RU183125U1 - HYDRO POWER PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

A hydropower plant refers to hydropower and can be used to convert wave energy or currents in rivers to produce electricity.

Using the proposed device will increase the efficiency generated electric current.

The hydropower installation is a water storage tank with a pressure conduit in which the energy converter is made in the form of a plate-type hydrodynamic radiator, and a slot guide device is installed in front of the radiator coaxially to the plate radiator, and the installation is equipped with several additional consecutive slot-type guide devices with plate-type hydrodynamic radiators located on the pressure head conduit. The water storage tank has a tapering channel, which is a concentrator of the water flow, made in the form of two confuser reflectors. Getting on the blade of the emitter, the liquid jet breaks off and forms cavitation vortices, which pulsate, move downstream the water duct, collapse and generate pressure pulses. These pulses act on the piezoelectric elements placed along the conduit behind the protective elastic coating and, due to the direct piezoelectric effect, the electric potential is removed. 2 cp, 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to hydropower and can be used to convert wave energy or currents in rivers to produce electricity.

Known devices for converting the flow of water or tidal waves into electrical potential using various mechanical drives (levers, pistons, turbines, etc.). For example: A.S. No. 178338.

The disadvantages of such devices are that in these drives there are large energy losses and such devices have a very low efficiency (efficiency).

Known devices and installations for generating hydropower without various mechanical transducers, for example, using piezoelectric elements (A.S. No. 7208297, Bull. No. 4 from 01/30/86 g; A.S. No. 1209917, Bulletin No. 5 from 02/07/86 .). A serious challenge for such devices is the generation of variable pressures in the fluid. In the device by A.S. No. 1209917 the occurrence of pressure pulsations is proposed to be implemented by supplying power to modulating piezoelectric elements. This device, this device is accepted by us as a prototype. The disadvantages of the prototype are as follows: in the prototype the reverse piezoelectric effect is used sequentially, in which alternating electric potentials are applied to the modulating elements and they, changing their geometric dimensions, create an alternating pressure in the liquid. In the future, it is assumed that this variable pressure creates a direct piezoelectric effect on the piezoelectric elements and leads to a potential difference on the piezoelectric elements in the conduit cavity. However, the effect of direct and reverse piezoelectric action is not equivalent, but is determined by the piezoelectric module d. (In the book by D.G. Gershgal, V.M. Fridman, "Ultrasonic Technological Equipment." Ed. 3rd, revised and enlarged M: "Energy" 1976, 320 pp. 61-63.) . The piezoelectric module d determines the proportionality of the change in the size of the piezoelectric element from the applied voltage U: ΔdU.

An example of the value of d for a quartz plate is 6.9 * 10 ^-6 mm; barium lead niobate-550; lead zirconate titanate -770 (Table 3-3, p. 63) “A simple calculation shows that a voltage of 1000 V applied to the electrodes of a quartz plate causes a change in its size by parts per millimeter (2 * 10 ^-6 mm); the amplitude of plate vibrations will be very small (p. 61).

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the use of modulating elements of piezocrystals is ineffective, because the resulting pressure variables in the liquid will be negligible and the efficiency Installation will be very small.

The technical result of the proposed technical solution is to increase the efficiency due to the generation of high-pressure oscillations in the liquid.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that in a hydropower installation containing a water storage tank, a pressure water conduit, an energy converter, piezoelectric elements and an elastic waterproof shell, the energy converter is made in the form of a plate-type hydrodynamic radiator, and a slot guide device is installed in front of the radiator, coaxially to the plate radiator, and the unit is equipped with several additional consecutive slotted guiding devices with hydrodynamic and lamellar-type radiators located along the pressure conduit, and the water storage tank has a narrowing channel, which is a concentrator of the water flow, made in the form of two confuser reflectors.

The essence of the utility model is illustrated in FIG. 1 - FIG. 3, where:

FIG. 1 is a general diagram of a hydropower installation;

figure 2 - diagram of the conduit (cross section) with hydrodynamic emitters;

FIG. 3 - location of confusers and hydrodynamic emitters.

Here:

1 - water storage tank;

2 - an inclined pressure head conduit;

3 - slotted guide apparatus;

4 - hydrodynamic emitter;

5 - piezoelectric elements;

6 - elastic waterproof shell;

7 - bracket.

The installation contains a water storage tank 1. An inclined pressure pipe 2 departs from it, in which a flow of water into the slotted guide apparatus 3 is organized. Depending on the amount of water in the catchment tank 1 and its size, the pipe 2 may have several tapering channels in which due to narrowing, the flow rate of water increases. After the acceleration unit, a plate-type hydrodynamic emitter 4 is installed, which is fixed in the bracket 7. After the radiation zone, piezoelectric elements 5 are installed on the walls of the water conduit 2, protected from the action of the liquid by an elastic impenetrable shell 6, from which electric potentials are removed. To protect the walls of the conduit 2 from cavitation damage, the entire inner surface together with the piezoelectric elements 5 is covered with an elastic protective shell through which pressure is transmitted to the piezoelectric elements 5.

Installation works as follows.

Water from the water storage tank 1 under pressure flows through the pressure conduit 2, enters the slotted guide apparatus 3, where the water flow rate increases. A jet of water flows at high speed onto a plate-type hydrodynamic emitter 4 mounted in an arm 7 having a flat plate-like shape. Getting on the blade of the emitter, the liquid jet breaks off and forms cavitation vortices, which, pulsating, move downstream of the water conduit 2. They collapse and form pressure pulses in the liquid. These pulses act through the elastic waterproof shell 6 on the piezoelectric elements 5 arranged along the conduit 2 and, due to the direct piezoelectric effect, the electric potential can be removed.

Using the proposed device will increase the generated electric current, without the use of various mechanical converters.

Claims (3)

1. Hydroelectric installation containing a water storage tank, a pressure water conduit that contains an energy converter, piezoelectric elements and an elastic waterproof shell, characterized in that the energy converter is made in the form of a plate-type hydrodynamic radiator, and a slit guide apparatus is installed in front of the radiator coaxially to the plate radiator. 2. The hydropower installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the installation is equipped with several additional consecutive slotted guide devices with hydrodynamic plate-type radiators located along a pressure conduit. 3. The hydropower installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the water storage tank has a tapering channel, which is a concentrator of the water flow, made in the form of two confuser reflectors.

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