from sheet edge. Displacement of sheet edge up and down relative to tool axis does not disturb the process, since each tool has allowance of up to 1/2 of inner diameter of cutter 1. EFFECT: increased efficiency in obtaining rounded edge of predetermined radius along the whole length of sheet, simplified construction and enhanced reliability in operation. 5 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of engineering, in particular to the machining of metal.

 Well-known methods for chamfering sheets are to remove a layer of metal from their edges or rotating mills on milling machines (Metal Technology. M: Metallurgy, 1978, p. 760, Fig. 234 g, e), or with cutters on planing or edge-cutting machines, while the cutting edges of the cutters or cutters are located at an angle to the plane of the sheet.

 The disadvantage of these methods is to obtain a chamfer plane located at an angle from the plane of the sheet to its sidewall, but not rounding - a smooth transition from the plane of the sheet to its sidewall.

 A known method of processing faces shaped, in particular concave, cutters, see GOST 16463-80E.

When processing with these cutters, it is possible to obtain a rounding of the face with a given radius. However, this method has a number of significant disadvantages, namely:
- very high requirements for the geometric accuracy of the tool;
- very high requirements for the installation of the processed sheet;
- a complex tracking system for the deviation of the edge line both in plan and in the vertical, which is especially important for sheets of large length (up to 12 m), because they have a "saber" - deviation of the sidewall plane of the sheet from the common adjacent plane.

A known method of rounding the edges of the sheet, in which the tool is installed by the end working surface at an angle to the processed edge of the sheet, rotate and move along the edge of the sheet / see A.S. 677828, cl. B 23 C 3/13, publ. 1979 /
The technical result of the proposed method is the ability to obtain a rounding edge of a given radius along the entire length of the sheet.

The technical result is achieved in that the edges are machined by at least a pair of rotary end-face mounted tools with elastic cutting elements, the working plane of each tool is tilted to the planes forming the edge at the same angles. The experiments established that these angles are close to 30 ^o .

 Tools are rotated relative to their own axes, pressed to the machined planes and moved along the machined edge.

 Known devices for chamfering the edges of the sheets, suitable for rounding the edges, where the sheet to be processed is mounted on a fixed table, and the tool-cutter is mounted on a support moving along the table / Fabrication of steel bridge structures. M .: Transport, 1978, p. 97, 98 /.

 The disadvantage of this device is the rigid / unchanging / installation of the tool relative to the machined edge of the sheet, as a result of which there are “sabers” on the sheet — the concavity of the sheet is not processed at all or is processed less than the required value, and more chips are removed on the convex part than necessary.

 A device for rounding the edges of the sheet containing a means for accommodating the workpiece and a caliper carrying sequentially installed processing heads / see A.S. 1107967, cl. B 23 C 3/12, publ. 1984 /.

 The technical result of the claimed device is achieved by the fact that the cutting tool - end needle cutters with a drive for rotation and movement along the processed edge of the sheet are mounted on the spring-loaded axes and are located at the same angle to the sheet to the plane of the sheet, the second to its sidewall, while the pressure spring is stiffer and has a stroke limit.

The method of rounding the edges of the sheets and the device for its implementation are illustrated by drawings, where:
in FIG. 1 shows a sheet edge treatment with a first tool, tool installation;
in FIG. 2 - the edge of the sheet after processing the first tool;
in FIG. 3 - sheet edge processing with a second tool, tool installation;
in FIG. 4 - the edge of the sheet after processing the second tool;
in FIG. 5 is a general view of the processing heads.

 The device consists of an end needle cutter 1, mounted on an axis 2, in the middle part of which slots 3 are cut, meshed with slots 4 on a tubular axis 5, which is installed in radial bearings 6 located inside the housing 7, which is supported on a movable base 8. A worm wheel 9 is mounted on the upper part of the tubular axis 5, which is engaged with the worm 10. A nozzle 11 is attached to the top of the axis 2, into which the thrust bearing 12 is inserted. From above, the bearing 12 is pressed by a screw 13, which interacts with the floating nut 14, inserted threaded into the cover 15, fastened to the housing 7. To prevent rotation of the nut 14 from the rotation of the screw 13, studs 16 are used. A retaining spring 17 is located between the tubular axis 5 and the nozzle 11, and a compression spring 18 is located between the floating nut 14 and the cover 15. the stiffness of the spring 18 is greater than the stiffness of the spring 17. The sheet 19 to be processed is laid on the bed 20.

 The processing head 21 with the needle cutter 21 with the needle cutter 1, located at an angle to the plane of the processed sheet 19, and the processing head 22 with the needle cutter 1, located at the same angle to the side of this sheet are fixed one after the other on the support 23.

 The device works as follows.

 The sheet to be processed 19 is laid on the bed of the machine 20 and fastened to it, then a support 23 is launched along it (the sheet) with the processing heads 21 and 22 mounted on it with needle cutters 1 located to the plane of the processed sheet 19 at an angle α.

 The worm 10 is driven from the engine by rotation and transfers the rotation through the worm wheel 9 to the tubular axis 5 and, by means of a spline connection 3 and 4, to the axis 2 and the needle mill 1. When hitting the needle cutter on the edge of the processed sheet 19, the axis 2 moves slightly back, compressing the compression spring 18.

 If there is a “saber” or “wave” on the sheet 1 with a bulge outward, then under the action of the elastic forces of the needle cutter and the compression spring 17, a predetermined metal layer is removed from the edge, and when the bulge inside the sheet is bulged by the spring 17, the tool is still in contact with the edge sheet 1.

The shift of the machined edge relative to the tool axis up or down does not play a role, because each tool allows this within 1/2 of the inner diameter of the needle cutter, and, therefore, there is no need to fine-tune the machined edge along the axis,
The essence of the method consists in the fact that upon contact, the rotating needle mill 1 with the edge of the sheet 19 when the processing plane of the needle mill tilts to the plane of the sheet 19 and the needle cutter moves (feeds) along the processed edge (see Fig. 1), the cutter needles are smoothed at the beginning of movement and then the smallest metal particles are cut (torn off) from the edge (edge) of the sheet (the chip is a metal powder with a fraction size of 0.005 ... 1 mm), and the resulting surface is convex (see Fig. 2); when processing the same face with a second end needle-head mill located at an angle to the sidewall (see Fig. 3), the required smooth transition from the plane of the sheet to its sidewall is obtained (see Fig. 4).

Claims (2)

 1. The method of rounding the edges of the sheet, in which the tool is installed by the end working surface at an angle to the processed edge of the sheet, rotate and move along the edge of the sheet, characterized in that they take the second tool, install them sequentially, while the end needles are taken as tools, and the angle of inclination of the working surface of one needle mill to the plane of the sheet forming the edge is chosen equal to the angle of inclination of the working surface of the other needle mill to the side surface of the sheet forming the edge.  2. A device for rounding the edges of the sheet, containing means for accommodating the workpiece and a support bearing sequentially installed processing heads, characterized in that the processing heads are installed at equal angles to one of the planes of the sheet forming the edge, each head having two springs, one of them, push, is installed with the possibility of interaction with the axis of the processing head, and the other, retaining, is installed with the possibility of interaction with entered into the processing head RDCCH nozzle situated on the axis mounted in the tubular axle, wherein the rigidity of the compression spring retaining greater rigidity.

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