RU2130741C1 - Method and apparatus for introducing fat additives into animal feed - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture. SUBSTANCE: method involves heating fat additives to temperature of 30-100 C; homogenizing to obtain particles of 1-25 micron size; dosing. Apparatus has heater, mixer-homogenizer and filter, which are positioned within vessel. Dosing pump and pipeline with nozzles are disposed outside vessel. Vessel has closure-filter mounted so as to be lifted and lowered over vessel inner surface. EFFECT: increased dosage precision, precise distribution of additive in feeds, improved keeping properties of fat additive of biologically active substances. 3 cl, 1 dwg, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to agriculture and can be used in the preparation of feed by both feed mills and livestock enterprises.

 A known method and device for dosing and making fat additives in the feed [1].

 It should be noted that when introducing fats into animal feed, it is necessary to take into account the fact that, due to their chemical properties, they are easily subjected to oxidative destruction, which leads to the formation of harmful products in them - peroxides, ketones, aldehydes, and other substances. This can lead to both food spoilage and animal disease.

 Known methods for preventing fat spoilage and eliminate their negative effect on the quality and disease of animals, or expensive, or ineffective.

 A device [1] for introducing fats into compound feeds is known — it is a special technological line with sophisticated equipment intended for receiving, storage, cleaning, dosing and mixing — B6-DSJ.

 However, the specified production line used at centralized enterprises for the preparation of animal feed turned out to be unacceptable in farms with a small number of animals, including farms, as well as for introducing feed additives into other feed products, for example, in feed mixtures from coarse, succulent and concentrated feeds .

 The well-known production line was also unacceptable for adding additives to the feed with different density, viscosity and with different melting points both in stationary and in mobile and field conditions, because It is designed only for the introduction of fat in animal feed.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the accuracy of dosing, distribution of additives in feed, increase the safety of fat additives and biologically active substances additives, increase the use of fat and other additives by animals, the release of containers from fat.

To solve the problem in a known method of making fat additives in animal feed, including heating, homogenization and dosing, according to the invention, heating is carried out in the range of 30-100 ^o C, and homogenization is carried out to particle sizes of 1-25 microns.

 In the device for solving the problem, comprising a tank, pipelines, a heater with a temperature controller, a metering pump, a mixer and a filter, according to the invention, the tank is made with a filter cover having the ability to lower and rise along the inner wall of the tank, which is mounted on the frame, and In the lower part of the tank, there is an agitator, a filter and a heater inside, and a metering pump and a pipeline with nozzles are fixed outside, while the length of the pipeline can be increased by increasing its length from 80 to 150 cm and Meter with 2 to 4 cm, and the number of nozzles can be varied from 1 to 8 pieces with a diameter of 0.25 to 2 mm.

 The invention is presented in the drawing, which shows a General view (diagram) of the proposed device.

 The device for making fat additives in the feed is a loading tank 1 with a size of 100x100x100 cm, mounted on the frame 2. In the lower part of the tank 1 there is a metering pump 3 of type ND for pumping liquid feed additives into the pipeline 4 with nozzles 5 for dispensing liquid feed additives, however, the pipeline 5 can be increased by increasing its length from 80 to 150 cm and the diameter from 2 to 4 cm, and the number of nozzles, as necessary, can be changed from 1 to 8 pieces with a diameter of 0.25 to 2 mm.

 Inside the tank 1 in its lower part there is a heater 6 with a temperature controller, a homogenizer-mixer 7 for converting the additive into a homogeneous mass and for dispersing it due to vortex mixing, and a filter 8 to prevent clogging of the metering pump 3 and nozzles 5.

 In addition, the container 1 is equipped with a filter cover 9, which has the ability to lower and rise along the inner wall of the container 1. On the filter cover 9 is a barrel 10 with a fat additive.

 The proposed device operates as follows.

 Taking into account the percentage of the added fat additive in the feed on the pipe 4, the required number of nozzles 5 with the corresponding diameter is set, after which the device itself is installed at a given height taking into account the distance of the nozzles above the feed level.

 The fat additive from the barrel 10 mounted on the filter cover 9 enters the loading container 1. If it is necessary to clean the barrel 10 of traces of a fat additive, the filter cover 9 is lowered to the level of the fat additive in the loading container 1. Next, the heater 6 is turned on after coating it with fat additive. When the set temperature is reached, the homogenizer stirrer is turned on to bring the fat additive to the required state of homogenization, after which the metering pump 3 is turned on and the fat additive is applied to the feed located on the moving conveyor belt of the feed mill.

 Due to the compactness of the device, it can be mounted both in workshops for the preparation of feeds such as OKTs-15, KTs-30 KORK, etc., and on tractors and other agricultural machinery when carrying preservatives, fertilizers and various liquid additives. At the same time, the construction can work from the power take-off shaft of agricultural machinery.

 The device allows you to dose liquid additives, preservatives, fertilizers and other liquid substances in an amount of from 0.1 to 20%.

 Examples of the method.

 The proposed method and device for introducing fat additives into the feed was tested under production conditions when introducing feed animal fat into feed and feed mixtures for calves lactating cattle for fattening. The device was installed above the conveyor of the OKC-30 workshop of the KORK feed mill.

When making feed fats in animal feed during the stall period at an ambient temperature of -10 to 24 ^o C digestion disorders in animals were not observed.

 The effectiveness of the proposed method was determined in physiological experiment on 6 groups of cows (3 heads in a group).

 Cows of group 1 were introduced into the feed mixture animal feed fat in a known manner.

 Cows of groups 2, 3 and 4 were introduced into the feed mixture the same fat using the proposed method and device. In this case, the options for introducing fat into the feed mixture differed in the number of nozzles, their diameter and height above the feed mixture. The results of these options are shown in the table.

Option 5 provides for the introduction of fortified fish oil into the feed, while in order to preserve the vitamins from destruction, the temperature of heating the fat did not exceed 30 ^o C.

In the 6th variant, soap stock was added to the feed, subjected to a temperature treatment of up to 100 ^° C, since processing at a low temperature leads to disruption of the digestion processes in animals.

 High digestibility and shelf life of the feed mixture (before the formation of ketone bodies) in the 4th embodiment are due to the fact that the fat additive was sprayed with nozzles with a diameter of 0.25 mm to a particle size of fat equal to 15 μm, which ensures a more uniform introduction of fat into the feed mixture, its high degree absorbing due to this, high metering accuracy due to the larger number of nozzles, and due to the smaller distance of the nozzles above the feed mixture, the fat additive comes into contact with air for a shorter time.

 When a fat additive was added to the feed mixture in an amount of 5-0.5%, the highest metering accuracy and uniformity of the additive were also noted in option 4.

The temperature of 50 ^o C was optimal for the introduction of animal fat. Lowering the temperature of heating the feed fat below 50 ^o C reduces the accuracy of dosing, the uniformity of the additive and the degree of absorption of fat in feed and feed mixtures.

 We believe that the proposed method of making fat additives in feed and a device for its implementation will be widely used in agriculture.

Information taken into account during the examination
Recommendations on the use and rationing of fats in feeding farm animals. M., 1987 - a prototype.

Claims (2)

1. The method of making fat additives in animal feed, including heating, homogenization and dosing, characterized in that the heating is carried out in the range of 30 - 100 ^o C, and the homogenization of the particles is adjusted to sizes of 1 - 25 microns.  2. A device for making fat additives in animal feed containing a container, pipelines, a heater with a temperature controller, a metering pump, a mixer, a filter, characterized in that the container is made with a filter cover that can lower and rise along the inner wall of the container, which is mounted on the frame, with a heater, a stirrer and a filter inside located at the bottom of the tank, and a metering pump and a pipeline with nozzles fixed outside, and the pipeline is made with the possibility of changing the length, quantity nozzles and their diameter.

Images