RU2123130C1 - Starter-generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: transport engineering; automobile electrical equipment. SUBSTANCE: starter-generator has automobile engine flywheel 1 which serves as rotor of electrical machine of starter-generator whose stator 10 is arranged coaxially with flywheel and is secured on housing 4. Pole rings 6 with finger poles 7 are secured by screws on flywheel end faces. Control windings 14 are located at both sides of flywheel at pole rings. With device operating as starter higher frequency three-phase current is supplied to three-phase stator winding 12 from converter 13. After starting of engine, stator winding is automatically disconnected from converter and is connected to rectifier. Control windings are connected to voltage regulator for automatically maintaining generator voltage within 12-14 V. EFFECT: reduced mass, simplified design of starter-generator system. 8 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to electrical equipment of automobile engines, namely to starters and generators of internal combustion engines. It can be used in the development of devices for starting and powering automobile engines.

 Inertial starters / a.s are known from the patent literature. USSR N 1331436 cells F 02 N 5/04, a.s. USSR class F 02 N 5/04 N 1562514 /, where the electric motor drives the flywheel, which then engages with the shaft of the automobile motor. Such devices have a complex structure and require an additional generator to operate the motor.

 The prototype of the invention is an inertial starter made on the flywheel of the car engine / a.s. N 1588897 C. F 02 N 5/04 /. The starter has a stator winding, a steel rotor with permanent magnets and a magnetic clutch ring.

 Such a starter cannot work in generator mode. The presence of ring magnetic coupling increases the mass of the starter.

 The aim of the invention is to reduce weight and simplify the design of the starter-generator system.

 This goal is achieved by the fact that on the rim of the flywheel of the automobile engine, which is the rotor of the starter-generator, two rings with claw poles are installed, and a stator with a stator three-phase winding is located coaxially with the flywheel, in addition, a control ring is installed on the ends of the pole rings on both sides of the flywheel generator winding.

 In FIG. 1 shows a starter-generator device; in FIG. 2 depicts the claw poles of a flywheel; in FIG. Figure 3 shows a view of the flywheel along its radius; in FIG. 4, 5 and 6 show the winding options of the control winding of the starter generator; in FIG. 7 gives a starter-generator device for a VAZ-2108 engine; in FIG. 8 shows a starter-generator of a VAZ-2105 engine.

 The starter-generator consists of a flywheel 1 mounted on the crankshaft 2 of a car engine.

 Clutch 3 is installed on the flywheel, and the gearbox 5 of the car is attached to the flywheel housing 4. The entire transmission of the car remains standard.

 Only one detail is subjected to minor refinement - the flywheel of the automobile engine, which remains standard, but the ring gear is removed from it.

 At the ends of the flywheel, pole rings 6 with claw poles 7 are installed. The pole rings are made of soft magnetic steel and are attached to the flywheel using screws 8. On the flywheel, a ring 9 of non-magnetic material is installed between the pole rings / aluminum, stainless steel / to increase magnetic resistance between the pole rings. In this case, the maximum magnetic field strength will be between the poles.

 In the plane of the flywheel, a stator 10 is mounted coaxially with it. The stator is mounted, for example, with screws 11, it has a three-phase winding 12.

 The stator, together with the flywheel of the automobile engine, form an electric machine with a power of / at an inrush current of 2.5-3 kW, with a rotor diameter of 270 mm / for a VAZ-2108 / engine.

 To work in starter mode from a car battery, a converter 13 is installed, which converts the direct current of the battery into a three-phase alternating current of increased frequency / 200-500 Hz /.

 For operation in generator mode, control windings 14 are installed on the ends of the flywheel pole rings 14 on the core 15. The winding cores 15 are fastened, for example, by screws 16 to the flywheel housing 4.

 The control windings may have a cylindrical 17 / Fig. 4 / segment 18 / Fig. 5 / or / Fig. 6 / annular 19 core. What is determined by the design of the flywheel housing with the possibility of placing the windings on a standard automobile engine.

 Through terminals 20, the control current from the voltage regulator is supplied to the windings 14, which is necessary for the operation of the electric machine in generator mode.

 When operating in generator mode, the three-phase voltage from the stator winding is supplied to the rectifier 21, from which direct current is supplied through the terminals 22 to consumers.

 The starter generator operates as follows. When the ignition key is turned to the starting position of the engine from the converter 13, an alternating three-phase current is supplied to the stator multipolar winding, which induces a traveling magnetic field, which causes the rotor / flywheel / to rotate with a large starting torque. In this case, the three-phase stator and flywheel form a three-phase squirrel-cage motor.

This engine has a large starting torque and high power density. With a current frequency of 200-400 Hz and a current strength of 300 amperes at a voltage of 12V, the starter power will be more than 3 kW. This is enough to start the car engine at negative temperatures above -45 ^o C. To start the engine, crankshaft revolutions of about 150-250 rpm are required. The starter-generator provides revolutions of more than 700 rpm.

 For a standard starter with a rotor diameter of 50 mm and revolutions of 5500 rpm, a gear ratio of about 1: 20 / flywheel ring - starter gear / is required to provide starting torque.

 The proposed starter-generator has a rotor diameter of 270 mm / five times larger /, it has more pairs of poles / 36 /, and it operates on a three-phase current of high frequency, which reduces the starting current from 450 A / a standard starter / to 200- 250 A.

 You can increase the power of the starter by applying a bias current to the control windings. Then the starting current will be only 100-150 A. In this case, you can use a battery with a capacity of 20 ac.o. to start the VAZ-2108 automobile engine.

 After starting the engine, the stator winding is automatically disconnected from the converter / by a magnetic switch / and connected to the rectifier 21. The starter-generator automatically switches to work in the generator mode. At the same time, voltage from the accumulator is applied to the control windings to create a magnetizing field. The windings induce a magnetic field concentrating on the claw poles. When the flywheel rotates, the magnetic field of the claw poles crosses the stator winding and a three-phase current is induced in the stator winding, which is supplied to the rectifier, and then direct current is supplied by consumers.

 With an increase in the number of revolutions of the flywheel / revolutions of the automobile motor more than 2000 rpm / voltage on the stator windings begins to rise above 14 V, while the current in the opposite direction is supplied from the regulator to the control windings, and the voltage on the stator windings drops to 12-14 V.

 Thus, the proposed stator generator operates as a standard automobile alternator / only with spaced field windings /.

 Compared with the prototype, the proposed starter-generator has a small mass. Flywheel electrical parts and equipment have a mass of 4.5 kg instead of 13.5 kg / starter 8.8 kg and a generator 4.7 kg /. In addition, the proposed device has a simple design of an electric machine that combines a starter with a generator.

Claims (1)

 A starter-generator containing a rotor around which the stator winding is located, the rotor being the flywheel of an automobile engine, characterized in that two rings with claw poles are installed on the flywheel rim, and a generator winding is installed on the ends of the pole rings on both sides of the flywheel.

Images