RU212546U1 - Hydropower plant with rotary converter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices of alternative sources in the field of hydropower and can be used to convert the energy of waves or currents in rivers, tides to generate electricity. To obtain high energy values and increase efficiency, a power plant is proposed in which the energy converter is made in the form of a rotary converter, there are rotary blades in front of the entrance to the cavitation path, and aerodynamic blades are installed in front of the entrance to the rotor cavity, and the rotation of the shaft converter rotor is a source of rotation of the hydro generator rotor shaft, while the body of the converter assembly is fixed in the annular groove of the output ring.

Description

The utility model relates to devices of alternative sources in the field of hydropower and can be used to convert the energy of waves or currents in rivers, tides to generate electricity.

Devices are known for converting the flow of water or waves and tides into electricity using various mechanical devices (pistons, turbines, levers, etc.) (for example, according to AS No. 178338, No. 868097) conversion devices, which determines their low efficiency (efficiency).

Devices for generating hydropower using piezoelectric elements are known (AS No. 1208297, bull. No. 4 of 30.01.86; AS No. 1209917 Bull. No. 5 of 02.07.86). The disadvantage of these devices is the low efficiency. due to the implementation of the inverse piezoelectric effect.

A device is known (Hydropower plant. Utility model patent No. 183125 (bul. No. 26 dated 09/11/2018), in which, to increase the efficiency, a plate-type hydrodynamic emitter is used. This device is taken by us as a protopit. The main disadvantages The use of plate emitters limits the field of cavitation vortices only to the side surfaces of flat emitters, and allows you to remove electric current only from piezoelectric elements located on the side surfaces of the conduit walls. .

To obtain higher values of the received electrical energy, a hydropower plant is proposed, containing a water storage tank, a pressure conduit installed in it with the formation of a cavitation path, an energy converter with piezoelectric elements protected by an elastic waterproof shell, according to the utility model, the energy converter is made in the form of a hydrodynamic converter, including a rotor and a stator with a housing, equipped with a hydrogenerator and an output ring with power spokes, while piezoelectric elements are installed in the housing, rotary blades are installed in front of the entrance to the cavitation path, and profiled blades are installed in front of the rotor on its shaft.

In addition, the blades are made profiled in the direction of the rotary blades. The converter rotor shaft is made with the possibility of rotation of the hydrogenerator rotor. The stator housing of the converter is fixed in the annular groove of the power spokes of the output ring.

The proposed device is shown in Fig. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, where:

fig. 1 - general view,

fig. 2 - section of the rotary converter,

fig. 3 - cross section,

fig. 4 - section A-A,

fig. 5 - rotary blades of the cavitation tract,

fig. 6 - profiled aerodynamic rotor blades,

fig. 7 - node I - connection of the stator with the output ring.

Here: 1 - tank, 2 - pressure inclined annular water conduit, 3 - power input spokes, 4 - rotary blades of the cavitation tract, 5 - converter unit housing, 6 - piezoelectric elements, 7 - electrical outputs from piezoelectric elements, 8 - converter stator with a hole " B", 9 - output ring with spokes, 10 - electrical outlets from the hydro generator, 11 - hydro generator, 12 - outlet pipe, 13 - rear rotation units, 14 - rear bottom of the rotor, 15 - converter rotor with holes "a", 16 - shaft, 17 - elastic waterproof shell, 18 - profiled aerodynamic blades, 19 - front rotation units, 20 - tip, 21 - ring, 22 - cavitation path.

The proposed installation contains a tank 1, which accumulates water (tides, river flow, wave processes). A pressure inclined annular conduit 2 departs from the tank 1, having a tapering confuser shape, which makes it possible to increase the water velocity at the entrance to the body of the converter unit 5. At the entrance to the body 5, the water flow is divided. Part of the water passes through the rotary blades 4 of the cavitation path 22 and moves along a spiral path along the cavitation path inside the body of the transducer assembly 5, on the inner surface of which piezoelectric elements 6 are fixed, covered with an elastic waterproof shell 17. shown). The other part of the water passes through the power input spokes 3, which have a streamlined shape, the spokes 3 at one end are fixed to the converter stator 8, on which there are holes "in", and the other end is connected to the ring 21, inside which the rotation unit 19 is located. Ring 21 together with the rotation unit 19 is located inside the tip 20, which has a streamlined shape. The flow of water passing through the input spokes 3 enters the zone of profiled aerodynamic blades 18, which begin to spin the shaft 16, which rotates in the nodes of rotation 19 and 13. The rotation of the shaft 16 drives the rotor of the converter 15, which has holes "a". The inner part of the cavity of the rotor 15 is closed by the rear bottom of the rotor 14. The body of the converter assembly 5 rests on the outlet ring 9, which has streamlined power spokes in the area of the hydraulic path (sec. A-A, Fig. 8). The inner part of the ring 9 has a hole for the passage of the shaft 16 and the establishment of the rear rotation unit 13. At the outlet of the ring 9, the shaft 16 is connected to the hydrogenerator 11, from which there are electrical outlets 10. Along the outer diameter of the inner part of the ring 9 there is an annular groove for fixing the stator housing transducer 8. Branch pipe 12 is attached to the body of the transducer unit 5.

The proposed device works as follows.

The water accumulated in the tank 1, due to the difference in levels, rushes down the inclined annular conduit 2, where it accelerates due to the narrowing of the channel and enters the body of the converter unit 5. Part of the water passes through the rotary inclined blades 4 and, moving along the cavitation path 22, acquires a spiral trajectory. The organization of the spiral trajectory of the water flow makes it possible to turbulize the flow, which intensifies the cavitation processes. In addition, the spiral trajectory lengthens the path of water movement in the cavitation path and this increases the energy efficiency of the piezoelectric elements. At the same time, the other part of the water passes through the input spokes 3 with a streamlined shape and flows onto the profiled aerodynamic blades 18. The flow of water around the blades 18, which have an aerodynamic profile, leads to the emergence of lift on the blades and causes intense rotation of the shaft 16, on which the blades are fixed 18. The rotation of the shaft 16 causes an intensive rotation of the rotor 15, mounted on the shaft 16. The internal cavity of the rotor 15 is closed by the rear bottom 14, and the incoming liquid begins to flow through the existing holes "a". Around the rotor 15 is the stator of the converter 8, fixed motionless with the spokes 3 and the rear bottom 8. On the stator 8 there are holes "in". When the rotor 15 rotates, there is a rapid alternation of alignment and misalignment of holes "a" and "b", as a result of which, in the liquid flowing into the cavity, where water flows along a spiral path after inclined blades 4, the resulting pressure surges form cavitation cavities. The resulting pressure surges are fixed by piezoelectric elements and electrical potentials are removed from electrical terminals 7. Piezoelectric elements 6 are protected from water by an elastic waterproof shell 17. Shaft 16 rotating in rotation nodes 19 and 13 due to the action of forces on the blades 18 passes through the hole of the output ring 9 and transmits rotation to the hydrogenerator 11, which generates electricity and transmits it through electrical outputs 10. The movement of water after the cavitation tract is carried out through the spokes of the output ring 9 and is removed through the branch pipe 12. Thus, using the proposed hydrodynamic installation, it is possible to obtain ecological electricity, using it as piezoelectric elements , as well as a hydraulic turbine.

Claims (4)

1. A hydropower plant containing a water storage tank, a pressure conduit installed in it with the formation of a cavitation path, an energy converter with piezoelectric elements protected by an elastic waterproof shell, characterized in that the energy converter is made in the form of a hydrodynamic converter, including a rotor and a stator with a housing, equipped with a hydrogenerator and an output ring with power spokes, while piezoelectric elements are installed in the housing, rotary blades are installed in front of the entrance to the cavitation path, and profiled blades are installed in front of the rotor on its shaft. 2. Hydropower plant according to claim. 1, characterized in that the blades are made profiled in the direction of the rotary blades. 3. Hydropower plant according to claim. 1, characterized in that the rotor shaft of the converter is made with the possibility of rotation of the rotor of the hydrogenerator. 4. Hydropower plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the stator housing of the converter is fixed in the annular groove of the power spokes of the output ring.

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