RU2123184C1 - Device for diagnostics of biological object condition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medical engineering. SUBSTANCE: device is used for diagnostics of condition of different biological objects (tissues, organs, biological liquids, etc.). Device has "Start" button, control circuit, stabilized current source, switch, time interval meter, two threshold elements, information recording and reading device, storage unit, power level former, probe, first and second sections of circuit, and current corrector. EFFECT: enhanced reliability and efficiency of estimation of biological object condition. 2 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to medicine and can be used to diagnose the state of various biological objects (tissues, organs, biological fluids, etc.).

 Known contact conductivity transducer for recording processes occurring at the electrode-liquid boundary [1].

 However, this device does not allow with sufficient reliability to diagnose the state of a biological object.

 Closest to the proposed device is a device for predicting the dynamics of the inflammatory process [2].

 This device contains an electrochemical sensor with two plane-parallel electrodes, a stabilized current source connected to the first input of the key, the output of which is connected to the input of the first threshold element and through the first section of the circuit to the first electrode of the sensor, the second electrode the sensor through the second section of the circuit is connected to a common bus, a control circuit connected by the first input to the "Start" button, the first output to the second key input, the second output to the second input of the meter I have time intervals, and the output of the first threshold element is connected to the first input of the time interval meter, the second threshold element, the input of which is connected to the first electrode of the probe through the first section of the circuit, and the output is to the third input of the time interval meter.

 However, the efficiency of this device is low, since when assessing the state of a biological object at different energy levels, it is necessary to rebuild the device for each level, which increases the error and delays the process in time.

 The problem to which the invention is directed is to increase the reliability and efficiency of assessing the state of a biological object and obtain an information picture in a short period of time, as the number of measurements per unit time increases.

 This is achieved by the fact that in the device for diagnosing the state of biological objects containing a probe with two electrodes, a stabilized current source connected to the first output with a common bus, the second output with the first key input, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first threshold element and through the first section circuit to the first electrode of the probe, the second electrode of the probe through the second section of the circuit is connected to a common bus, a control circuit connected by the first input to the Start button, the first output to the second key input, the second to the output to the second input of the time interval meter, the output of the first threshold element connected to the first input of the time interval meter, the first input of the second threshold element through the first section of the circuit to the first electrode of the probe, and the output to the third input of the time interval meter, according to the invention are additionally introduced : a device for recording and reading information connected by the first input to the "Poll" button, the second input to the third output of the control circuit, a memory unit, one input of which dynamin with the output of the device for recording and reading information, and information buses with information outputs-inputs of the time interval meter, the second input of the control circuit connected to the third input of the time interval meter, an energy level shaper, the first output of which is connected to the input of the stabilized current source and to the second inputs the first and second threshold elements, and the second input with the fourth output of the control circuit, a current corrector, the output of which is connected to the first input of the shaper nergeticheskih levels.

 The introduction of new elements and relationships can reduce the time of the process of assessing the state of a biological object.

 In FIG. 1 shows a structural diagram of the proposed device, in FIG. Figure 2 shows a graph of the variation of the interelectrode potential on a probe placed in a biological object.

 The device (Fig. 1) contains the Start and Poll buttons, 1 is a control circuit, 2 is a stabilized current source, 3 is a key, 4 is a time interval meter, 5 is a first threshold element, 6 is a second threshold element, 7 - a device for recording and reading information, 8 - a memory block, 9 - a shaper of energy levels, 10 - a probe containing the first and second electrodes, 11 - I-th section of the circuit, 12 - II-th section of the circuit, 13 - current corrector.

 In this case, the stabilized current source 1 is connected to the first output with a common bus, the second output to the first input of the key 3, the output of which is connected to the first input of the first threshold element 5 and through the first section of the circuit 11 to the first electrode of the probe 10, the second electrode of the probe 10 through the second a section of circuit 12 is connected to a common bus, control circuit 1 is connected by the first input to the Start button, the first output to the second input of the key 3, the second output to the second input of the time interval meter 4, and the output of the first threshold element 5 is connected n to the first input of the time interval meter 4, the first input of the second threshold element 6 through the first section of the circuit 11 to the first electrode of the probe 10, and the output to the third input of the time interval meter 4, the information recording and reading device 7 is connected by the first input to the "Poll" button , the second input to the third output of the control circuit 1, the memory unit 8, one input of which is connected to the output of the device for recording and reading information 7, the information buses of the memory unit 8 are connected to the information outputs-inputs of the meter are temporary x intervals 4, the second input of the control circuit 1 is connected to the third input of the time interval meter 4, the first output of the energy level generator 9 is connected to the input of the stabilized current source 2 and to the second inputs of the first 5 and second 6 threshold elements, and the second input of the energy level generator 9 with the fourth output of the control circuit 1, the output of the current corrector 13 is connected to the first input of the shaper of energy levels 9.

 The work is as follows. The current corrector 13 is set with a switch to the mode of the corresponding biological object (tissue, organs, biological fluids, etc.). In this case, the current corrector 13 provides a signal in the form of a reference voltage to the input of the shaper of energy levels 9. The probe 10 is introduced into the biological object under study. When the "Start" button is pressed, the control circuit 1 resets the readings of the time interval meter 4 and generates a command for the energy level generator 9, which in turn generates at the output 1, taking into account the installation of the current corrector 13, the voltage corresponding to the first energy level. This voltage is supplied to the regulatory input of the voltage-controlled source of stabilized current 2 and to the inputs forming the lower and upper levels of operation in the threshold elements 5 and 6. From the control circuit 1, the key 3 is turned on, the current from the stabilized current source 2 is supplied through the key 3 to the first section circuit 11, probe 10, the second section of circuit 12 and a common bus. When current is applied to the electrodes, the process of charging a double electric layer to the voltage level determined by the interelectrode resistance of the probe 10 begins, after which the Faraday process begins and the rate of change of voltage decreases sharply. When the voltage reaches the lower level on the probe 10, the first threshold element 5 is triggered, which starts the time interval meter 4. When the voltage on the probe 10 is equal to the upper level, the second threshold element 6 is triggered, the timing stops by the time interval meter 4. Time information remains on the time meter meter. The output signal from the second threshold element 6 is supplied to the control circuit 1. In the control circuit 1, a pulse is generated, which is transmitted to the information recording and reading device 7, in which the address command is generated in the memory unit 8, after which the information corresponding to the voltage change time from the lower to the upper level at the first energy level, from the time interval meter 4 is written to the memory unit 8. Next, the control circuit 1 sends a signal to zero the time interval meter 4 and to the former energy levels 9, which generates at the output 1, taking into account the installation of the current corrector 13, the voltage corresponding to the next energy level. This voltage is supplied to the regulating input of the voltage-controlled stabilized current source 2 and to the inputs forming the lower and upper triggering levels in the threshold elements 5 and 6. Further, the operation is similar to that described above.

 After the measurement is completed, the memory unit 8 contains information about the measurement time at each of the energy levels. The information from the memory unit 8 is interrogated by an information recording and reading device 7. After pressing the "Interrogate" button, the time interval 4 displays the voltage change time from the lower to the upper level at the first energy level. When the nth button is pressed, the "Poll" indication is displayed for the n-th energy level.

 In FIG. Figure 2 shows the characteristic change in voltage taken from the probe at different energy levels.

Отсчет времени начинается с момента t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{0}}$ (при достижении значения напряжения U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{н}}$ ) и заканчивается в момент времени t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{к}}$ (при достижении значения напряжения U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{в}}$ ). Временной интервал tⁿ (от t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{0}}$ до t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{к}}$ ) фиксирует время изменения напряжения от U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{н}}$ до U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{в}}$ .
В результате с учетом выражения (1) можно определить работу, затрачиваемую на диссоциацию молекул биологического объекта, заключенного в межэлектродном пространстве на разных энергетических уровнях (8-10 уровней) по формуле:
Aⁿ = I^n*t^n*U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{ср}}$ , (2)
где
n - номер энергетического уровня;
Iⁿ - ток на соответствующем энергетическом уровне;
tⁿ - значение времени изменения напряжения от нижнего до верхнего уровня на n-ом энергетическом уровне;
U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{ср}}$ - среднее значение напряжения на n-ом энергетическом уровне.With the help of the current corrector 13, the current I is established for the object under study $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{const}}$ the first energy level at which a nearly linear portion of the A ₁ -B ₁ characteristic for U is observed $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{n}}$ and U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{in}}$ . When applying stabilized current I to the probe $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{const}}$ , at other energy levels, close to linear sections A ₂ -B ₂ , ..., A _n -B _n are formed automatically when the current amplitudes change, I $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{2}}{\text{const}}$ , ... I $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{const}}$ .
For given lower U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{n}}$ and upper U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{in}}$ threshold voltage values, taking into account the assumption of the linearity of the voltage change in the sections between U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{n}}$ and U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{in}}$ can determine the average value of U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{wed}}$ at each of the energy levels:

The countdown starts at time t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{0}}$ (when voltage U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{n}}$ ) and ends at time t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{to}}$ (when voltage U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{in}}$ ) Time interval t ⁿ (from t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{0}}$ to t $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{to}}$ ) fixes the time of voltage change from U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{n}}$ to U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{in}}$ .
As a result, taking into account expression (1), it is possible to determine the work spent on the dissociation of the molecules of a biological object enclosed in the interelectrode space at different energy levels (8-10 levels) using the formula:
A ⁿ = I ^{n *} t ^{n *} U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{wed}}$ , (2)
Where
n is the number of the energy level;
I ⁿ - current at the corresponding energy level;
t ⁿ is the value of the time the voltage changes from the lower to the upper level at the n-th energy level;
U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{n}}{\text{wed}}$ is the average voltage value at the nth energy level.

где
K - коэффициент коррекции тока;
I $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{1}}$ - значение тока на первом энергетическом уровне при значении K=1;
U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{н}}$ - нижнее значение напряжения на первом энергетическом уровне;
U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{в}}$ - верхнее значение напряжения на первом энергетическом уровне.The values of currents and voltages for each of the energy levels, taking into account the correction, are determined constructively with respect to the first energy level and can be calculated by the formulas:

Where
K is the current correction factor;
I $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{1}}$ - current value at the first energy level with a value of K = 1;
U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{n}}$ - lower voltage value at the first energy level;
U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{in}}$ - the upper voltage value at the first energy level.

Substituting (3) into (2) and taking into account (1) after simplification, we obtain:
A ⁿ = K ^* n ^{2 *} I $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1*}}{\text{1}}$ U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1*}}{\text{wed}}$ t ⁿ .
I $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{1}}$ , U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{n}}$ , U $\genfrac{}{}{0ex}{}{\text{1}}{\text{in}}$ are adjusted and calibrated during instrument setup, therefore their values are known. The value of K is set and determined by the position of the current corrector switch 13, n is determined by the number of clicks on the "Poll" button. Given these values and the readings of the time interval meter t ⁿ , the work spent on the dissociation of the molecules of the biological object at different energy levels is determined.

 The proposed device allows you to get a visual picture of the state of a biological object in a short period of time and allows you to obtain a spectral characteristic of the concentration of ion-exchange molecules with different levels of dissociation.

 Literature.

 1. BME (30 tons) of the Academy of Medical Sciences of the USSR, Ch.ed. B.V. Petrovsky, publishing house Z.M. Soviet Encyclopedia, 1979, vol. II, Art. 297-298.

 2. RF patent N 2033606, class. G 01 N 33/48, bull. N 11, 04/20/95.

Claims (1)

 A device for diagnosing the state of biological objects, containing a probe with two electrodes, a stabilized current source connected to the first input of the key by the first output with a common bus, the second output connected to the first input of the first threshold element and through the first section of the circuit to the first electrode probe, the second probe electrode is connected to a common bus through a second section of the circuit, a control circuit connected by the first input to the Start button, the first output to the second key input, the second output to the second input the time interval meter, the output of the first threshold element connected to the first input of the time interval meter, the first input of the second threshold element through the first section of the circuit to the first electrode of the probe, and the output to the third input of the time interval meter, characterized in that it is additionally provided a device for recording and reading information connected by the first input to the "Poll" button, the second input - to the third output of the control circuit, a memory unit, one input of which is connected to the output of the devices recording and reading information, information buses - with information outputs - inputs of the time interval meter, the second input of the control circuit is connected to the third input of the time interval meter, an energy level shaper, the first output of which is connected to the input of the stabilized current source and the second inputs of the first and second threshold elements and the second input - with the fourth output of the control circuit, a current corrector, the output of which is connected to the first input of the shaper of energy levels.

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