RU2117783C1 - Internal combustion engine operating on coal dust - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering; internal combustion engines using coal dust as fuel. SUBSTANCE: intake valve and additional exhaust valve and swirl chamber are arranged in cylinder head. Swirl chamber communicates with main combustion chamber through tangential channels and central channel with central valve. The latter has stopper overlapping tangential channels. Fuel nozzle is installed in swirl chamber. In process of scavenging combusted particles of coal dust are evacuated through exhaust valve in swirl chamber. EFFECT: reduced hydraulic losses at scavenging. 1 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to mechanical engineering, namely, to internal combustion engines. A known internal combustion engine using coal dust as fuel and containing at least one cylinder with a piston disposed therein, a cylinder head with a vortex chamber in communication with the main combustion chamber by means of tangential channels and a central channel in which a central valve is installed and having fuel nozzle, inlet valve and exhaust valve placed in the vortex chamber (see USSR author's certificate N 1657696, class F 02 B 45/02, 1991).

 A disadvantage of the known engine is the insufficiently efficient workflow. The objective of the invention is to improve the working process of the engine and reduce hydraulic losses during the purge process.

 The problem is solved in that the internal combustion engine, using coal dust as fuel, contains at least one cylinder with a piston placed in it, a cylinder head with a vortex chamber in communication with the main combustion chamber using tangential channels and a central channel in which a central valve is installed, and having a fuel nozzle, an inlet valve and an exhaust valve located in the vortex chamber, and it has an additional exhaust valve located in the main chamber Rania, the central valve cap fastened to overlap the tangential channels in the expansion stroke, and the central actuator valve and exhaust valve, disposed in the swirl chamber, carried by a camshaft.

 The drawing shows an internal combustion engine running on coal dust.

 The engine comprises a cylinder 1 with a piston 2 located therein, a cylinder head 3. In the latter, an inlet 4 and an additional outlet 5 valve are located. In the cylinder head there is a vortex chamber 6, made in the form of a truncated cone. The vortex chamber 6 communicates with the main combustion chamber 7 by means of tangential channels 8 and a central channel 9 in which the central valve 10 is installed. On the central valve 10 there is a plug 11 that overlaps the tangential channels 8. The central valve 10 is driven from the camshaft 12. In the vortex chamber in a special channel 13 there is an exhaust valve 14, which is also driven by its cam from the camshaft 12. In the vortex chamber 6 a dust-coal fuel nozzle 15 is installed. eniya combustion efficiency and exclude reverse casting the vortex combustor portion of the dust at the periphery of the vortex chamber 16 there are guides.

 The engine operates as follows.

 On the compression stroke, the Central valve 10 locks the Central channel 9 of the vortex chamber. In this case, the air flow from the main combustion chamber 7 through the tangential channels 8 receives rotational motion in the vortex chamber. Fuel nozzle 15 blows coal dust along the rotation of the air stream. During the combustion process, the ash part of the burnt dust is separated in the vortex chamber and accumulated in a special channel 13. At the expansion stroke, the central valve 10 opens the central channel 9, transfers gases from the vortex chamber 6 to the main combustion chamber 7. The burnt particles of coal dust deposited in the channel 13 are discharged through an exhaust valve 14 during a cylinder purge process.

Claims (1)

 An internal combustion engine using coal dust as fuel and containing at least one cylinder with a piston located therein, a cylinder head with a vortex chamber in communication with the main combustion chamber by means of tangential channels and a central channel in which the central valve is installed, and having a fuel nozzle, an inlet valve and an exhaust valve located in the vortex chamber, characterized in that it has an additional exhaust valve located in the main combustion chambers, on the central the valve plug is fixed with the possibility of tangential channels overlap in the expansion stroke, and the central actuator valve and exhaust valve, disposed in the swirl chamber, carried by a camshaft.