RU2126474C1 - Device for disassembling of rail fasteners - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway track repair and maintenance machinery and equipment. SUBSTANCE: this can be used for dismantling of rail track links at railway repair depots. Device has power-driven lattice-type drum which is installed on gantry frame at incline. Drum is open at its ends. Also provided is charging pan with opening in its forward wall. Installed at discharge end of drum and below it are receiving conveyors for rail chairs and spikes with trash. Charging pan is connected with drum by charging conveyor so that conveyor forms part of pan bottom. Remaining part of pan bottom is made in the form of movable vertical platform which is spring-biased for interaction with pan loading sensor. Rear wall of charging pan is made movable relative to it. Installed above end of conveyor for spikes with trash is vertical magnetic spring-biased plate which can interact with loading sensor. Application of aforesaid embodiment of device ensures more accurate sorting of sleepers and dismantling of rail fasteners at delivery of large number of sleepers through receiving bin together with formation of load units of sorted sleepers. EFFECT: higher efficiency. 2 cl, 5 dwg

Description

 The present invention relates to the field of mechanization of track facilities of railway transport and can be used in the development of links of the rail-sleeper lattice of the railway track at the production bases of track machine stations.

 Dismantling the links of the rail-sleeper lattice with wooden sleepers on modern lines is carried out by grabbing the pads and then squeezing the sleepers. Lining with crutches - sets of fasteners - remain unshared. Separation of sets of fasteners is most effectively done by randomly mixing them in the trellis drum, as a result of which crutches and various debris are separated from the liners and fall out through the mesh of the trellis drum, and then removed from the liner drum (A. S. USSR N 796296, E 01 B 29 / 24). In the process of disassembling the links, the bonds are accumulated, for example, in the accumulating tray and then are loaded into the drum in portions. When loading sets of fasteners into the drum and unloading linings from it, the drum stops, which reduces its efficiency.

 A device is known (A.S. USSR N 1049122, B 07 B 1/18) with an open from the ends inclined mounted trellis drum, which allows it to be loaded with unseparated fasteners and removed from its separated fasteners during continuous rotation, which increases its productivity and efficiency .

 The process of separating fasteners is much more productive than the process of disassembling the links on the line. In addition, the separation lattice drum operates with quite considerable noise and therefore the direct transportation of detachable fasteners from the line disassembling unit to the separation lattice drum is undesirable. As part of the line, the device for separating the fasteners should work offline using an intermediate fastener drive, from where they are fed in portions to the loading tray of the device.

 A device for separating fasteners is known (Yu.A. Orlov. A.V. Egiazaryan. Production bases of track machine stations. - M .: Transport, 1986. - p. 93 - adopted as a prototype), containing open, inclined mounted on the portal frame from the ends of the drive lattice drum mounted at the receiving end of the drum loading tray with a window in the front wall facing the drum, mounted at the issuing end of the drum and under it receiving conveyors for linings and crutches with garbage.

 Open from the ends of the inclined lattice drum allows you to load it and remove fasteners from it without stopping the rotation of the drum. However, loading it immediately with the entire portion of the fasteners complicates the process of their separation, lengthening the mixing process and, accordingly, increasing the time spent in the drum, which leads to an increase in the length of the drum. In addition, this causes an uneven load on the drive motor, the installed power of which should provide mixing at once of all the received portion of fasteners.

 The belt conveyor mounted at the outgoing end of the drum takes over the linings and transports them to the storage tank, allowing them to be sorted during transportation.

 The receiving conveyor for crutches and garbage is made in the form of a removable receiving hopper mounted on a rail movable on a rail mounted under the drum. Separation of crutches from debris on the device is not provided.

 For a modern line for dismantling links of a rail-sleeper grid of a railway track, an autonomously working device for separating high-performance fasteners is required in order to either process fasteners of variable line capacity without changing its work or in a matter of hours or process fasteners after they are accumulated from several shifts of the line.

 Bonding should be supplied in batches, but it is desirable to load the drum uniformly in portions over a period of time until the next batch is fed, which speeds up and improves the conditions for splitting the bonds, makes it possible to load the drive motor evenly, which in turn reduces its installation power, which ultimately increases the efficiency of the bond separation process.

 Conditions should be provided for sorting the linings and the crutches should be separated from the garbage with the accumulation of varieties of linings, crutches and garbage in containers for their subsequent shipment to the warehouse.

 To do this, in the known device for separating fasteners, comprising a drive grate drum open at the ends of the gantry mounted on the portal frame, a loading tray mounted at the receiving end of the drum with a window in the front wall facing the drum, mounted at the output end of the drum and under it receiving conveyors for linings and crutches with garbage, the loading tray is articulated with the drum by the loading conveyor so that the conveyor forms part of the bottom of the tray, the rest of the bottom is made in the form of vertically movable and spring-loaded for interaction with the loading sensor of the platform, and the rear wall is movable along the tray, while a magnetic plate is mounted vertically spring-loaded to interact with the loading sensor of the tray over the end of the conveyor for crutches with garbage.

 In this case, the vertically movable platform of the bottom of the tray is mounted pivotally in the area of the loading conveyor.

 The rear wall of the tray is movable by means of a screw-nut pair with a stationary mounted drive screw, the nut of which is pivotally connected to the wall of the tray by rigid rods.

 The loading conveyor articulation of the loading tray with the drive grate drum obliquely mounted open from the ends so that the conveyor forms part of the bottom of the tray allows only part of the portion of fasteners accepted by the tray to be sent to the drum, while the presence of the conveyor allows this part of the portion of fasteners when it is fed to stretch the drum in time. The execution of the rest of the bottom in the form of a vertically movable and spring-loaded for interaction with the loading sensor of the platform makes it possible after receiving fastenings to receive a signal along which the back wall begins to move along the tray, gradually pushing the fasteners from the platform onto the loading conveyor and, thus, ensure batch feeding of bonds uniform and almost continuous loading of a continuously rotating and almost continuous loading of a continuously rotating trellis drum, h to ensure its rhythmic, high-performance with a minimum installed capacity of the drive motor.

 A continuously rotating drum continuously and evenly issues crutches with garbage and linings to the appropriate conveyors for their further separation, sorting and accumulation in containers.

 The presence of a vertically spring mounted mounted over the conveyor for crutches with debris to interact with the load sensor magnetic plate allows you to separate crutches from debris, accumulating and sending portions of crutches to the tank in automatic mode.

 The hinged fastening of a vertically moving platform of the bottom of the tray in the area of the beginning of the loading conveyor simplifies the design of the bottom with ensuring its reliable operation.

 A screw-nut pair with a stationary mounted drive screw, the nut of which is pivotally connected by rigid rods to the tray wall, allows reliably moving the tray wall with a structurally simple drive.

 In FIG. 1 is a schematic side view of a device; in FIG. 2 is a section AA in FIG. 1, cross section of the tray; in FIG. 3 is a view B in FIG. 1 is a plan view of a rear wall drive; in FIG. 4 - section GG in FIG. 3, fastening rigid rods to the rear wall; in FIG. 5 is a section BB of FIG. 1, an end view of a magnetic plate.

 A frame 2 with a device 3 for adjusting and fixing the angle of inclination of the frame 2 is pivotally mounted on the portal frame 1 of the device for separating fasteners. On the frame 2 on the drive friction rollers 4, a lattice drum open from the ends is mounted 5. The drive of the friction rollers and the longitudinal fixation device drum in the drawings are not shown.

 At the receiving end of the drum 5, a loading tray 6 for a portion of fasteners is mounted with a window 7 in its front wall facing the drum. The loading tray 6 is articulated with the drum 5 by the loading belt conveyor 8 and the slime 9. The loading conveyor 8 forms part of the bottom of the tray, the rest of the bottom of the tray is pivotally mounted on the conveyor hinged 10 by a spring spring 11 of the platform 12, equipped with a probe 13 for interaction with a sensor 14. From the ends, the platform 12 of the bottom is limited by the side walls of the tray, and the stops 15 and 16 above and below.

 The side walls of the lower part of the tray, designed to accommodate a portion of fasteners, are made vertical. The upper part of the tray is equipped with a bell to catch the received portion of fasteners.

 The rear wall of the tray 17 is freely supported by the bottom platform 12 from the ends, it is bounded by the side walls of the tray and the rigid rods 18 are pivotally connected to the nut 19 of the drive screw-nut drive pair. Hard rods 18 with the rear wall 17 are connected with the restriction of its mobility in the vertical plane (figure 4). The lead screw 20, driven by an electric motor 21, is stationary mounted by means of ball bearings 22 on the frame 1.

 At the outgoing end of the drum 5, a receiving belt conveyor 23 for linings is mounted, articulated with a drum with slime 24. At the end of the conveyor and at the side of the conveyor, containers 25 and 26 are installed for accumulating the linings.

 Under the drum 5, a receiving conveyor belt 27 for crutches with garbage, articulated with a drum with a slit 28 and side chopping boards (not shown) is mounted.

 An electromagnetic plate 33 is suspended by a spring 32 above the end of the conveyor on the frame metal structure 29 with the traveling cantilever beam 30 on the drive carriage 31, the electromagnetic plate 33 is suspended, the vertical displacement of which is fixed by the sensor 34. A container 35 for storing crutches is installed on the side of the conveyor 30 under the console 30, and a container is installed from the end of the conveyor 36 to accumulate garbage.

 The device operates as follows.

 Lattice ram 5, loading conveyor 8, receiving conveyors 23 and 26 rotate continuously. A portion of fasteners enters the loading tray 6 and its part, which falls on the loading conveyor 8, immediately begins to move through the window 7 and is gradually fed into the drum. By the action of the mass of the received portion of fasteners, the platform 12 of the bottom of the tray rotates, its free end, overcoming the resistance of the spring 11, drops to the stop 16, and the probe 13 interacts with the load sensor 14. The rear wall 17 of the tray, freely supported on the platform 12 of the bottom, is lowered with it behind due to the hinge fastening of the rigid rods 18 with a nut 19. At the command of the sensor 14, the drive of the screw 20 is turned on and the rear wall 17 begins to move along the tray, gradually pushing the fasteners onto the loading conveyor 8, which in turn gradually flushes them into the drum. In this case, the rear wall 17 remains in the vertical position due to the attachment of rigid rods 18 limiting its vertical mobility. Upon reaching the rear wall of its extreme position, the lead screw drive switches to reverse operation at the signal of the corresponding sensor and the rear wall returns to its original position. With a spring 11, the platform 12 rises to the upper stop 15, capturing the rear wall on itself, which is facilitated by the hinged attachment of the rigid rods 18 to the screw nut 19 and the limited vertical mobility of the connection of the rigid rods to the wall. The tray is ready to receive the next portion of fasteners.

 The bonds continuously and gradually entering the continuously rotating drum are mixed chaotically, as a result of which crutches, debris (mainly gaskets and their residues) and linings are separated. Crutches and debris fall through the mesh of the drum onto the conveyor 27, and the linings from the open issuing end of the drum fall onto the conveyor 23. By adjusting the angle of inclination of the drum by device 3, the minimum time for fastening the bonds in the drum for their complete separation, depending on their condition, is achieved.

 In the process of moving the pads by the conveyor 23, they are discarded, for which they are removed and placed in the side container 26 of the liner, the variety of which is a minority, and the remaining pads, the majority of which are sorted, are placed in the end container 25.

 Crutches moved by conveyor 27 rush toward the switched on electromagnetic plate, and the garbage is dumped into the end container 36. As crutches accumulate, the vertically loaded electromagnetic plate 33 lowers by compressing the spring 32 until the load sensor 34 trips. By the signal of the sensor, the electromagnetic plate moves to the container 35 automatically according to the signals of the corresponding sensors, it is freed from crutches and again takes its initial position.

 The containers, as they are filled with fasteners or garbage, are unloaded to the warehouse, for which one or another conveyor stops, or at this time, the supply of fasteners to be separated is stopped.

Claims (3)

 1. A device for separating fasteners, comprising an inclined drive grating drum, open from the ends, mounted on a portal frame, a loading tray mounted at the receiving end of the drum with a window in the front wall facing the drum, mounted at the output end of the drum and below it receiving conveyors for linings and crutches with garbage, characterized in that the loading tray is articulated with the drum by the loading conveyor so that the conveyor forms part of the bottom of the tray, the rest of the bottom is made in the form of vertically movable stage, to interact with the spring-loading tray sensor and tray rear wall is movable along it, wherein the end of the conveyor for the litter with crutches mounted vertically spring-loaded to interact with the magnetic sensor load plate.  2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the vertically movable platform of the bottom of the tray is pivotally mounted in the area of the loading conveyor.  3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rear wall of the tray is movable by means of a screw-nut pair with a stationary mounted drive screw, the nut of which is pivotally connected to the wall of the tray by rigid rods.

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