RU2130432C1 - Device for water purification - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for water cleaning from radionuclides, bacterial, virus and other contaminants in presence of magnetic fields. SUBSTANCE: device has successively connected by means of magnetic pipes magnetic funnel with track membrane, dropping tubes-filters with magnets and ion-exchange resins, and modular electrode unit with selective sorbent of thermoxid grade in magnetic body. EFFECT: production of elocogically clean potable water with efficient trapping of radionuclides. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the field of water purification from radionuclides, bacterial, viral and other contaminants in the presence of magnetic fields.

 Known devices VK, PR, PC, KR and others (GOST 25047-87. Edition E. State Committee of the USSR for Standards. Moscow. RF Patent N 2014287 "Device for water purification") for blood transfusion, including dropper filters, clamps, steel or synthetic needles interconnected by tubes. In these devices, blood flows from a bottle, a container through a needle into a dropper.

 If waste water is passed through the device, the degree of purification from radionuclides, pathogenic bacteria, viruses and other contaminants will be low.

 The aim of the invention is the intensification of mass transfer processes by introducing magnetic fields into the device.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that high-energy magnetic fields (1-7 kiloersted) are introduced into the modular filtering elements, tubes. Magnetic filter droppers contain ion-exchange resin filters in a magnetic field (permanent magnets), as well as a carbon block (activated carbon), thermoxides-3, thermoxides-3A, etc. to neutralize radionuclides, bacterial, viral and other contaminants and adjust the pH of the water up to 7 - 7.5.

It is advisable that the funnel and track membrane were magnetic with a chemical composition, wt. %: BaO-60; SmCo ₅ -10; Fe ₂ O ₃ -30.

The working position of the device is vertical, under a water pressure of 0.6-6.0 kg / cm ² .

 The drawing shows a device for water purification, including a magnetic funnel 1 with a track magnetic membrane with a hole diameter, microns: 0.001 - 0.005 or more; clamps 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 6 ', 8', 10 ', a semi-rigid dropper 3 with a magnet inside; the connecting tube 11 is magnetic; hard dropper 5 with a filter in a magnetic field; semi-rigid dropper 7 with a filter and a magnet; modular electrode unit with thermoxide 9 for the purpose in a magnetic column housing. The number of modular magnetic filter blocks depends on the required degree of purification of the filtered water. The more filtering modular changeable units, the higher the degree of purification of the device (to increase the residence time of water in a magnetic field - bacteria, viruses die).

The device operates as follows. Water with a volume of 2.5 l / h or more under a pressure of 0.6-6.0 kg / cm ² is fed into a magnetic funnel, the bottom of which is a track magnetic membrane with pore openings of 0.001 - 0.005 μm or more; clamps 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 are open, 6 ', 8', 10 'are closed. Water is introduced coaxially or tangentially, due to inertial or centrifugal effects, respectively, precipitation of large (more than 5 microns) fractions of suspensions occurs.

 The purified water through the track magnetic membrane and funnel 1 enters the contacting device of the dropper 3 with a magnet (permanent magnet) immersed in the irrigation liquid. The fluid flow rate is controlled by a clip-roller 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 in the elements indicated by positions 1, 3, 5, 7, 9. The device uses the modular principle of operation of all filtering magnetic units that are connected and disconnected through tubes 11 This design allows you to quickly (flexibly) change the parameters of the gas-liquid flow in the active section of the filters of the magnetic devices and to regenerate the nodes from pollution and adjust the cleaning coefficient (mass transfer).

 Due to the intensive mixing of gas and liquid in the contacting elements of the magnetic filter dropper device, a heterophasic, gas-liquid emulsion is formed with a highly developed active surface of the magnetized liquid and contact phases.

 The high gas-liquid flow rate ensures intensive heat and mass transfer processes. In the elements indicated by positions 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, the phases are separated into clean water and sludge. The renewal of the initial fluid occurs continuously or periodically. The purified water is removed, and the sludge sediment is retained at the bottom of the filters and in the filters. Preventive regeneration of the device is carried out after working out the resource by washing with water or with a complete disassembly of the device nodes. Since all nodes of the device are transparent, the moment of pollution of the filters and the need for regeneration of the device are visually determined.

 The modular principle of the design of the proposed device allows you to autonomously adjust (change) the parameters of magnetic systems, elements of purified water and filter (sediment, sludge) and thereby create the conditions for the interaction of the phases of water purification from all bacterial, viral and other impurities in the presence of high-energy magnetic fields in of all modular filter blocks 1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11. Of the many theories, the proposed device is universal due to the clarity of the meaning of the parameters and can be used for any oobmennyh water purification processes. The described device is economical because it requires low consumption of materials and liquid. Due to the high efficiency of physicochemical processes in the presence of magnetic fields, it is highly effective because it operates in the developed turbulence mode, which ensures high values of the coefficient of efficiency of cleaning and mass transfer.

 Clips 6 ', 8', 10 'open only during preventive regeneration of filter units 5, 7, 9 of the device, at the time of operation they are closed.

 Ion-exchange resins (cross-linked polymers) in which ionic groups of various purpose are fixed are used as catalysts.

 The capacity-column-filter 9 is connected if it is necessary to clean from radionuclides (neutralization). Column 9 is filled with thermoxide-3, thermoxide-3A or others, with a carbon block and a magnet inside the column.

Filter column 9 refers to compositions of electrochemical glasses based on glass ceramics, which have the signs of hard magnetic material, chemical resistance to aggressive media, and by the value of coercive force can be used in chemical technology to mix aggressive media, in a magnetic filter catcher apparatus, in a sewage treatment device water According to the achieved result, magnetic glass containing, by weight, is used as hard magnetic materials with a chemical composition. %: BaO-60; Sm • Co ₅ -10; Fe ₂ O ₃ -30. The concentration of the magnetic phase is 60%, the saturation magnetization is 150 kiloamperes / meter.

A water purifier is manufactured to operate at a temperature of 5 to 50 ^o C. The dropper tubes must be made of materials that allow the air bubbles, liquid level and dropping sequence to be seen with the naked eye. The inner surface of the main part of the device should be practically free after the filter from visible mechanical particles. Connections of parts of the main part of the device must ensure tightness with a minimum internal overpressure of 40 kPa. The device must be sterile inside, non-toxic and non-pyrogenic for at least 3 years. The injection needle (steel) with a diameter of 1.6 mm or more (inner diameter 16 mm or more, so that more water flows, and protrude upward so that the suspension remains at the bottom of the needle tip) must be in an individual container, sterile, have a silicone coating. The device must be operable after staying in transportation conditions in the temperature range from minus 50 to plus 50 ^o C and the upper value of relative humidity 100% at a temperature of 25 ^o C. The drip-filter assembly must ensure the removal of microparticles larger than 175 microns with a filter coefficient of at least 90% when transfusing at least 1 liter of water. The established shelf life of the device and filtration units must be at least 3 years.

 Using a magnetic funnel, you can clean drinking water and food, as well as magnetized water is a remedy for gastrointestinal, renal stone, nervous, oncological and radiation diseases.

Thermoxide-3A in combination with highly active carbon (carbon) is used in bulk filters of any design. First, thermoxide-3A is poured into the filter column 9, and then carbon powder (or block). A set of sorbents is designed to produce 6000 liters of environmentally friendly drinking water. Selective inorganic sorbent zirconium-based thermoxide-3, has a high selectivity to multiply charged anions, phosphates, arsenates, molybdates, chromates, fluorine, etc. Chemical composition: Zr (OH) ₄ • n • H ₂ O. It is usually used in conjunction with the sorbent Thermoxide-3A brand.

 The filter provides an effective purification from radioactive contamination of the vapor-gas mixture removed from the reactor containment into the atmosphere during accidents at nuclear power plants associated with the melting of nuclear fuel.

 The use of an inorganic sorbent of the Thermoxide type as a filter nozzle ensures the purification of radioactive aerosols and iodine in molecular or organic form at least 1000 (a thousand) times.

 During magnetization, the content of dissolved oxygen increases, which contributes to the return of purified magnetic water freshness, taste, characteristic of pure natural sources. At the same time, the destruction of pathogenic viruses and microorganisms in the water.

Claims (1)

 A device for water purification, containing sequentially installed filtering means with magnets, characterized in that it is equipped with a magnetic funnel with a track membrane and a modular electrode unit with a selective sorbent of the Thermoxide brand in a magnetic casing, while the filtering means is made in the form of dropper filters with ion-exchange resins, installed between the funnel and the modular electrode unit and are interconnected, the funnel and the unit through magnetic tubes.