RU2125413C1 - Surgical drill spindle - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering; traumatology; orthopedics. SUBSTANCE: spindle has end- piece with guide. Insert is pressed by spring to end of guide made as decreasing section surface. Insert has two rolling supports moving in insert relative to central hole. End piece also has decreasing section surface opposite to similar guide surface to which auxiliary insert with rolling supports is pressed. Spring is positioned between inserts. When moving along generating surface of rolling support decreasing section, needle is clamped due to decrease of clearance available between supports. Auxiliary insert is capable of external movement along central hole. Needle is secured rigidly and may be installed from both rear and front sides of chick. EFFECT: improved convenience in operation, enlarged functional capabilities. 4 cl, 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medical equipment, namely to traumatology and orthopedics. Known surgical electric drill spindle mounted in bearings with a clamping element, while the spindle is made with a through central channel, the clamping element is made in the form of a collet clamp installed inside the shaft, and the associated tensioner. (see A.S. N 644468, A 61 B 17/16, 1976, BI N 4).

 However, the known device is inconvenient in operation and requires in the process of work as the knitting needles are inserted into the patient’s bone to the front depth many additional manipulations. So, after the part of the spoke is inserted into the bone, the electric drill is turned off, the needle is released in the clamp, the electric drill is moved back, releasing the front new portion of the spoke by 4-8 cm, the tensioner is twisted again, and then the work continues, and so on throughout the operation process.

 Known surgical electric drill spindle (see AS N 935091, A 61 B 17/16, 1980, BI N 22) with a through central channel in which the spoke is located, a clamping device associated with the spindle and made in the form of two symmetrically mounted relative to the central channel of the gears with circulation grooves for the spoke and drive.

 The disadvantage of this spindle is the complexity of the design due to the presence of a complex kinematic connection between the elements of the drill: a modular nut, gears, levers and a brake shoe.

 The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a surgical electric drill spindle selected as a prototype (see.with. N 1648402 A1, A 61 B 17/16, 1989, BI N 18, 1991).

 In this drill, the needle is inserted into the spindle only from the rear side and freely moves forward in the process. When carrying out knitting needles, there are often cases when it is necessary to pull the knitting needle out of the bone and return it to its original position in the drill. To do this, the spindle is removed from the spoke, after which the spoke is pulled out of the bone with a special tool (this needle is not suitable for repeated use). After this, a new spoke is installed and the operation continues. This is a significant drawback of this electric drill.

 The aim of the invention is to improve ease of use and expand the functionality of a surgical electric drill. To this end, the issue of the new knitting of the knitting needle has been resolved, which makes it possible to install the knitting needle from both the rear and the front, and also, at the necessary moment, its rigid fastening.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that in the proposed spindle of a surgical drill with a through central hole containing a tip with an inner surface of decreasing cross section, an insert with two rolling bearings freely moving in it relative to the central hole is spring loaded towards the end, according to this statement, the surface is made inside the tip decreasing cross section, opposite to the similar surface of the guide in the spindle, to which an additional liner with supports eniya mounted with the possibility of clamping the spokes by reducing the gap therebetween varying when moving along the generatrix of the surface decreasing cross section, formed on the tip, wherein the insert is an additional possibility of moving along the outside of the central opening and the spring is disposed between the liners.

 Comparative analysis with the prototype shows that the inventive surgical drill spindle with a through central hole is distinguished by a new design of the clamping unit, which makes it possible to install the spokes from both the back and the front, and also, at the right time, its rigid fastening. On the front side, you can install knitting needles with emphasis. This extends the functionality during the operation.

 Thus, the inventive surgical drill spindle with a through central hole meets the criteria of the invention of "novelty."

 In the study of other technical solutions in this technical field, signs that distinguish the claimed invention from the prototype were not identified, and therefore they provide the claimed technical solution with the criterion of "significant differences".

 In FIG. 1 shows a surgical drill with the proposed spindle, General view, section; in FIG. 2 - view A, section.

 The surgical drill contains a housing 1 with a spindle 2 installed in it with a through central hole 3, the clamping mechanism is made in the form of two rollers 4 symmetrical with respect to the central hole, which are located in the axial groove of the insert 5, made in the form of a truncated cone, the rollers 4 freely roll along the generatrix the conical surface of the guide 6, forming a variable gap between each other, due to which the spoke 7 is freely fed forward from the rear side of the drill to the required value of its departure from the front hand, an additional clamping device, consisting of a tip 8, a liner 9, rolling bearings 10, stops 11, and buttons 12. The additional liner 9 is made in the form of a truncated cone with a central groove in which are placed rolling bearings 10, which can freely roll along the generatrix the inner surface of the decreasing section of the guide 13 in the tip 8.

 The spindle of a surgical drill with a through central hole operates as follows. The spoke 7 is inserted from the front side through the channel of the central hole 3. As soon as the spoke reaches the contact with the rollers 4, which are located in the spindle 2, it is firmly clamped. The rolling bearings 10, which are in the tip, firmly grab it, preventing it from slipping backwards, due to the fact that between the rolling bearings 10 when moving along the forming surface of the guide 13 of the tip 8 in the direction of decreasing the taper angle, the gap between the rolling bearings decreases and the pin is automatically clamped 7. This ensures the transmission of the torque required for drilling. To release the knitting needle 7, it is necessary to press the button 12 and turn it, setting the insert 9 on the stops 11, there will be a maximum gap between the rolling bearings 10 - the spoke is free.

 When installing the knitting needle 7 from the back side, it is directed into the central through hole through the tube 14, the hole in the spindle 3 by the required amount of departure from the front side. The knitting needles are clamped automatically. The forward movement of the spokes 7 can occur both in working and inoperative state. If you need to pull the knitting needle 7 out of the bone, you need to turn the button 12 (remove the insert 9 from the stops 11), due to the action of the spring 15, the insert 9 moves towards a decreasing angle in the tip 8, the rolling bearings 10, rolling out along the cone forming towards the decreasing angle, firmly capture the spoke 7. Next, pull the spoke 7 out of the bone by moving the drill onto itself. To continue the operation, return button 12 to its original position.

 The drive of the drill is carried out using a flexible shaft from the electric motor, which is installed on a special rack or from a microelectric motor, which is connected to the drive assembly 16 of the electric drill. Torque is transmitted to the spindle by means of spur gears. The frequency of revolutions is regulated by a start-regulating device.

 The proposed surgical drill spindle provides the ability to install the spokes both from the rear and from the front, and, if necessary, its rigid fixation without the use of additional clamping devices.

Claims (4)

 1. The spindle of a surgical drill containing a tip with a guide, to the end of which, made in the form of a surface of decreasing cross section, a spring is pressed between the bearings with two rolling bearings freely moving relative to the central hole in it, characterized in that the tip has a decreasing section surface opposite to the similar the surface of the guide, to which an additional liner is preloaded with rolling bearings installed with the possibility of pinching the spokes by reducing the available between E clearance when driving on the envelope surface of the decreasing cross section, formed on the tip, wherein the insert is an additional possibility of moving along the outside of the central opening and the spring is disposed between the liners.  2. The spindle according to claim 1, characterized in that the additional liner is made protruding from the tip.  3. The spindle according to claim 2, characterized in that the additional liner is provided with a latch for longitudinal position interacting with the tip.  4. The spindle according to claim 3, characterized in that the latch is made in the form of two protrusions diametrically located relative to the hole on the liner, interacting with two grooves made on the tip.

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