RU213041U1 - Composite device - Google Patents

Abstract

форму, включающую горизонтально ориентированное основание, две стойки, две опоры. Верхняя водопроницаемая лента закреплена к двум опорам посредством вертикально ориентированных держателей. Концевые участки вертикально ориентированных держателей размещены за пределами горизонтально ориентированного основания и скреплены с последним. 3 ил.

The utility model relates to composite devices and can be used in construction and other sectors of the economy. The technical result (main) is the implementation of the purpose by the utility model. The obtained technical result (additional) is a decrease in local hydraulic resistance in the place through which water is supplied to the matrix, an increase in the contact area of the filler surface intended for bonding with the matrix. What is new is that the matrix is formed by a mixture of dry construction dispersed on a cement binder. The filler is formed by an upper water-permeable tape made of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile with polypropylene fibers, a lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric formed from polypropylene threads woven together. The upper permeable tape and the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are installed to form the boundary of the embedded cavity in which the matrix is placed. From bundles of polypropylene fibers of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile, vertically oriented holders with end sections are made. Vertically oriented holders are placed under the lower surface of the upper permeable tape and in the matrix. Sections of the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are placed relative to each other to form a structural element having a cross section

a form including a horizontally oriented base, two racks, two supports. The upper permeable tape is fixed to two supports by means of vertically oriented holders. The end sections of the vertically oriented holders are placed outside the horizontally oriented base and fastened to the latter. 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to functionally independent composite devices that can be used in construction and other sectors of the economy.

The obtained results of the conducted information search showed that the prior art did not find devices that can be attributed to analogues that have a purpose inherent in the claimed utility model, and, therefore, it is impossible to single out the closest analogue.

The Applicant considers it necessary to note that from the general level of knowledge it is known that any composite device contains two essential identifying features: a matrix and a filler communicated with each other, and these features are immanent, and, therefore, are subject to indication in the restrictive part of the independent claim of the claimed utility models.

Further description of the claimed utility model will be made taking into account the specified circumstance.

Technical problem: creation of a composite device that provides a decrease in the local hydraulic resistance of the filler in the place through which water is supplied to the matrix, as well as an increase in the contact area of the filler surface in contact with the matrix.

As a general rule, the local hydraulic resistance of the partition is associated with the presence of an obstacle in the path of water movement, and, consequently, its local hydraulic resistance is less if there is no obstacle to the movement of water or there is an obstacle, but its hydraulic resistance is reduced by making through holes in the partition.

As a general rule, the contact area of the baffle surface is higher if protruding elements made of the baffle material are made on its surface, because the outer surface of any protruding element is higher than the area that it occupies on the partition.

This technical problem is significant and needs to be resolved by creating a new reinforcing device that solves the specified technical problem.

The task to be solved by the claimed utility model is the expansion of the arsenal of technical means for a specific purpose by creating a new device with the generic feature "Composite device", which reduces local hydraulic resistance in the place through which water is supplied to the matrix, as well as increasing the contact surface area filler intended for bonding with the composite matrix.

As a general rule, a technical problem may consist in expanding the arsenal of tools for a specific purpose, which is solved by creating a technical solution that is alternative to a known solution (creating a variant of a well-known solution), or it can consist in creating a tool for a specific purpose for the first time, while as a technical result provided by such utility model, the implementation of the specified purpose by the utility model should be considered.

The resulting technical result (main) is the implementation of the purpose by the utility model. The obtained technical result (additional) is a decrease in local hydraulic resistance in the place through which water is supplied to the matrix, as well as an increase in the contact area of the filler surface intended for bonding with the matrix.

The technical result is a characteristic of the technical effect, phenomenon, properties, etc., objectively manifested in the manufacture or use of the device.

As a general rule, if during the creation of a utility model the task of expanding the arsenal of technical means for a specific purpose or obtaining such means for the first time is solved, the technical result consists in the implementation of this purpose.

As a general rule, if a utility model provides several technical results, it is recommended to indicate all technical results.

The technical result is presented by the applicant in such a way as to enable the specialist to understand its semantic content based on the prior art.

The Applicant disclosed the problem to be solved by the claimed utility model, indicated the technical result.

форму, включающую горизонтально ориентированное основание, две вертикально ориентированные стойки, размещенные напротив друг друга, две горизонтально ориентированные опоры, каждая из которых ориентирована перпендикулярно относительно отдельной вертикально ориентированной стойки, при этом верхняя водопроницаемая лента закреплена к двум горизонтально ориентированным опорам посредством вертикально ориентированных держателей, а концевые участки вертикально ориентированных держателей размещены за пределами горизонтально ориентированного основания и скреплены с последним.The essence of the claimed utility model lies in the fact that in a composite device containing a matrix and a filler, according to a well-known technical solution, the matrix is formed by a mixture of dry construction dispersion on a cement binder, and the filler is formed by an upper permeable tape with an outer surface and a lower surface made of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile with polypropylene fibers, a bottom polypropylene woven geotextile fabric with an inner surface and a support surface formed from polypropylene yarns woven together, an upper permeable tape and a bottom polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are installed opposite each other to form the boundary of the embedded cavity, in which a matrix is placed, while vertically oriented holders with end sections are made from bundles of polypropylene fibers of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextiles, and the vertical axially oriented holders are placed under the lower surface of the upper permeable tape and in the matrix, and sections of the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are placed relative to each other to form a structural element having a cross section

a shape comprising a horizontally oriented base, two vertically oriented posts placed opposite each other, two horizontally oriented supports, each of which is oriented perpendicular to a separate vertically oriented post, while the upper permeable tape is fixed to the two horizontally oriented supports by means of vertically oriented holders, and the end sections of the vertically oriented holders are located outside the horizontally oriented base and fastened to the latter.

The essence of the claimed utility model is characterized by the following set of essential features:

- matrix;

- filler;

- the matrix is formed by a mixture of dry construction dispersed on a cement binder;

- the filler is formed by an upper permeable tape with an outer surface and a lower surface made of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile with polypropylene fibers, a lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric with an inner surface and a supporting surface formed of polypropylene threads woven together;

- the upper permeable tape and the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are installed opposite each other to form the boundary of the embedded cavity in which the matrix is placed;

- vertically oriented holders with end sections are made from bundles of polypropylene fibers of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextiles;

- vertically oriented holders are placed under the lower surface of the upper permeable tape and in the matrix;

форму, включающую горизонтально ориентированное основание, две вертикально ориентированные стойки, размещенные напротив друг друга, две горизонтально ориентированные опоры, каждая из которых ориентирована перпендикулярно относительно отдельной вертикально ориентированной стойки;- sections of the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are placed relative to each other with the formation of a structural element having a cross section

a form including a horizontally oriented base, two vertically oriented posts placed opposite each other, two horizontally oriented supports, each of which is oriented perpendicular to a separate vertically oriented post;

- the upper permeable tape is fixed to two horizontally oriented supports by means of vertically oriented holders;

- the end sections of the vertically oriented holders are located outside the horizontally oriented base and fastened to the latter.

The claimed utility model is a technical solution related to the device, since it contains a set of essential features related to the device, sufficient to solve the specified technical problem and achieve the technical result (main and additional) provided by the utility model.

The claimed utility model does not contradict the known laws of nature and the knowledge of modern science about them.

The claimed features of the utility model, which are expressed in an independent claim of the utility model, are essential, because they affect the possibility of obtaining the specified technical result, i.e. are in a direct causal relationship with the specified technical result.

It is the implementation of the utility model with the claimed set of essential features that provides a solution to the problem and the achievement of the claimed technical result.

The terms and definitions used by the applicant of the utility model are applied in the sense that are defined:

- GOST R 53225-2008. Geotextile materials. Terms and Definitions;

- GOST 31357-2007. Dry building mixes based on cement binder. General technical conditions;

- GOST 31189-2003. Dry building mixes. Classification.

Geotextile material (geotextile): Flat permeable synthetic or natural textile material (non-woven, woven or knitted) used in contact with soil and (or) other materials in transport, pipeline construction and hydraulic structures (clause 3.2.2 GOST R 53225- 2008 Geotextile materials Terms and definitions).

Non-woven geotextile: a material consisting of oriented and (or) non-oriented (randomly arranged) fibers, threads, filaments and other elements fastened by mechanical, thermal, physical and chemical methods and their combination in various combinations (clause 3.2.3 GOST R 53225 -2008).

Woven geotextile: a material obtained by plain weaving, as a rule, of two systems of threads, filaments and (or) other elements (warp and weft) (paragraph 3.2.4 of GOST R 53225-2008).

Needle punching: The process in which needles pull bundles of fibers through a fibrous canvas or its combination with other materials (fabric, film, foil) (clause 3.2.11 GOST R 53225-2008).

Thermal bonding: A process in which a fibrous web of thermofusible or bicomponent fibers is bonded by high-temperature exposure with or without pressure (paragraph 3.2.16 of GOST R 53225-2008).

There are several types of geotextiles:

1) woven;

2) non-woven;

3) needle-punched, where bundles of threads are pulled with a special needle through the fabric;

4) thermally bonded, made, for example, by the method of thermal calendering.

Non-woven fabric is a chaotic interweaving of threads, characterized by the absence of a clear direction structure. Thermally bonded nonwoven material can only pass water in the transverse direction.

Dry construction mixes: Mixtures of dry components containing binders, fillers, fillers, modifying additives and manufactured in the factory (GOST 31189-2003 Appendix A (mandatory).

Dry dispersed mixtures: Mixtures containing aggregate with a grain size of not more than 0.63 mm (GOST 31189-2003 Appendix A (mandatory).

Hardened mortars (concrete): Artificial stone materials, which are hardened mixtures of binders, fillers, aggregates, chemical additives and pigments (if necessary) (clause 3.2 of GOST 31357-2007).

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of the composite device; in fig. 2 - section A-A of Fig. one; in fig. 3 shows the formation of vertically oriented holders from bundles of polypropylene fibers of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextiles.

The composite device consists of the following elements:

форму, содержащую вертикально ориентированные стойки 2 и 5, горизонтально ориентированные опоры 3 и 6, горизонтально ориентированное основание 4, устройство композитное также содержит закладную полость в которой размещена матрица 7, вертикально ориентированные держатели 8 с концевыми участками 9.upper permeable tape 1 (see Fig. 1, 2, 3) with an outer surface G and a lower surface D, a lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric with an inner surface B and a supporting surface E, separate sections of which are placed relative to each other to form a structural element, having a cross section

a form containing vertically oriented racks 2 and 5, horizontally oriented supports 3 and 6, a horizontally oriented base 4, the composite device also contains an embedded cavity in which a matrix 7 is placed, vertically oriented holders 8 with end sections 9.

The upper permeable tape 1 with the outer surface G and the lower surface D is made of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile formed by polypropylene fibers interlocked with each other.

The execution of the upper permeable tape 1 of needle-punched non-woven geotextile is an essential feature, because. It is this geotextile that makes it possible to extract bundles of polypropylene fibers from it, without mechanical destruction of the latter, to form the required vertically oriented holders 8 from them.

The execution of the upper permeable tape 1 of thermally bonded non-woven geotextile is also an essential feature, because. it is the specified geotextile that allows water to pass only in the transverse direction, and it is this property that is necessary for supplying water precisely to the matrix 7 located in the embedded cavity (conventionally not indicated by the position).

форму, включающую горизонтально ориентированное основание 4, две вертикально ориентированные стойки 2 и 5, размещенные напротив друг друга, две горизонтально ориентированные опоры 3 и 6, каждая из которых ориентирована перпендикулярно относительно отдельной вертикально ориентированной стойки 2 и 5. Верхняя водопроницаемая лента 1 сообщена с двумя горизонтально ориентированными опорами 3 и 6 и закреплена к последним посредством вертикально ориентированных держателей 8.The upper permeable tape 1 and the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are installed opposite each other with the formation of an embedded cavity, where the matrix 7 is placed. 7 under the lower surface D of the upper permeable tape 1 in such a way that their end sections 9 are placed outside the horizontally oriented base 4 and fastened to the latter. The upper permeable tape 1 and the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric form the boundary of the embedded cavity in which the matrix 7 is placed.

form, including a horizontally oriented base 4, two vertically oriented racks 2 and 5 placed opposite each other, two horizontally oriented supports 3 and 6, each of which is oriented perpendicular to a separate vertically oriented rack 2 and 5. The upper permeable tape 1 is connected with two horizontally oriented supports 3 and 6 and fixed to the latter by means of vertically oriented holders 8.

The height of the upper permeable tape 1 is selected from the range of 0.8-3 mm.

The height of the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric is selected from the range of 0.5-2 mm.

The height of the composite device is selected from the range of 5-15 mm.

The width of the composite device is selected from the range of 500-2000 mm.

The length of the composite device is selected from the range of 500-150000 mm for the case of production on an industrial scale.

The order of formation of vertically oriented holders 8 is illustrated by the drawing shown in FIG. 3. Form vertically oriented holders 8 with end sections 9 as follows.

The top permeable tape 1 (see Fig. 3) is placed on a substrate with through holes (it is conventionally not shown). The substrate is necessary for horizontal fixation of the upper permeable tape 1 and its retention at the moment of piercing with needles. For piercing, needles are used, on the outer surface of which special cavities are made, the peculiarity of which is that the cavities have a single entrance / exit located on the side of the pointed section of the needle. When moving the needle through a needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile formed by polypropylene fibers linked to each other, the fibers are moved and compacted in the contact zone, but their mechanical destruction is not carried out, then the fiber bundles move into the cavities and are captured by the needle, with further movement of the needle bundles of fibers move together with the needle outside the geotextile. After that, the needle moves back, while the fiber bundles remain outside the geotextile, because. the needle cannot grab them back. After removing the needle from the geotextile, a through hole remains. The number of through holes is selected from the range of 8-12 pieces/cm ² . As a result of the formation of these through holes in the needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile, from which the upper permeable tape 1 is made, the hydraulic resistance of the upper permeable tape 1 decreases. In turn, the movement of fiber bundles outside the geotextile ensures the formation of vertically oriented holders 8 from them. with end sections 9, which provide an increase in the contact area of the surface intended for bonding with the matrix 7.

Thus, the presented arguments point to the significant fact that the claimed utility model provides a reduction in the local hydraulic resistance of the upper permeable tape 1. Also, the arguments presented indicate that the claimed utility model provides an increase in the contact area of the filler surface intended for bonding with the matrix 7.

This circumstance indicates the achievement of the claimed technical result. The claimed utility model provides for the expansion of the arsenal of tools for the specified purpose.

Implementation of the utility model.

The matrix 7, placed in the mortgage cavity, performs the function of a support for the upper permeable tape 1, at the moment of its piercing with needles.

The upper permeable tape 1 was made of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile brand Bontec NW26 (hereinafter referred to as geotextile), introduced into civil circulation on the territory of the Russian Federation.

Performed actions to determine the local hydraulic resistance of the geotextile section for its two states as follows.

The first state is when the geotextile is not pinned.

I took a pipe with an inner diameter of 30 mm. I made a plug from needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile of the Bontec NW26 brand, which I fixed to the end of the pipe and blocked the pipe section with it. He placed 1000 ml of distilled water in the cavity of the pipe, installed the pipe vertically and recorded the time spent on passing distilled water through the layer of the specified geotextile, which was 43 seconds.

The second state is when the geotextile is pinned.

In the experiment used a sample tape with dimensions: length 500 mm; width 500 mm. He made a tooling in the form of a steel punch with steel needles. Punson with needles installed on vertical guides and spring-loaded it. Punch dimensions: length 500 mm, width 500 mm. I fixed the needles on the punch at the rate of 8 pieces / cm ² . I used needles with a diameter of 2 mm with cavities shown in Fig. 3. I made a support from a steel sheet with through holes with a diameter of 2.2 mm, which I placed so that they could be aligned with the needles attached to the punch. He placed the geotextile on the indicated support, and then applied force and moved the punch with needles down in such a way that the bundles of geotextile fibers penetrated into the cavities of the needles, and then the bundles of fibers, together with the needles, moved outside the geotextile, after which, under the action of the springs, the punch with the needles moved upwards, while the fiber bundles remained outside the geotextile and formed vertically oriented holders 8.

After performing the indicated actions for needle punching the geotextile, he performed actions to determine the time spent on passing distilled water through the layer of geotextile after needle punching, and the conditions for carrying out the actions were carried out while maintaining the experimental conditions that were at the first time measurement.

I took a pipe with an inner diameter of 30 mm. I made a plug from needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile Bontec NW26, which was obtained after needle punching, fixed it to the end of the pipe and blocked the pipe section. He placed 1000 ml of distilled water in the cavity of the pipe, installed the pipe vertically and recorded the time spent on passing distilled water through the layer of the specified geotextile, which was 32 seconds.

The obtained results of the experiments indicated that the time spent on passing a unit volume of distilled water through a layer of geotextile is 43 seconds, and the time spent on passing a unit volume of distilled water through a layer of geotextile, after its needle piercing, is 32 seconds, which indicates a decrease in local hydraulic resistance of the geotextile after its needling, and, therefore, ensures the achievement of the technical result in this part.

The results of the experiments carried out indicated that vertically oriented holders 8 are provided, which protrude beyond the surface D of the upper permeable tape 1, which ensures an increase in the contact area of the surface intended for bonding with the matrix, and, therefore, ensures the achievement of the technical result in the specified parts.

After performing the above measurements, I made a composite device as follows.

The lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric with an inner surface B and a supporting surface E was made of Bontec SG 40/40 geotextile, introduced into civil circulation on the territory of the Russian Federation. The thickness of the geotextile sheet was chosen 1 mm. He placed a geotextile sheet on a substrate (not shown in the drawings).

форму, содержащую вертикально ориентированные стойки 2 и 5 (см. фиг. 2), горизонтально ориентированные опоры 3 и 6, горизонтально ориентированное основание 4, причем указанные конструктивные элементы образовали участки границы закладной полости.Separate sections of the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric were placed relative to each other with the formation of a structural element having a cross section

a form containing vertically oriented racks 2 and 5 (see Fig. 2), horizontally oriented supports 3 and 6, horizontally oriented base 4, and these structural elements formed sections of the boundary of the embedded cavity.

He formed a matrix 7 (see Fig. 2) from a ready-made standardized mixture of dry construction dispersed on a cement binder grade M200 (where, wt. h: cement - 1; sand - 2.8), which he placed in the mortgage cavity.

Formed the upper permeable tape 1 of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile brand Bontec NW26.

Peripheral sections of the upper permeable tape 1 were laid on horizontally oriented supports 3 and 6 (see Fig. 2), and the remaining section was laid on a matrix 7, then, using needles, he sewed the peripheral sections of the upper permeable tape 1 with horizontally oriented supports 3 and 6 using bundles of polypropylene fibers of the needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile of the upper permeable tape 1. The stitching was carried out by using the needles shown in FIG. 3, also the upper permeable tape 1 with a horizontally oriented base 4 in such a way that the vertically oriented holders 8 are located under the lower surface D of the upper permeable tape 1 and in the matrix, and their end sections 9 are located outside the horizontally oriented base 4, as shown in Fig. . 2. As a result of these actions, a functionally independent device "Composite Device" was obtained.

In this form, the composite device was transported to the place of its use, then laid it on the required surface, and then uniformly supplied water to the matrix 7 through the upper permeable tape 1. After the interaction of water with the mixture and holding the required time, the matrix 7 was bonded to the filler and the formation concrete of the required rigid and durable form.

The claimed utility model implements the specified purpose and provides a technical result.

The claimed utility model is a technical solution related to the device, since the formula of the utility model contains a set of essential features related to the device, sufficient to solve the technical problem indicated by the applicant and achieve the technical result provided by the utility model.

From the above list of features of the claimed utility model and the solution of the problem, it is clearly seen that the solution is a new set of essential features that provide a new technical result, unknown at the date of filing this application.

The claimed utility model provides a solution to the problem and obtaining a new technical result, which can actually be obtained by using it. There is a direct causal relationship between the set of essential features of the claimed utility model and the achieved technical result, since each of the features of an independent claim of the utility model is necessary, and together they are sufficient to ensure a new technical result. Each essential feature of the utility model, which is expressed in an independent claim of the utility model, affects the achievement of the above technical result.

Each feature of the utility model individually is essential, and their combination forms a set of essential features of the utility model that affect the achievement of the technical result. The features of the utility model, which characterize the mutual placement of individual elements of the device relative to each other, are also significant, because have an impact on the achievement of the technical result and the solution of the problem.

The claimed utility model is industrially applicable, because can be used in industry, agriculture, healthcare and other sectors of the economy or in the social sphere, where objects of the declared purpose are used. The claimed utility model can be reproduced in the form as it is described in an independent claim of the utility model using known and available materials, technologies, technological equipment and existing skills of workers. In the case of the implementation of the utility model, it is indeed possible to implement the above purpose and obtain the claimed technical result.

The claimed utility model is new, because it is unknown from the prior art. It is not known from the prior art a set of essential features of the claimed utility model and their impact on obtaining the claimed technical result.

The essential features of a utility model are of a technical nature, identifiable and characterized in terms that are known in the art.

The set of essential features of the claimed utility model is necessary and sufficient to obtain the claimed technical result. The claimed set of features of the utility model provides an unexpected, unusual super-total technical result, which exceeds the technical result obtained from each essential feature separately, in relation to the objects of the specified purpose.

The claimed utility model complies with the patentability conditions provided for in paragraph one of clause 1 of Article 1351 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation (hereinafter referred to as the Code): it is a technical solution related to the device, the specified technical result is achieved, there is a causal relationship between the features of the claimed utility model and the specified technical As a result, the description of the utility model contains a justification for achieving the technical result provided by the utility model, the utility model does not contradict the known laws of nature and the knowledge of modern science about them.

The applicant complied with the requirements for the application documents provided for by subparagraphs 1-4 of paragraph 2 of Article 1376 of the Code. The description of the utility model discloses it in sufficient detail for the implementation of the utility model by a person skilled in the art. The application documents contain information about the purpose of the utility model, about the technical result provided by the utility model, a set of essential features necessary to achieve the technical result specified by the applicant is disclosed. The Applicant complied with the established requirements for the application documents used when disclosing the essence of the utility model and disclosing information about the possibility of implementing the utility model.

The applicant complied with the requirements established by subparagraph 3 of paragraph 2 of Article 1376 of the Code for the content of the utility model claims.

Thus, the claimed utility model is a device that meets the required conditions for the patentability of the utility model (novelty, industrial applicability), the description of the utility model discloses its essence with completeness sufficient for the implementation of the utility model by a specialist in this field of technology, the utility model provides the claimed technical result, solution of the task.

Claims (1)

A composite device containing a matrix and a filler, characterized in that the matrix is formed by a mixture of dry building dispersed on a cement binder, and the filler is formed by an upper water-permeable tape with an outer surface and a lower surface made of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile with polypropylene fibers, a lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric with an inner surface and a supporting surface formed from polypropylene threads woven together, the upper water-permeable tape and the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are installed opposite each other to form the boundary of the embedded cavity in which the matrix is placed, while from bundles of polypropylene fibers of needle-punched and thermally bonded non-woven geotextile, vertically oriented holders with end sections are made, moreover, vertically oriented holders are placed under the lower surface of the upper water permeable tape and in the matrix, and sections of the lower polypropylene woven geotextile fabric are placed relative to each other to form a structural element having a cross section

a shape comprising a horizontally oriented base, two vertically oriented posts placed opposite each other, two horizontally oriented supports, each of which is oriented perpendicular to a separate vertically oriented post, while the upper permeable tape is fixed to the two horizontally oriented supports by means of vertically oriented holders, and the end sections of the vertically oriented holders are located outside the horizontally oriented base and fastened to the latter.

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