RU2114689C1 - Hydropercussion rotary apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: material mixing and grinding; may be used in processes of dispersion of homogeneous and heterogeneous suspensions with use of hydraulic shocks. SUBSTANCE: apparatus has body in the form of volute chamber with inlet and outlet pipes. Installed inside body are concentrically arranged working members, rotor and stator with slots in their side walls. Rotor is separated into two parts - internal and external by ring-shaped depression. Located on rotor internal part are blades producing centrifugal force and imparting initial speed to treated flow. Rotor external part has on its side walls slots in the form of widening hollows with concave surfaces. Located in ring-shaped depression of rotor is stator whose side walls have slots in the form of subsonic nozzle. Stator slots are oriented along axial curved lines constructed by parabolic law. EFFECT: intensified process of dispersion, higher efficiency of apparatus and prolonged service life of its working members. 2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

 The invention relates to the mixing of materials, their grinding and can be used, for example, in the processes of dispersing homogeneous and heterogeneous suspensions using water hammer and cavitation.

 Devices of this kind are known (see, for example, a rotary apparatus of hydropercussion according to [1]). The known device is made in a casing-coil of a centrifugal pump and contains working bodies, a rotor and a stator located concentrically to each other with a minimum clearance. Slots are made in the rotor in the form of subsonic nozzles with narrowing towards the stator. Slots are made in the stator, expanding towards the side of the body wall and having concave surfaces.

 Processed medium enters the rotor cavity through the inlet pipe of the housing. When the medium flows through the subsonic nozzles of the rotor, an increase in speed and a drop in pressure occur, reaching maximum values at the mouth of the nozzle. Blades are located in the rotor to create centrifugal force for the processed stream. The suspension is processed in the rotor by a sequence of hydraulic shocks. When the nozzle is blocked in the rotor by the side wall of the stator, a sharp increase in pressure occurs - a direct hydraulic shock. At the moment of combining the slots of the rotor and the stator, the medium to be treated enters the expanding slot of the stator, where there is a sharp increase in pressure with a drop in speed and hydrodynamic cavitation occurs - a secondary hydraulic shock. In the process of water hammer particles of the suspension are crushed. The technical result - intensive dispersion - should be provided in a known device due to double water hammer.

 However, the achievement of the required technical result is hampered by significant shortcomings in the design of the known device.

 Firstly, the placement on the rotor of the blades creating centrifugal forces to the flow being processed, and the subsonic nozzles on the side walls, does not allow for an increase in the flow velocity relative to the nozzle walls, since the blades and nozzles are stationary relative to each other. And this reduces the force of water hammer.

 Secondly, the expanding slit cavities on the side walls of the stator are stationary relative to the apparatus body and form, with the walls of the apparatus, inside the apparatus, a stagnant zone where the medium to be pumped is pumped. Most of the stator slots are clogged by the medium being processed, creating a significant resistance to its flow in the transition zone from the rotor slots to the stator slots, as a result of which the processed medium penetrates into all the gaps between the rotor and the stator, subjecting both working bodies to increased abrasion due to friction. To overcome friction and push the medium to be processed from stagnant zones to the outlet pipe of the apparatus, increased energy costs are required to drive the apparatus.

In addition, the stated disadvantages:
- reduce the efficiency of stable turbulence of the treated stream, as a principle underlying the rotary apparatus of hydropercussion;
- reduce the efficiency of the rotor apparatus due to increased energy costs for the drive of the working body;
- reduce the reliability and service life of the working bodies of the apparatus due to their increased wear, especially when processing solid materials.

 The invention is aimed at solving the problem of intensifying the dispersion process, increasing the efficiency of the apparatus and increasing the service life of the working bodies by increasing the force of hydraulic shocks, while reducing energy costs and preventing wear of the working bodies. The indicated technical results are ensured due to the fact that the rotor is made divided into two parts, internal and external, with an annular recess in which the stator is placed. In this case, slots in the form of subsonic nozzles are made on the side wall of the stator, and cracks in the form of expanding cavities are made on the outer part of the rotor, on the inside of which there are blades that create centrifugal forces and the initial speed of the flow being processed, and the outer rotor creates a centrifugal force that emits the processed suspension from the treatment zone and feeds to the outlet pipe. The slots in the stator are oriented along the axial curved lines constructed according to a parabolic law.

 The proposed design creates favorable conditions for increasing the initial velocity of the treated stream in the stationary subsonic nozzles of the stator due to the movement of the stream relative to the stationary walls of the subsonic nozzles and reducing the resistance of the liquid inside the stream in the subsonic nozzles due to their orientation according to the parabolic law and for entrainment of the treated medium from the treatment zone to the outlet pipe of the apparatus body by centrifugal force created by the rotating external part of the rotor. At the same time, the formation of stagnant zones in the apparatus casing is excluded, the processed material is prevented from entering the gap between the stator and the outer part of the rotor, the force of hydroshocks in both subsonic and expanding nozzles is increased, and wear of the working bodies in the gap between them is practically prevented, costs are reduced electricity to drive the working bodies, increasing the efficiency of the apparatus as a whole.

 In FIG. 1 shows a transverse section of the apparatus along the axis of the inlet pipe.

 In FIG. 2 shows a longitudinal section of the apparatus.

 In FIG. 3 shows a fragment of the working bodies at the time of combining the slots of the rotor and stator.

 The inventive rotary apparatus hydropercussion action contains a housing 1 with input 2 and output 3 nozzles. Inside the housing 1, a rotor is concentrically located, consisting of two parts, an inner 4 and an outer 5, separated by an annular recess 6, and a stator 7 located in the recess 6. On the inner part 4 of the rotor are blades 8 to create a centrifugal force and give the initial flow velocity Wednesday. In the outer part 5 of the rotor are placed expanding towards the body of the cavity 9 with concave surfaces 11. In the stator 7, slots 10 are made in the form of subsonic nozzles, tapering towards the exit and oriented along axial curved lines constructed according to a parabolic law.

 Works rotary apparatus hydropercussion as follows.

 The medium to be processed 12 through the inlet pipe 2 of the housing 1 enters the inner part 4 of the rotor onto the blades 8, which, having given the initial speed, direct its flow to the subsonic nozzles 10 of the stator 7. When the medium is passing 12 through the subsonic nozzles 10, the flow narrows and increases speed and pressure drop. During the rotation of the rotor of the working apparatus, periodic overlapping of the part of the stator nozzles 7 occurs by the walls of the outer part 5 of the rotor. At the moments when the nozzle of the stator 7 is blocked by the wall of the outer part 5 of the rotor, a sharp increase in pressure occurs (in zone B) - a direct hydraulic shock. Processed medium 12 is thus exposed to a series of hydroblows. At the moments when the slots of the stator 7 and the outer part 5 of the rotor are combined, the flow of the treated medium, which has received high kinetic energy in the subsonic nozzle 10, enters the expanding cavity 9 of the outer part 5 of the rotor, where there is a sharp increase in pressure with a decrease in the velocity of the medium, and in the zones B adjacent to the concave surfaces 11 of the expanding cavities 9, there is hydrodynamic cavitation (secondary hydroblow). In the process of water hammer, the particles of the medium being processed are crushed, and then, without stopping, they are carried away by the centrifugal force created by the outer part 5 of the rotor to the outlet pipe 3 of the apparatus body.

Claims (2)

 1. The rotary apparatus of hydropercussion, comprising a housing inside which the stator and rotor are concentrically mounted with slots made on the side walls in the form of channels in the form of subsonic nozzles with a narrowing adjacent to the expanding cavities having concave surfaces, characterized in that the rotor is divided into two parts, internal and external, with an annular recess in which the stator is placed, while slots in the form of subsonic nozzles are made in the stator, and slots in the form of expanding cavities are made on the outer part of the rotor, on the inside the first part of which are placed blades that create centrifugal forces to the processed stream.  2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the slots in the stator, made in the form of subsonic nozzles, are oriented along the axial curved lines constructed according to a parabolic law.

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