RU2118842C1 - Gas pressure controller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: engine making, equipment controlling pressure of gas in gas internal combustion engine. SUBSTANCE: controller includes high-pressure space which upper part is manufactured in the form of cylindrical bore that houses sensitive member - control valve in the form of circular recess 8 with radial ducts in outer cylindrical surface of control valve, low-pressure space in the form of cylinder with cover having inner cylindrical partition dividing internal space into two spaces, upper and lower ones., device controlling gas pressure in the form of circular recess 28 in lower face surface of control valve, unloading device in the form of piston with axial hole. EFFECT: enhanced reliability and simplified design of controller. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to engine building, in particular to gas internal combustion engines, and more particularly to devices for regulating the pressure of fuel gas in gas internal combustion engines.

 Known two-stage gas pressure regulator containing a housing with inlet and outlet cavities, two series-connected regulatory body, two sensing elements, the first cavity of each of which is connected to the output of the corresponding regulatory body, and the second cavity with the control cavity, the adjustment spring with a screw, and also a spring-loaded valve and a piston installed between the adjusting spring and the second cavity of the second sensing element (See AS USSR N 771629 / CL G 05 D 16/10, 1980).

 However, the known two-stage gas pressure regulator has a number of significant disadvantages. These disadvantages lie in the fact that this regulator is not able to provide automatic supply of the required amount of gas at all engine operating modes; in addition, the known regulator is not able to reduce the pressure to close to atmospheric regardless of the gas pressure in the cylinder; and, finally, to ensure the interruption of gas supply during a short stop of the engine, i.e. cannot work as an automatic locking device that disconnects the engine from the gas line during its stop.

 Of the known gas pressure regulators, the closest in technical essence and in the achieved result is a two-stage automatic diaphragm gas pressure regulator containing a housing with cavities of high and low pressure, cavities of the discharge device and atmospheric pressure and a metering economizer with sensitive elements placed in them, loaded balancing springs and gas pressure regulating devices (See the book by E.V. Klennikov, O.A. Martirov and others. Gasoballo nye cars: technical operation - M .: Transport, 1986, pp 34 - 39)...

 However, the known two-stage automatic gas pressure regulators have a number of significant drawbacks. These disadvantages are that the presence of sensitive elements in the form of a diaphragm and high and low pressure valves, as well as traction systems and levers makes the design of the gas regulator insufficiently reliable. In addition, from the point of view of design, diaphragms made of rubber and fabric have an unstable characteristic and limited stroke, which does not provide the required accuracy and stability of gas flow control in all modes for a long time.

 To increase the reliability and simplify the design of the gas pressure regulator, as well as to improve the accuracy and stability of gas flow control in all modes for a long time in the known gas pressure regulator containing a housing with cavities of high and low pressure, cavities of the discharge device and atmospheric pressure and metering economizer device with sensitive elements placed in them, loaded with balancing springs, and gas pressure regulating device, high cavity pressure in its upper part is made in the form of a cylindrical bore, a high-pressure sensitive element is made in the form of a spool placed in a cylindrical bore, the gas pressure regulating device is made in the form of an annular groove with radial channels on the outer cylindrical surface of the spool, along the axis of which the channel is made, adjacent to the radial channels, the low-pressure cavity is made in the form of a cylinder with a lid and with an inner cylindrical partition dividing the inner cavity into ve cavities: the upper one is a low-pressure cavity and the lower one, cylindrical bores are made in the baffle and in the lower cylindrical cavity, the low-pressure sensitive element is made in the form of a spool with a rod equipped with a stop and a stop placed in the cylindrical bore of the partition, the gas pressure regulating device is made in in the form of an annular recess on the lower end surface of the spool and channels inclined to the cylindrical generatrix adjacent to the annular recess, and along the axis of the spool and the spool rod Axial drilling was performed with an inner cylindrical bore in the spool and radial holes in the stem, the inner cylindrical bore of the spool being connected via channels to the lower end surface of the spool, and the metering device made in the form of a spool with an axial bore and an inner cylindrical bore connected through channels with the upper end plane of the spool, the unloading device is made in the form of a piston with an axial hole, with which it is installed on a rod in a cylindrical bore in such a way that the lower cylindrical cavity is divided into two cavities in the form of closed cylinders with varying volumes: the upper one is the vacuum cavity and the cavity of the discharge device and the lower one is the atmospheric pressure cavity, an additional low pressure cavity is made in the wall of the inner cylindrical partition, which, on the one hand, is connected through holes with the internal cylindrical bore of the septum, and on the other, with the main cavity of low pressure, the cover is made it is in the form of a plate with a rod and with an internal axial channel in it, on the outer cylindrical surface of which radial channels are made adjacent to the axial channel.

 In FIG. schematically shows the device of a gas pressure regulator.

 The gas pressure regulator contains a housing made in the form of two separate buildings 1 and 2 with internal cavities of high 3 and cavities of low pressure, the main 4 and additional 5.

 The high pressure cavity 3 in its upper part is made in the form of a cylindrical bore 6, inside of which there is a sensitive element made in the form of a spool 7.

 The gas pressure regulating device is made in the form of an annular recess 8 with radial channels 9 on the outer cylindrical surface of the spool 7, along the axis of which a channel 10 is made adjacent to the radial channels 9. The spool 7 is equipped with a balancing spring 11 and an adjusting screw 12 installed in the cover 13.

 The cylindrical bore 6 with its internal cavity adjoins the internal cavity of high pressure 3 and is equipped with a limiter 14 to limit the stroke of the spool 7.

 The nadzolotnikovaya space 15 is provided with a hole 16 for communication with the atmosphere.

 The low-pressure cavity is made in the form of a cylinder with a cover 17 and with an inner cylindrical partition 18 that separates the inner cavity into two cavities: the upper one is a low-pressure cavity 4 and the lower one is a cavity 19. Cylindrical bores are made in the partition 18 and in the lower cylindrical cavity 19 of the housing 2 20, 21 and 22, inside of which, respectively, sensitive elements are placed, made in the form of two kinematically connected spools and a piston, one of which is a low-pressure sensitive element made in the form of ash nick 23 to the rod 24 provided with a limiter 25, and abutment 26 pivot rod 27.

 The gas pressure regulating device is made in the form of an annular recess 28 on the lower end surface of the spool 23, to which the inclined channels 29 are adjacent, and axial drilling 30 with an inner cylindrical bore 31 in the spool 23 and radial holes 32 in the stem is made along the axis of the spool 23 24, the inner cylindrical bore 31 of the spool 23 via channels 33 in communication with the lower end surface of the spool 23.

 The metering economizing device is made in the form of a spool 34 with an axial hole 35 and an inner cylindrical bore 36 communicated via channels 37 with the upper end plane of the spool 34.

 The unloading device is made in the form of a piston 38 with an axial bore 39, with which it is mounted on the rod 24 in a cylindrical bore 22 in such a way that the lower cylindrical cavity 19 is divided into two cavities in the form of closed cylinders with varying volumes: the upper one is a vacuum cavity and the cavity of the discharge device 40 and the lower cavity of the atmospheric pressure 41.

 The spool 34 and the piston 38 are equipped with balancing springs 42 and 43, respectively.

 An additional low-pressure cavity 5 is made in the wall of the inner cylindrical partition 18, which, on the one hand, is connected with the holes 44 to the inner cylindrical bore 20 of the partition 18 of the spool 23, and, on the other hand, with the help of the holes 45, it is connected to the main low-pressure cavity 4.

 The cover 17 of the low-pressure cavity 44 is made in the form of a plate with a stem 46 and with an internal axial channel 47 in it, on the outer cylindrical surface of which there are made radial channels 48 adjacent to the axial channel 47.

 The main low-pressure cavity 4 and the additional low-pressure cavity 5 are provided with openings 49 and 50 for feeding into the carburetor-mixer (not shown in Fig.).

 The vacuum cavity of the discharge and metering economizer 40 through the hole 51, the vacuum tube (not shown in FIG.) Is in communication with the throttling space of the carburetor-mixer (not shown in FIG.).

 The atmospheric pressure cavity 41 through the opening 52 is constantly in communication with the atmosphere.

 The rod stem 27 is provided with a spring 53 and an adjusting nipple 54.

 To supply gas from the gas line of the vehicle to the high-pressure cavity 3, the regulator is equipped with an inlet channel 55, and an opening 56 is made for supplying gas from the high-pressure cavity 3 to the low-pressure cavity 4.

 After installing the upper spool 23 in the bore 20 of the inner cylindrical partition 18 between the lower end surface of the spool 23 and the end surface of the partition 18, a closed space 57 is formed, which is constantly in communication with the channels 33.

 The work is as follows. Gas from the gas line of the vehicle through the inlet channel 55, the outer annular groove 8, the radial channels 9 and the axial channel 10 enters the high-pressure cavity 3, from where, on the one hand, through the axial channel 47, the radial channels 48, the cylindrical bore 31, the channels 33 enter closed space 57, on the other hand, through the axial channel 47, axial drilling 30, radial holes 32, cylindrical bore 36, channels 37, annular recess 28 enters the inclined channels 29.

 The nadzolotnikovy space 15 of the regulator is in communication with the atmosphere, as a result of which a pressure differential is created under the action of excessive pressure in the cavity 3 on the spool 7 and a force arises. This force tends to move the spool 7 along the axis upwards and thereby close the annular recess 8 relative to the inlet 55. When the overpressure in the cavity 3 increases to a certain value, the spool 7 starts to move upward, overcoming the force of the compressible spring 11, and closes the annular recess 8.

 When the pressure in the cavity 3 is reduced to a certain value, the force from the gas pressure on the spool 7 becomes insufficient to hold the annular recess 8 in the closed position. The spool 7 moves downward under the action of compression of the spring 11 and opens the recess 8. In this case, an additional amount of gas enters the cavity 3 from the gas line, as a result of which the pressure in the cavity 3 increases to such a value that sufficient force is generated on the spool 7 in order to move the spool up and close the annular groove 8. In the high-pressure cavity 3, a constant overpressure is established, which is maintained at a predetermined level automatically. The pressure has such a value at which under its action the spool 7 moves up and closes the annular groove 8.

 The pressure in the high-pressure cavity 3 is set using the adjusting screw 12, which changes the force of the spring 11.

 During the start-up, the vacuum that occurs behind the throttle valve through the vacuum tube (not shown in FIG.) And the hole 51 is transferred to the vacuum cavity 40, which simultaneously plays the role of the vacuum cavity of the metering economizer and the vacuum cavity of the discharge device. Under the action of the rarefaction that occurs in the cavity 40, the piston of the unloading device 38, compressing the conical spring 43, moves up along the rod 24 against the stop into the stop 25 and unloads the upper spool 23 of the low pressure cavity from the action of the force created by the spring 43. As a result of the action of the unloading device to keep the spool 23 in the closed position, only the force created by the spring 53 tends. Under the same vacuum that occurs in the cavity 40, the lower spool 34, overcoming the force of the spring 42, moves along the piece eye 24 down, thereby blocking the radial holes 32 in the rod 24.

 At the same time, through the outlet of the idle system to gas pipelines (not shown in Fig.), The vacuum that occurs in the throttle space is transmitted through the openings 49 and 50 to the main 4 and additional 5 low-pressure cavities of the regulator. At the same time, the force created on the spool 23 tends to move it up and thereby open the inlet openings 44. This force is combined with the force that appears on the spool 23 from the side of the enclosed space 57 from the action of the gas pressure located in the high-pressure cavity 3 of the regulator. As a result of the influence of these factors, after the piston 38 of the unloading device is activated, the spool 23 moves upward along the stem 46 and partially opens the inlet openings 44 with its lower edge. This is because the spring 53 is selected in such a way that the force generated by it is insufficient to hold the spool 23 in closed position.

 Through the openings 44, gas from the high-pressure cavity 3 along the axial 47 and radial channels 48 in the stem 46, the bore 31, the channels 33 in the spool 23 and the space 57 enters the low-pressure cavities 4 and 5. The required pressure in cavities 4 and 5 is automatically maintained by the spool mechanism.

 If the specified pressure in the cavity 4 is exceeded, the spool 23 moves down and thereby closes the holes 44 until the pressure in the cavities 4 and 5 drops to the specified pressure. The pressure in the cavities 4 and 5 is regulated by changing the compression force of the spring 53 using the adjusting nipple 54.

 In all modes of engine operation, except for modes corresponding to the full opening of the throttle, the gas passage through the channel 29 power adjustment is closed. This is achieved by the special design of the outlet openings of the inclined channels 29 in the upper spool 23 relative to the inner bore 20, as well as the radial holes 32 in the stem 24 relative to the inner cylindrical bore 36 in the spool 34, which are closed in all modes except the full throttle opening due to movement the spool 34 down due to the rarefaction occurring during engine operation in the throttle space and transmitted through the pipeline (not shown in Fig.) and the hole 51 in vacuum cavity 40.

 When the engine is idling, the annular recess 8 of the spool 7 of the high-pressure cavity 3 and the inlets 44 of the low-pressure cavity 5 are partially ajar. The radial holes 32 of the rod 24 under the action of high vacuum in the cavity 40 are closed by the inner walls of the spool 34. This vacuum occurs in the intake pipe at idle, which holds the spool 34 in the lower position, while the radial holes 32 of the rod 24 are completely blocked by the inner surface of the spool 34 .

 As a result of the use of an unloading device in the design of the controller when the engine is idling, as well as at low loads in low pressure cavities 4 and 5, a slight overpressure of about 98-100 Pa is maintained.

 When the engine is operating under low load conditions, gas is supplied to the engine only through the idle system. In this case, the throttle (not shown in Fig.) Is covered. The vacuum from the throttle space is transferred to the vacuum cavity of the metering economizer device and the discharge device 40. The radial holes 32 are closed by the spool 34 under the influence of the vacuum, and a slight overpressure is created in the low-pressure cavities 4 and 5, since the spool 23 is open under the action of gas pressure in the space 57.

 As the engine load increases, the vacuum in the low pressure cavities 4 and 5 continues to increase. The increase in vacuum in cavities 4 and 5 is accompanied by an increase in the pressure drop in cavities 4 and 41 and 4 and 57, which leads to additional efforts. These forces act accordingly on the spool 23. The degree of opening of the inlet openings 44 increases, the gas flow through the openings 44 and 45 increases. In this case, the vacuum in the high-pressure cavity 3 also increases, the pressure drop in the cavity 3 and in the nadzolotnik space 15 increases.

 The resulting force acts on the spool 7, moving it down, as a result of which the degree of opening of the annular groove 8 increases. This, in turn, leads to an increase in gas flow through the inlet channel 55, the annular groove 8, the radial 9 and the axial channel 10.

 A further increase in engine load is associated with an increase in the degree of opening of the inlet channel 55 and the openings 44 of the cavities of the high and low pressure regulator, which leads to an increase in gas supply. The pressure in the low-pressure cavities 4 and 5 as the throttle valve opens and a corresponding increase in vacuum in the diffuser-mixer (not shown in Fig.) Changes from an excess of 100 Pa to a vacuum of about 200 Pa. This causes a gradual depletion of the combustible mixture as the load increases.

 When the engine is running at full power, i.e. with fully open throttles, the inlet channel 55 and inlet 44, respectively, of the cavities of the high and low pressure regulator and the check valve of the carburetor - mixer (not shown in Fig.) are also maximally open. In modes close to the full opening of the throttle, an economizer comes into effect (not shown in Fig.). In these modes, the vacuum behind the throttle (not shown in Fig.), And therefore in the vacuum cavity 40, becomes insufficient to hold the spool 34 in the lower closed position. Under the action of the spring force 42, the spool 34 moves upward along the stem 24 and opens the radial holes 32. An additional portion of gas begins to flow through the openings 32, the bore 36, the vertical 37 and the inclined channels 29 into the cavities 4 and 5 and further to the mixer. The amount of gas is dosed with calibrated holes 29 power adjustment. The increase in the total gas supply by the low pressure regulator due to the additional gas supply through the channels 29 leads to the enrichment of the combustible mixture, which ensures maximum power from the engine.

Claims (1)

 A gas pressure regulator comprising a housing with cavities of high and low pressure, cavities of a discharge device and atmospheric pressure, and a metering economizer device with sensing elements provided with balancing springs, and gas pressure regulating devices, characterized in that the high pressure cavity is in its upper parts are made in the form of a cylindrical bore, a high-pressure sensitive element - in the form of a spool placed in a cylindrical bore, adjusting its gas pressure device is in the form of an annular recess with radial channels on the outer cylindrical surface of the spool, along the axis of which a channel adjacent to the radial channels is made, the low-pressure cavity is made in the form of a cylinder with a cover and with an internal cylindrical partition separating the internal cavity into two cavities , upper low pressure and lower, in the septum and in the lower cylindrical cavity, cylindrical bores are made, the low-pressure sensitive element is made in the form of a spool with a rod, equipped with a limiter and a stop located in a cylindrical partition, the gas pressure regulating device is made in the form of an annular recess on the lower end surface of the spool and channels inclined to the cylindrical generatrix adjacent to the annular recess, and axial drilling with an internal cylindrical bore is performed along the axis of the spool and spool in the spool and radial holes in the rod, the inner cylindrical bore of the spool using channels communicated with the lower end surface of the lottery, the metering economizer device is made in the form of a spool with an axial bore and an inner cylindrical bore connected by channels with the upper end plane of the spool, the unloading device is made in the form of a piston with an axial bore, with which it is mounted on the rod in a cylindrical bore so that the lower cylindrical the cavity is divided into two cavities in the form of closed cylinders with varying volumes - the upper, vacuum, cavity and cavity of the unloading device and the lower - cavity a Mosospheric pressure, an additional low-pressure cavity is made in the wall of the inner cylindrical partition, which, on the one hand, is connected with the holes to the inner cylindrical bore of the partition and, on the other, with the main low-pressure cavity, the cover is made in the form of a plate with a rod and with an internal axial channel it, on the outer cylindrical surface of which there are made radial channels adjacent to the axial channel.