RU2117633C1 - Distiller - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: devices for liquid distillation used in household conditions. SUBSTANCE: distiller has evaporator, vessel for collection of distillate and cooler located above evaporator and connected with it by means of device for maintaining level of liquid in evaporation. Vessel for collection of distillate is located in evaporator and its bottom is located at the level below the level of evaporated liquid. Device for maintaining the preset level of liquid in evaporator is built in lower part of cooler and has body accommodating piston with end face flanges. Piston height exceeds the height of body. There is through channel inside the device which fully or partially passes through piston. In this case, inlet hole of channel is in upper part and outlet hole, in lower part of piston side surface. EFFECT: higher efficiency due to exclusion of secondary steam generation and losses of hot water. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to a device for distillation of liquid and can be used to produce distilled water at home.

 A known distiller, which includes a housing, in the upper part of which a refrigerator is placed in the form of a funnel with a pipe inserted for supplying cold water, and a distillate receiver with a distillate outlet is installed in the lower part. The housing is connected to the condensation tank using a pipe. Steam rising from the condensation tank passes into the gap between the distillate receiver and the inner surface of the body, condenses on the walls of the cooler, flows into the distillate receiver and is discharged by a tube. (SU, 145478, CL B 01 D, 3/00, 1962).

 The disadvantage of this solution is the low productivity of the distiller. This is due to the fact that the vapor, rising from the condensation tank, meets the distillate receiver on its way, condenses on its surface and flows down to re-vaporization, which reduces the efficiency of the distiller.

 Also known is a distiller containing an evaporator with inlet and outlet nozzles, a heating element located in it, a refrigerator with an inlet and outlet nozzles located above the evaporator, and a distillate collector made in the form of a circular groove located around the evaporator (RU, 2008266, class C 02 F 1/04, 1991).

 The disadvantage of this device is the design complexity and large dimensions, which excludes its use at home.

 The closest technical solution to the proposed invention is a distiller containing an evaporator, a distillate collection tank located above the evaporator and a refrigerator with cooling water supply and discharge pipes connected to the evaporator by means of a device for maintaining a given liquid level in the evaporator, made in the form of a cross-shaped tube, the upper and the lower ends of which are connected to the refrigerator and the lower part of the evaporator, and the horizontal ends are respectively associated with the capacity of the evaporator at the level of rhnosti water and drain tube (RU, 2038314, cl. C 02 F 1/04, 1992).

 The disadvantage of this distiller is its low efficiency, due to the fact that steam rising from the evaporator without reaching the refrigerator partially condenses on the bottom of the distillate collector and flows off the finished product into the evaporator for re-vaporization, in addition, during the process of vaporization, the pressure in the evaporator rises and part of the hot evaporated water through the device to maintain the water level in the evaporator is discharged into the cooling water drain path, which also reduces the efficiency distiller.

 The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency by eliminating re-vaporization and discharge of hot water from the evaporator into the cooling water drain path.

 To solve this problem, in a distiller containing an evaporator, a distillate collecting container and a refrigerator located above the evaporator and connected thereto by means of a device for maintaining the level of the evaporated liquid, the distillate collecting container is located in the evaporator, and its bottom is below the liquid level.

 Moreover, a device for maintaining the liquid level in the evaporator is integrated in the lower part of the refrigerator and contains a housing inside which a piston with end flanges is located, the height of the piston is greater than the height of the housing, inside the device there is a through channel completely or partially passing through the piston, and the channel inlet is located at the top and output at the bottom of the side surface of the piston.

 The described set of features allows to exclude repeated vaporization and unproductive losses of hot water.

 In FIG. 1 shows the proposed distiller; figure 2 and 3 is a device for maintaining the water level in the evaporator in different operating conditions.

 The distiller consists (see Fig. 1) of an evaporator 1, a refrigerator 2, a container for collecting distillate 3 located in the evaporator 1, and a device for maintaining the level of liquid 4. The bottom of the tank for collecting distillate 3 is located below the minimum permissible level of evaporated liquid, which eliminates the possibility of condensation of steam on the bottom of the tank for collecting distillate. The tank 3 is installed inside the evaporator on the stand 5. The device for maintaining the liquid level 4 is connected to the refrigerator 2 and the evaporator 1 and is built into the lower part of the refrigerator 2 and consists (see FIGS. 2 and 3) of the housing 6 and the piston 7 with end flanges 8 and 9. The device 4 has a through channel 10, the inlet 11 of which is located in the upper and the outlet 12 in the lower part of the side surface of the piston 7.

 The distiller works as follows.

 Before installing the distiller on the heater (gas, electric stove, etc.), the evaporator 1 is partially filled with the liquid to be cleaned, for example, water. The distillate collecting tank 3 is placed in the evaporator on the stand 5 and a refrigerator 2 is placed on top of the evaporator, which is filled with water. Then the distiller is placed on the heater. The liquid in the evaporator quickly boils and evaporates. Water vapor, rising between the walls of the evaporator 1 and the distillate collector 3, condenses on the bottom of the refrigerator 2 and flows into the distillate collector. Boiling water in the distillate tank is excluded, because its bottom is isolated from the bottom of the evaporator, and hence from the heater. For this, the distillate collector is mounted on a stand 5.

 The evaporated water in the evaporator 1 is compensated by coming from the refrigerator 2 through the device to maintain the liquid level 4. During the process of vaporization, the pressure in the evaporator increases, and the movable part 7 of the device to maintain the water level in the evaporator moves up, and through the opening 8 a through channel 9 between the body device and the piston is filled with water (see figure 2). As the vapor condenses, the pressure in the evaporator decreases, as a result of this, the piston 7 of the device 4 goes down (see Fig. 3). Through the hole 10 formed, the liquid from the space 9 flows into the evaporator. As an additional portion of the liquid boils, the pressure in the evaporator rises and the process repeats. The through channel 10 can completely pass through the piston 7.

 The volume of cooling water in the refrigerator should be equal to 3-5 volumes of the distillate collector. The volume of the refrigerator may be less, but then the coolant must be partially replaced during operation, or it is necessary to add snow, ice, etc. to it.

 The proposed distiller does not exclude the use of running water in the refrigerator, for this it should be equipped with nozzles for supplying and draining cooling water. However, this is not always possible or rational.

 The proposed distiller is economical because the design of the distiller eliminates heat loss due to repeated vaporization and leaks of evaporated water, and in the absence of a source of running water, the evaporated water is preheated by condensing steam. All parts of the distiller are available and do not require complicated maintenance. Its dimensions are reduced due to the placement of the distillate collector in the evaporator. After completion of work, cooling water can be used in everyday life.

Claims (2)

 1. A distiller comprising an evaporator, a distillate collecting vessel and a refrigerator connected by means of a device for maintaining the liquid level to the evaporator, characterized in that the distillate collecting vessel is located in the evaporator and its bottom is below the level of the evaporated liquid.  2. The distiller according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for maintaining the liquid level in the evaporator is integrated in the lower part of the refrigerator and contains a housing, inside of which there is a piston with end flanges, the height of the piston is greater than the height of the housing, inside the device there is a through channel, completely or partially passing through the piston, with the channel inlet located at the top and the outlet at the bottom of the side surface of the piston.

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