RU2124491C1 - Method of producing compound fertilizer - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: production of fertilizers for agriculture with use of wastes of industrial enterprises, in particular, blast-furnace slags and spent solutions of synthetic rubber plant. SUBSTANCE: method includes treatment during mixing of ground blast-furnace slag with spent aqueous solution of synthetic rubber production containing, wt.%: Cu²⁺, 10-20; NH₃, 10-15; CH₃COO^-, 5-10; water, the balance; pH, 11-12; slag- solution ratio is (25-30):1 and subsequent mechanical activation. Used in the claimed method is slag ground to particles sizing not more than 5 mm and mechanical activation is carried out to obtain particles sizing within 2 mm. Process of mixing of components provides for mixture heating up to 60 C. EFFECT: higher efficiency of fertilizer, prolonged storage life and wide range of service. 4 cl, 1 tbl

Description

 The invention relates to the production of fertilizers for agriculture using industrial wastes, in particular, blast furnace slag, and waste solutions of the chemical industry.

 A known method of producing complex micronutrient fertilizer of long action, including processing with stirring a solid carrier spent copper-containing industrial solutions, separation of the solid phase and drying of the resulting product ed. St. USSR N 998451, C 05 D 9/02, 1983.

 Despite the simplicity of the method, it has a significant duration and a large number of operational transitions, including the preparation of ingredients, their mixing, a complex scheme of mechanical mixing, control of acidity and concentration of trace elements, centrifugation and drying. The copolymer of methacrylic acid with triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (SG-1 copolymer) used as a solid carrier is subject to decomposition in the soil, which makes it possible to question the long-term effect (3-5 years) of the fertilizer.

A known method of obtaining complex micronutrient fertilizers, including processing with stirring of crushed metallurgical slag with a mixture of the spent solution of sulfuric acid etching of ferrous metals and spent electrolytes of galvanic industries ed. St. USSR N 1488290, C 05 D 9/02, 1989
The method is economical and low cost of fertilizer, however, it provides for chemical leaching of chemical elements from slag, which significantly reduces the duration of the fertilizer. The use of such fertilizers in agricultural production requires its regular use, which will affect the cost of production.

 The objective of the invention is to develop a simple method for multifunctional complex fertilizer of high efficiency and long shelf life and storage.

To solve the problem in the known method for producing complex fertilizers, including processing with mixing the crushed metallurgical slag by chemical waste, use slag, crushed to a particle size of not more than 5 mm, and used waste water solutions of synthetic rubber production containing, wt.%:
Cu ²⁺ - 10-20
NH ₃ - 10-15
CH ₃ COO ^- - 5-10
H ₂ O - Else
pH - 11 - 12
in proportion of slag: solution (25-30): 1; while the mixing process is carried out at a temperature not exceeding 60 ^o C, after which the product is mechanically activated by abrasion to a particle size of not more than 2 mm

The powder of blast furnace slag of a fraction of less than 5 mm is a substandard mixture of the construction industry for the use of metallurgical slag in the production of building materials, has a composition, wt.%:
CaO + MgO - 45 - 55
Al ₂ O ₃ - 7-13
SiO ₂ - 35-42
P ₂ O ₅ - Traces
Fe, Mn, Na, K (oxides) - Else
pH 8.5 - 9.0
Example. 100 kg of blast furnace slag powder is poured into a rotating drum with a mixer, 3.5 kg of copper-ammonia spent solution of the Efremov Synthetic Rubber Plant (SC) of the Tula Region are added, and mixed for 10 minutes. In the process of mixing, the mixture is heated to a temperature of 50-60 ^o C due to the processes of exchange, hydration, adsorption,
K ₂ O + H ₂ O = 2KOH;
2 [Cu (NH ₃ ) ₄ ] (CH ₃ COO) ₂ + 4KOH + 8H ₂ O = Cu (OH) ₂ + 4CH ₃ COOK + NH ₄ OH;
CaO + 2CuSO ₄ + H ₂ O = CuSO ₄ + (CuOH) ₂ SO ₄
The resulting mixture is additionally mechanically activated by abrasion in a ball mill in order to disclose alkali and alkaline earth metal oxides. The finished product has the following composition; wt.%
CaO + MgO - 43 - 53
SiO ₂ - 34 - 41
Al ₂ O ₃ - 6 - 12
Cu - 0.5 - 1.0
CH ₃ COO ^- - 0.3 - 0.5
NH ₃ - 0.5 - 0.8
Water - 1.0 - 2.0
P ₂ O ₅ - Traces
Fe, Mn, Na, K (oxides) - Else
pH - 8.7 - 10
With a smaller amount of the injected waste solution, fertilizer is obtained in terms of the effect slightly different from “pure” metallurgical slag. With a large amount of the injected solution, the mixture becomes more heated, the active component, ammonia, is removed, and the deoxidizing ability of the finished product decreases.

Fertilizer according to the claimed method is applied to the soil in any season (spring, autumn), in pairs, together with the main inorganic or organic fertilizers for any crops. The greatest efficiency was obtained in the production of cereals, legumes, potatoes. Experimental data on the use of mineral fertilizer based on blast furnace slag enriched with macro-, microelements, plant growth stimulants, in the cultivation of barley, Karina variety in the experimental plot of gray forest soil with 1.3% humus, 1.2% copper in mobile form mg / kg, pH _kcl 5.1, are tabulated.

In the production of the claimed fertilizer use construction waste based on metallurgical slag, waste solutions for the production of synthetic rubber. It turns out complex fertilizer for a long time (3-5 years) and with a wide spectrum of action: loosening, deoxidation, improving the conditions of aeration and humification of soils, macro- and microelement nutrition of plants. Resource-saving and environmental protection issues are being addressed through the disposal of industrial waste and reducing the emission of greenhouse carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, since the process of acid neutralization in the soil proceeds, unlike liming, according to a simple exchange scheme
MeO + 2H ⁺ = Me ⁺ + H ₂ O
where MeO is a metal oxide;
H ⁺ is a hydrogen cation;
Me ⁺ is a metal cation;
H ₂ O is water.

Claims (3)

 1. A method of producing complex fertilizer, including processing with stirring of crushed metallurgical slag chemical waste products, characterized in that the waste chemical production using spent aqueous solutions of synthetic rubber production in the ratio of slag: solution (25-30): 1, and after mixing the product is mechanically activated. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that they use spent aqueous solutions containing, wt.%:
Cu ²⁺ - 10 - 20
NH ₃ - 10 - 15
CH ₃ COO ^- - 5 - 10
H ₂ O - Else
pH - 11 - 12
3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the use of slag, crushed to a particle size of not more than 5 mm, and mechanical activation is carried out to a particle size of not more than 2 mm 4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the mixing process is carried out at a temperature not exceeding 60 ^o C.

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